Chapter10.1
... • Widespread ice tends to lower global temperatures by increasing Earth’s reflectivity. • CO2 from outgassing will build up if oceans are frozen, ultimately raising global temperatures again. © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... • Widespread ice tends to lower global temperatures by increasing Earth’s reflectivity. • CO2 from outgassing will build up if oceans are frozen, ultimately raising global temperatures again. © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Solar ultraviolet radiation in a changing climate
... variability in the total ozone column13. Such patterns are predicted to be altered by the accumulation of GHGs with subsequent changes in UV-B radiation levels at Earth’s surface. These changes will, in turn, alter sinks and sources of CO2 and other trace gases that will affect future climate warmin ...
... variability in the total ozone column13. Such patterns are predicted to be altered by the accumulation of GHGs with subsequent changes in UV-B radiation levels at Earth’s surface. These changes will, in turn, alter sinks and sources of CO2 and other trace gases that will affect future climate warmin ...
quantifying the impact of climate change on
... Table 1: The average number of heatwave days, number of events, length of the longest event, average heatwave intensity, average intensity of the peak heatwave day, and change in the timing of the first summer heatwave for Australia’s capital cities (Perkins and Alexander 2013). Statistics were calc ...
... Table 1: The average number of heatwave days, number of events, length of the longest event, average heatwave intensity, average intensity of the peak heatwave day, and change in the timing of the first summer heatwave for Australia’s capital cities (Perkins and Alexander 2013). Statistics were calc ...
The obscure future of the Kyoto protocol - Hal-SHS
... order to reach an agreed outcome and adopt a decision at its fifteenth session”. In other words, it was expected that this working group would engage in negotiations leading to an accord on the application of the Kyoto protocol beyond 2012. This accord was supposed to be adopted during the 15th COP ...
... order to reach an agreed outcome and adopt a decision at its fifteenth session”. In other words, it was expected that this working group would engage in negotiations leading to an accord on the application of the Kyoto protocol beyond 2012. This accord was supposed to be adopted during the 15th COP ...
Impact of Climate Change on Wheat Production
... emissions. Globally, 13.5% of all human-induced greenhouse gas emissions are contributed from agriculture (Karl et al., 2009). Temperature The IPCC SRES projections estimate that global temperatures are expected to warm 3 to 7° F over the next century. From the 1970’s to present day, all decades hav ...
... emissions. Globally, 13.5% of all human-induced greenhouse gas emissions are contributed from agriculture (Karl et al., 2009). Temperature The IPCC SRES projections estimate that global temperatures are expected to warm 3 to 7° F over the next century. From the 1970’s to present day, all decades hav ...
2. Taking stock of the recommendations of the 2005 Communication
... levels. To meet this objective, atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases have to remain well below 550 parts per million volume (ppmv) CO2 equivalent, requiring global emission reductions of at least 15 % but perhaps as much as 50 % by 2050 compared to 1990 levels. Industrialised countries wou ...
... levels. To meet this objective, atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases have to remain well below 550 parts per million volume (ppmv) CO2 equivalent, requiring global emission reductions of at least 15 % but perhaps as much as 50 % by 2050 compared to 1990 levels. Industrialised countries wou ...
Potential Impact of Climate Change on Geographic Distribution of
... Emerging of heat-loving bacteria Temperature is undoubtedly one of the most important factors influencing the occurrence and development of many plant pathogenic bacteria. Climate model simulations using future emission scenarios of greenhouse gases and aerosols suggest an increase in global mean te ...
... Emerging of heat-loving bacteria Temperature is undoubtedly one of the most important factors influencing the occurrence and development of many plant pathogenic bacteria. Climate model simulations using future emission scenarios of greenhouse gases and aerosols suggest an increase in global mean te ...
Why Analyze Mental Models of Local Climate Change?
... Mozambique. Interview results are compared to data from a regional weather station. Residents discuss temperature increases, short-term and long-term precipitation changes, and altered seasonal timing. Measurable climate change in this region includes increasing temperatures and more erratic rainfal ...
... Mozambique. Interview results are compared to data from a regional weather station. Residents discuss temperature increases, short-term and long-term precipitation changes, and altered seasonal timing. Measurable climate change in this region includes increasing temperatures and more erratic rainfal ...
