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Infectious-Diseases
... the mouth, pharynx, vagina, cervix and anal canal. They are round or oval slightly raised above the surface, covered by whitish or greyish membrane and surrounded by a red border Some of these lesions may ulcerate. The resulting small ulcers may coalesce together and form a snail tract ulcer. ...
... the mouth, pharynx, vagina, cervix and anal canal. They are round or oval slightly raised above the surface, covered by whitish or greyish membrane and surrounded by a red border Some of these lesions may ulcerate. The resulting small ulcers may coalesce together and form a snail tract ulcer. ...
mcf_02_epidemiology
... It was not until 1960 that the causal virus of the wildebeest-associated disease was identified by Plowright and co-workers as a herpesvirus that could be isolated in cell culture provided that infected intact cells were included in the inoculum. The genome of AlHV-1 is characteristic of the gammahe ...
... It was not until 1960 that the causal virus of the wildebeest-associated disease was identified by Plowright and co-workers as a herpesvirus that could be isolated in cell culture provided that infected intact cells were included in the inoculum. The genome of AlHV-1 is characteristic of the gammahe ...
Hydatid Disease in Australian Wildlife Jul 2009
... 25mm for six months per year (Gemmel, 1958). In addition to localized faecal contamination of the environment, eggs may be dispersed by wind, rain, herbivores and insects. Eggs of E. granulosus, under Australian conditions, have been reported to remain viable for up to one year (Gemmel and Lawson, 1 ...
... 25mm for six months per year (Gemmel, 1958). In addition to localized faecal contamination of the environment, eggs may be dispersed by wind, rain, herbivores and insects. Eggs of E. granulosus, under Australian conditions, have been reported to remain viable for up to one year (Gemmel and Lawson, 1 ...
Pathology of the Liver and Biliary Tract – 5 Diseases of the Biliary Tract
... THE BILIARY TRACT – STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION ...
... THE BILIARY TRACT – STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION ...
MAJOR ZOONOSES OF DOGS AND CATS
... direct contact with infected secretions or tissues, animal bites contaminated tissue of fecal contact animal bite or scratch ...
... direct contact with infected secretions or tissues, animal bites contaminated tissue of fecal contact animal bite or scratch ...
SNAP Cats snapcats.org Provided by the Cornell Feline Health
... Cats can become infected by eating infected rodents, birds, or anything contaminated with feces from another infected cat. An infected cat can shed the parasite in its feces for up to two weeks. The parasite must then mature for one to five days before it becomes capable of causing infection. Howeve ...
... Cats can become infected by eating infected rodents, birds, or anything contaminated with feces from another infected cat. An infected cat can shed the parasite in its feces for up to two weeks. The parasite must then mature for one to five days before it becomes capable of causing infection. Howeve ...
So Your Patient has C
... Aas, J., Gessert, C.E., Bakken, J.S. (2003). Recurrent Clostridium-difficile colitis: Case series involving 18 patients treated with donor stool administered via a nasogastric tube. CID, 36, 580-585. Anthony, D.M., Reynolds, T., Patton, J., Rafter, L. (2009). Serum albumin in risk assessment for Clo ...
... Aas, J., Gessert, C.E., Bakken, J.S. (2003). Recurrent Clostridium-difficile colitis: Case series involving 18 patients treated with donor stool administered via a nasogastric tube. CID, 36, 580-585. Anthony, D.M., Reynolds, T., Patton, J., Rafter, L. (2009). Serum albumin in risk assessment for Clo ...
cholera - Home - KSU Faculty Member websites
... c- Avoiding raw fruits or vegetables unless they are first peeled. d- Hand washing after defecation, esp. before contact with food or drinking water. ...
... c- Avoiding raw fruits or vegetables unless they are first peeled. d- Hand washing after defecation, esp. before contact with food or drinking water. ...
Canine Diseases
... lymphocytes (Peyer's patches, peripheral lymph nodes, mesenteric lymph nodes, thymus, spleen) and bone marrow hypoplasia are also observed. Pulmonary edema, alveolitis, and bacterial colonization of the lungs and liver may be seen in dogs that died of complicating acute respiratory distress syndrom ...
... lymphocytes (Peyer's patches, peripheral lymph nodes, mesenteric lymph nodes, thymus, spleen) and bone marrow hypoplasia are also observed. Pulmonary edema, alveolitis, and bacterial colonization of the lungs and liver may be seen in dogs that died of complicating acute respiratory distress syndrom ...
POISONOUS PLANTS FOR DOMESTIC ANIMALS IN CATALONIA
... Due to the growing number of domestic animals, owners as well as the animals are at risk of plant poisoning. That is why plant poisoning needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis. Frequently, plant poisoning is not properly diagnosed because the identification is quite difficult, expensiv ...
... Due to the growing number of domestic animals, owners as well as the animals are at risk of plant poisoning. That is why plant poisoning needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis. Frequently, plant poisoning is not properly diagnosed because the identification is quite difficult, expensiv ...
Infection Control within an Animal Shelter
... • Cat. 1 An organism that is most unlikely to cause disease • Cat. 2 An organism that may cause disease and which might be a hazard (campylobacter, Ringworm, Bordetella, etc ) • Cat. 3 An organism that may cause severe disease and present a serious hazard. It may present a risk of spread to the comm ...
