Drug Metabolism Phcy 172 - University of North Carolina at
... Protein adducts, Oxidative stress, Toxicity ...
... Protein adducts, Oxidative stress, Toxicity ...
2 receptor
... JH, a 63-year-old architect, complains of urinary symptoms to his family physician. He has hypertension and the last 8 years, he has been adequately managed with a thiazide diuretic and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. During the same period, JH developed the signs of benign prostatic hyp ...
... JH, a 63-year-old architect, complains of urinary symptoms to his family physician. He has hypertension and the last 8 years, he has been adequately managed with a thiazide diuretic and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. During the same period, JH developed the signs of benign prostatic hyp ...
Hallucinogens - People Server at UNCW
... Are doses used in preclinical research too high? • neurotoxic doses in non-humans (5-20 mg/kg twice or more/day for several days) are generally higher than would be typical of human use. • However, people often take several tablets at a time or throughout a night’s binge and a tablet may contain up ...
... Are doses used in preclinical research too high? • neurotoxic doses in non-humans (5-20 mg/kg twice or more/day for several days) are generally higher than would be typical of human use. • However, people often take several tablets at a time or throughout a night’s binge and a tablet may contain up ...
What is mental life
... Major draining is through the inferior punctum – for maximum exposure you want to occlude the puctate to avoid loss of drug through the naso-lacrimal system. o Punctal occlusion = reduce systemic toxicity, avoid tasting the drops. Always occlude in pregnancy and when using -blockers! What if you th ...
... Major draining is through the inferior punctum – for maximum exposure you want to occlude the puctate to avoid loss of drug through the naso-lacrimal system. o Punctal occlusion = reduce systemic toxicity, avoid tasting the drops. Always occlude in pregnancy and when using -blockers! What if you th ...
A Stochastic Multi-Species model, SMS
... – 14 fish species (focus on commercial important species) + seals + birds – Covers approx. 80 % of fish biomass ...
... – 14 fish species (focus on commercial important species) + seals + birds – Covers approx. 80 % of fish biomass ...
Drug Fate - NAU jan.ucc.nau.edu web server
... metabolized, or altered prior to being distributed to the sites of action • Referred to as first-pass metabolism – drugs taken orally must be given at higher dosages than those injected ...
... metabolized, or altered prior to being distributed to the sites of action • Referred to as first-pass metabolism – drugs taken orally must be given at higher dosages than those injected ...
Increased Cell Proliferation by Various Doses of Xenoestrogen in
... Phenol (NP) on cell proliferation and shp2 expression in MCF-7 cell. Phps1 (2x10-8 M), BPA (10-12, 10-11, 10-10, 10-9, 10-8, 10-7, 10-6 M), N P (10-12, 10-11, 10-10, 10-9, 10-8, 10-7, 10-6 M) and was administered in MCF-7 cell, respectively. Results showed the exposure of various concentrations xeno ...
... Phenol (NP) on cell proliferation and shp2 expression in MCF-7 cell. Phps1 (2x10-8 M), BPA (10-12, 10-11, 10-10, 10-9, 10-8, 10-7, 10-6 M), N P (10-12, 10-11, 10-10, 10-9, 10-8, 10-7, 10-6 M) and was administered in MCF-7 cell, respectively. Results showed the exposure of various concentrations xeno ...
19 Common pharmacology
... • in case of hypoalbuminemia (liver diseases, kidney disease, protein starvation, elderly): increasing of free fraction of a drug, increasing of pharmacological activity, development of toxic effects • high level of connection to blood proteins: diazepam, butamid, difenin, indometacin, furosemid, q ...
... • in case of hypoalbuminemia (liver diseases, kidney disease, protein starvation, elderly): increasing of free fraction of a drug, increasing of pharmacological activity, development of toxic effects • high level of connection to blood proteins: diazepam, butamid, difenin, indometacin, furosemid, q ...
Neuraxial Opioid-Induced Pruritus: A Review
... through the release of serotonin. There are dense concentration of serotonin receptors in the dorsal part of spinal cord & the nucleus of spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve in the medulla, in which opioid receptor density is also high. These observations suggest that the 5-HT receptor may be i ...
... through the release of serotonin. There are dense concentration of serotonin receptors in the dorsal part of spinal cord & the nucleus of spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve in the medulla, in which opioid receptor density is also high. These observations suggest that the 5-HT receptor may be i ...