Scientific Facts on Arctic Climate Change
... part to human activities. Indeed, the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere has increased by 35% since the industrial revolution, mostly due to human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and the clearing of land. Continuing greenhouse gas releases are projected to cause signific ...
... part to human activities. Indeed, the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere has increased by 35% since the industrial revolution, mostly due to human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and the clearing of land. Continuing greenhouse gas releases are projected to cause signific ...
Non-CO2 greenhouse gases and climate change
... Earth’s climate is warming as a result of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2) from fossil fuel combustion. Anthropogenic emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases, such as methane, nitrous oxide and ozone-depleting substances (largely from sources other than fo ...
... Earth’s climate is warming as a result of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2) from fossil fuel combustion. Anthropogenic emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases, such as methane, nitrous oxide and ozone-depleting substances (largely from sources other than fo ...
Plant size and leaf area influence phenological and reproductive
... S2b). This temperature increase was consistent with the predictions of climatic models for the study area, ranging from 2 to 4 ◦ C by the second half of the twenty-first century (RCP 8.5 scenario, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2013). 2.1.2. Phenological and plant sampling Flowering ...
... S2b). This temperature increase was consistent with the predictions of climatic models for the study area, ranging from 2 to 4 ◦ C by the second half of the twenty-first century (RCP 8.5 scenario, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2013). 2.1.2. Phenological and plant sampling Flowering ...
Paris, for the People and the Planet
... sets what we want to see from the Paris agreement as the first step to strong global action. This is based on the evidence from our partners and poor communities of how a changing climate is impacting on them. It is based on an ethical approach, inspired by Laudato Si’, Pope Francis’ Encyclical Lett ...
... sets what we want to see from the Paris agreement as the first step to strong global action. This is based on the evidence from our partners and poor communities of how a changing climate is impacting on them. It is based on an ethical approach, inspired by Laudato Si’, Pope Francis’ Encyclical Lett ...
Public perceptions of unusually warm weather in the UK: impacts
... literacy skills. They were used in a 6-nation (Canada, USA, Mexico, Brazil, Portugal and Russia) survey of the lay public exploring perceptions of global warming reported by Dunlap (1998). A step further is the ethnographic face-to-face interview, which uses open-ended questions, follow-up probes fo ...
... literacy skills. They were used in a 6-nation (Canada, USA, Mexico, Brazil, Portugal and Russia) survey of the lay public exploring perceptions of global warming reported by Dunlap (1998). A step further is the ethnographic face-to-face interview, which uses open-ended questions, follow-up probes fo ...
Biodiversity and Climate Change - European Commission
... account of these effects. 1 IPCC (2007) “Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis”, IPCC Fourth Assessment Report ...
... account of these effects. 1 IPCC (2007) “Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis”, IPCC Fourth Assessment Report ...
The Principles and Criteria of Public Climate Finance
... nder Article 4.3 of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), developed countries committed to provide funding for the “agreed full incremental costs” of climate change in developing countries, meaning the additional costs of transforming business-asusual fossil-fuel dependent economic ...
... nder Article 4.3 of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), developed countries committed to provide funding for the “agreed full incremental costs” of climate change in developing countries, meaning the additional costs of transforming business-asusual fossil-fuel dependent economic ...
Publications
... Manabe, S., and J.L. Holloway,Jr., The Seasonal Variation of the Hydrologic Cycle as Simulated by a Global Model of the Atmosphere, Journal of Geophysical Research, 80(12):1617-1649, 1975. Hahn, D.G., and S. Manabe, The Role of Mountains in the South Asian Monsoon Circulation, Journal of the Atmosph ...
... Manabe, S., and J.L. Holloway,Jr., The Seasonal Variation of the Hydrologic Cycle as Simulated by a Global Model of the Atmosphere, Journal of Geophysical Research, 80(12):1617-1649, 1975. Hahn, D.G., and S. Manabe, The Role of Mountains in the South Asian Monsoon Circulation, Journal of the Atmosph ...