... • Cat. 1 An organism that is most unlikely to cause disease • Cat. 2 An organism that may cause disease and which might be a hazard (campylobacter, Ringworm, Bordetella, etc ) • Cat. 3 An organism that may cause severe disease and present a serious hazard. It may present a risk of spread to the comm ...
View press release - Thermo Fisher Scientific
... bTB is a major infectious disease among cattle, other farm animals and certain wildlife populations. It results from infection with Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) and is transmitted by either respiration or ingestion. It is a significant disease transmissible from animals to humans – a zoonosis -- t ...
... bTB is a major infectious disease among cattle, other farm animals and certain wildlife populations. It results from infection with Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) and is transmitted by either respiration or ingestion. It is a significant disease transmissible from animals to humans – a zoonosis -- t ...
Presentation slides - Murdoch University
... a public health approach to to antimicrobial resistance ...
... a public health approach to to antimicrobial resistance ...
Fasciolosis
Fasciolosis (also known as fascioliasis, fasciolasis, distomatosis and liver rot) is a parasitic worm infection caused by the common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica as well as by Fasciola gigantica. The disease is a plant-borne trematode zoonosis, and is classified as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). It affects humans, but its main host is ruminants such as cattle and sheep. The disease progresses through four distinct phases; an initial incubation phase of between a few days up to three months with little or no symptoms; an invasive or acute phase which may manifest with: fever, malaise, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, urticaria, anemia, jaundice, and respiratory symptoms. The disease later progresses to a latent phase with less symptoms and ultimately into a chronic or obstructive phase months to years later. In the chronic state the disease causes inflammation of the bile ducts, gall bladder and may cause gall stones as well as fibrosis. While chronic inflammation is connected to increased cancer rates it is unclear whether fasciolosis is associated with increased cancer risk.Up to half of those infected display no symptoms, and diagnosis is difficult because eggs are often missed in fecal examination. The methods of detection are through fecal examination, parasite-specific antibody detection, radiological diagnosis as well as laparotomy. In case of a suspected outbreak it may be useful to keep track of dietary history, which is also useful for exclusion of differential diagnoses. Fecal examination is generally not helpful because eggs can seldom be detected in the chronic phase of the infection and detection of eggs. Eggs appear in the feces first between 9–11 weeks post-infection. The cause of this is unknown, and the it is also difficult to distinguish between the different species of fasciola as well distinguishing them from Echinostomes and Fasciolopsis. Most immunodiagnostic tests detect infection with very high sensitivity and as concentration drops after treatment it is a very good diagnostic method. Clinically it is not possible to differentiate from other liver and bile diseases. Radiological methods can detect lesions in both acute and chronic infection, while laparotomy will detect lesions and also occasionally eggs and live worms.Because of the size of the parasite (adult F. hepatica: 20–30 × 13 mm, adult F. gigantica: 25–75×12 mm) fasciolosis is a big concern. The amount of symptoms depend on how many worms and what stage the infection is in. The death rate is significant in both sheep and cattle, but generally low among humans. Treatment with triclabendazole is highly effective against the adult worms as well as various developing stages. Praziquantel is not effective, and older drugs such as bithionol are moderately effective but also cause more side effects. Secondary bacterial infection causing cholangitis is also a concern and can be treated with antibiotics, and toxaemia may be treated with prednisolone.Humans are infected by eating watergrown plants, primarily wild grown watercress in Europe and morning glory in Asia. Infection may also occur by drinking contaminated water with floating young fasciola or when using utensils washed with contaminated water. Cultivated plants do not spread the disease in the same capacity. Human infection is rare even if the infection rate is high among animals. Especially high rates of human infection have been found in Bolivia, Peru and Egypt, and this may be due to consumption of certain foods. No vaccine is available to protect people against Fasciola infection. Preventative measures are primarily treating and immunization the livestock – which are required for the live cycle of the worms. Veterinary vaccines are in development and their use is being considered by a number of countries on account of the risk to human health and economic losses resulting from livestock infection. Other methods include using molluscicides to decrease the amount of snails that act as vectors, but it is not practical. Educational methods to decrease consumption of wild watercress and other waterplants has been shown to work in areas with a high disease burden. In some areas of the world where fascioliasis is found (endemic), special control programs are in place or are planned. The types of control measures depend on the setting (such as epidemiologic, ecologic, and cultural factors). Strict control of the growth and sale of watercress and other edible water plants is important.Individual people can protect themselves by not eating raw watercress and other water plants, especially from endemic grazing areas. Travelers to areas with poor sanitation should avoid food and water that might be contaminated (tainted). Vegetables grown in fields that might have been irrigated with polluted water should be thoroughly cooked, as should viscera from potentially infected animals. Fascioliasis occurs in Europe, Africa, the Americas as well as Oceania. Recently, worldwide losses in animal productivity due to fasciolosis were conservatively estimated at over US$3.2 billion per annum. Fasciolosis is now recognized as an emerging human disease: the World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that 2.4 million people are infected with Fasciola, and a further 180 million are at risk of infection.