Antiemetic drugs
... • A gastroprokinetic agent, gastrokinetic, or prokinetic, is a type of drug which enhances gastrointestinal motility by increasing the frequency of contractions in the small intestine or making them stronger, but without disrupting their rhythm. • They are used to treat irritable bowel syndrome, gas ...
... • A gastroprokinetic agent, gastrokinetic, or prokinetic, is a type of drug which enhances gastrointestinal motility by increasing the frequency of contractions in the small intestine or making them stronger, but without disrupting their rhythm. • They are used to treat irritable bowel syndrome, gas ...
1-Antipsychotic drug..
... Dantrolene sodium: a muscle relaxant that acts by abolishing excitation contraction coupling in muscle cell ...
... Dantrolene sodium: a muscle relaxant that acts by abolishing excitation contraction coupling in muscle cell ...
Etifoxine (Stresam®) for chemotherapy-induced pain?
... In other cases, the protein under study may not be ‘‘druggable” and even if the protein is suitable for drug targeting, it may easily take a decade to bring a suitable drug candidate to the market. The present report is an exception. It not only studies the effect of a chemical compound, but this co ...
... In other cases, the protein under study may not be ‘‘druggable” and even if the protein is suitable for drug targeting, it may easily take a decade to bring a suitable drug candidate to the market. The present report is an exception. It not only studies the effect of a chemical compound, but this co ...
Unit 5 Respiratory drugs - Faculty Sites
... Promenthazine (Phenergan): motion sickness and n/v Antihistamines may also be used for vertigo and insomnia Contraindications: ◦ Hx of heart disease, narrow angle glaucoma, seizure disorder, CNS stimulation, renal impairment,or prostate disease.; no use with asthma ...
... Promenthazine (Phenergan): motion sickness and n/v Antihistamines may also be used for vertigo and insomnia Contraindications: ◦ Hx of heart disease, narrow angle glaucoma, seizure disorder, CNS stimulation, renal impairment,or prostate disease.; no use with asthma ...
classical vs. neuropeptides
... Ex) Gene regulatory proteins can activate transcription factors such as CREB, (cAMP response element binding protein) leading to enhancement or suppression of transcription. If transcription is enhanced, new gene products are made. Signaling pathways can alter gene transcription via same transcripti ...
... Ex) Gene regulatory proteins can activate transcription factors such as CREB, (cAMP response element binding protein) leading to enhancement or suppression of transcription. If transcription is enhanced, new gene products are made. Signaling pathways can alter gene transcription via same transcripti ...
Pharmacology and Toxicology
... drug. Students are introduced to the major classes of drugs and the modes of action. Toxicology is discussed with emphasis on the biochemical aspects: biotransformation of drugs and the biochemical basis of toxicity. Course Objectives At the end of the course students should be able to: 1. Describe ...
... drug. Students are introduced to the major classes of drugs and the modes of action. Toxicology is discussed with emphasis on the biochemical aspects: biotransformation of drugs and the biochemical basis of toxicity. Course Objectives At the end of the course students should be able to: 1. Describe ...
Direct cholinergic agonists
... The competitive neuromuscular blocking drugs are used to produce skeletal muscle relaxation. Succinylcholine is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker. Botulinum toxin blocks the release of acetylcholine at all cholinergic synapses. Tubocurarine: is among the drugs that compete with acetylcholine for ...
... The competitive neuromuscular blocking drugs are used to produce skeletal muscle relaxation. Succinylcholine is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker. Botulinum toxin blocks the release of acetylcholine at all cholinergic synapses. Tubocurarine: is among the drugs that compete with acetylcholine for ...
Anglická výuka
... relapses with APs signif. lower than with placebo (circa 20% vs 50%) poor adherence leads to relapse and high costs to individuals, families, carers and society stopping medication is the most powerful predictor of relapse ...
... relapses with APs signif. lower than with placebo (circa 20% vs 50%) poor adherence leads to relapse and high costs to individuals, families, carers and society stopping medication is the most powerful predictor of relapse ...
m5zn_ae5dc4b31314435
... ► 5. Immune system: Suppress immune system infection ► 6. Skin: increase histamine release itching, urticaria, ...
... ► 5. Immune system: Suppress immune system infection ► 6. Skin: increase histamine release itching, urticaria, ...