Climate Change: Top 10 Precepts for U.S. Foreign Policy
... those outside of the international regime. Finally, failure to include the major economies—particularly China—would create competitiveness concerns and make it politically difficult, if not impossible, for the United States to join a new climate regime. As reflected by most of the proposed bills in ...
... those outside of the international regime. Finally, failure to include the major economies—particularly China—would create competitiveness concerns and make it politically difficult, if not impossible, for the United States to join a new climate regime. As reflected by most of the proposed bills in ...
science-based targets
... relevant to climate change. They define carbon limits and the consequences of excessive emissions. Setting targets based on IPCC data allows businesses to position themselves for impending change, with the following benefits: INNOVATION / Companies are finding ways to strategically delink economic g ...
... relevant to climate change. They define carbon limits and the consequences of excessive emissions. Setting targets based on IPCC data allows businesses to position themselves for impending change, with the following benefits: INNOVATION / Companies are finding ways to strategically delink economic g ...
... potentially leading to higher winter floods and lower flow in late spring and summer (Safeeq et al., 2013, 2015). In any given region, however, changes in Sf would depend on overall climatic regime as well as the corresponding changes in temperature and precipitation. Specifically, areas where snow ...
COP 17 and accountants: where next? AccountAncy futures
... Today’s accountancy profession and business community face a series of daunting challenges. Whether adapting to shifts in power in the global economy, agreeing upon one global standard for financial reporting, or dealing with the continuing after-shocks of the global financial crisis, each of these ...
... Today’s accountancy profession and business community face a series of daunting challenges. Whether adapting to shifts in power in the global economy, agreeing upon one global standard for financial reporting, or dealing with the continuing after-shocks of the global financial crisis, each of these ...
Presentation Slides - Association for the Advancement of
... Introduction to most widely-recognized science-based information sources on climate change and impacts. o U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP), International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), U.S. National Academies, NASA, NOAA, the most recent AMS/NOAA State of the Climate reports, and the Au ...
... Introduction to most widely-recognized science-based information sources on climate change and impacts. o U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP), International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), U.S. National Academies, NASA, NOAA, the most recent AMS/NOAA State of the Climate reports, and the Au ...
Conference - Carbon Expo
... Over 90 countries have signaled their interest in using emissions trading, carbon taxes, and other pricing mechanisms to meet NDC commitments. While the exact features of the post-Paris world have yet to emerge, it is clear that country-driven climate action and carbon pricing and markets will play ...
... Over 90 countries have signaled their interest in using emissions trading, carbon taxes, and other pricing mechanisms to meet NDC commitments. While the exact features of the post-Paris world have yet to emerge, it is clear that country-driven climate action and carbon pricing and markets will play ...
Introduction to Integrated Environment Assessment Models
... • Diverse socio-economic scenarios • Macro and micro-economies • Local and regional boundaries • Short and long time horizons • Local and global environmental concerns • Rural and urban perspectives • Regional emissions and impact assessment • Probability and Decision under uncertainty • Technology ...
... • Diverse socio-economic scenarios • Macro and micro-economies • Local and regional boundaries • Short and long time horizons • Local and global environmental concerns • Rural and urban perspectives • Regional emissions and impact assessment • Probability and Decision under uncertainty • Technology ...
BRAZIL IN SOUTH AMERICAN INTEGRATION AND GLOBAL AND EDUARDO VIOLA (**)
... for this reason is used a lot by South American policy makers with a strong normative bias that frequently is distant from the effective reality of the integration process. South America is a region of the world with good potential for economic integration for the following reasons: continental geog ...
... for this reason is used a lot by South American policy makers with a strong normative bias that frequently is distant from the effective reality of the integration process. South America is a region of the world with good potential for economic integration for the following reasons: continental geog ...
Challenging Global Warming as a Social Problem
... In the early 1990s, social scientists began to study how social and political forces facilitated the construction of global warming as a legitimate social problem requiring ameliorative action. In explaining the variation in public attention to the issue of global warming, most early studies in the ...
... In the early 1990s, social scientists began to study how social and political forces facilitated the construction of global warming as a legitimate social problem requiring ameliorative action. In explaining the variation in public attention to the issue of global warming, most early studies in the ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""