A Rough Guide to Drugs
... powder, paste or pill form. There are some stimulants that are extracted from plants such as Ephedrine and Khat. It can be snorted, ingested, injected, smoked or dabbed (rubbed into the gums and absorbed that way). When injected the effect is almost instantaneous, nearly as quick if smoked, then sno ...
... powder, paste or pill form. There are some stimulants that are extracted from plants such as Ephedrine and Khat. It can be snorted, ingested, injected, smoked or dabbed (rubbed into the gums and absorbed that way). When injected the effect is almost instantaneous, nearly as quick if smoked, then sno ...
CATECHOLAMINES - Drexel University College of Medicine
... Davis, Ph.D., Barry D. Lebowitz, Ph.D., Joanne Severe, M.S., and John K. Hsiao, M.D., for the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) Investigators* ...
... Davis, Ph.D., Barry D. Lebowitz, Ph.D., Joanne Severe, M.S., and John K. Hsiao, M.D., for the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) Investigators* ...
Chapter 14 Sedative
... alpha subunits. Benzodiazepine drugs can binds to these sites,but they don’t substitute for GABA. They appear to enhance GABA’effects without directly activating GABA receptors or opening the associated chloride channels. The enhancement in chloride ion conductance induced by the interaction of benz ...
... alpha subunits. Benzodiazepine drugs can binds to these sites,but they don’t substitute for GABA. They appear to enhance GABA’effects without directly activating GABA receptors or opening the associated chloride channels. The enhancement in chloride ion conductance induced by the interaction of benz ...
Synaptic transmission
... Transmission across electrical synapses is extremely rapid because it results from the direct flow of current from the presynaptic neuron to the postsynaptic cell. Since current flows across the membranes of all electrically coupled cells at the same time, several cells can act coordinately as one l ...
... Transmission across electrical synapses is extremely rapid because it results from the direct flow of current from the presynaptic neuron to the postsynaptic cell. Since current flows across the membranes of all electrically coupled cells at the same time, several cells can act coordinately as one l ...
Chapter 2 - VU Research Portal
... wonderful premise to study the molecular features that are important for ligand-receptor interactions. The aim of the research described in this thesis is to understand the molecular determinants of ligands and receptors that are responsible for affinity and selectivity. Ultimately, this understandi ...
... wonderful premise to study the molecular features that are important for ligand-receptor interactions. The aim of the research described in this thesis is to understand the molecular determinants of ligands and receptors that are responsible for affinity and selectivity. Ultimately, this understandi ...
Wholesaler Taskforce
... Drug detection limits into low ppt (10 ng/L) Test included Darvon, Dilantin, Prozac other antidepressants, prednisone, estrogens, caffeine, tamoxifen 8 sites positive, 16 negative Next study will include antibiotics, lipidregulators, and cardiovascular pharmaceuticals * http://www.nmenv.state.nm ...
... Drug detection limits into low ppt (10 ng/L) Test included Darvon, Dilantin, Prozac other antidepressants, prednisone, estrogens, caffeine, tamoxifen 8 sites positive, 16 negative Next study will include antibiotics, lipidregulators, and cardiovascular pharmaceuticals * http://www.nmenv.state.nm ...
Toxicodynamics
Toxicodynamics, termed pharmacodynamics in pharmacology, describes the dynamic interactions of a toxicant with a biological target and its biological effects. A biological target, also known as the site of action, can be binding proteins, ion channels, DNA, or a variety of other receptors. When a toxicant enters an organism, it can interact with these receptors and produce structural or functional alterations. The mechanism of action of the toxicant, as determined by a toxicant’s chemical properties, will determine what receptors are targeted and the overall toxic effect at the cellular level and organismal level.Toxicants have been grouped together according to their chemical properties by way of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs), which allows prediction of toxic action based on these properties. endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and carcinogens are examples of classes of toxicants that can act as QSARs. EDCs mimic or block transcriptional activation normally caused by natural steroid hormones. These types of chemicals can act on androgen receptors, estrogen receptors and thyroid hormone receptors. This mechanism can include such toxicants as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Another class of chemicals, carcinogens, are substances that cause cancer and can be classified as genotoxic or nongenotoxic carcinogens. These categories include toxicants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The process of toxicodynamics can be useful for application in environmental risk assessment by implementing toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) models. TKTD models include phenomenas such as time-varying exposure, carry-over toxicity, organism recovery time, effects of mixtures, and extrapolation to untested chemicals and species. Due to their advantages, these types of models may be more applicable for risk assessment than traditional modeling approaches.