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मराठ% &व( सा+ह-य-&व(: /डस1बर २००९ – जानेवार7 २०१०                          :ैमा<सक वष? २१ वे अंक Cतसरा 
मराठ% &व( सा+ह-य-&व(: /डस1बर २००९ – जानेवार7 २०१०                          :ैमा<सक वष? २१ वे अंक Cतसरा 

... Can we really compress the sun to such a small sphere? We almost can. Let us first see why the sun shines and why it stays the size it is. It shines because the Hydrogen inside it is being converted to Helium (and the Helium to higher elements). These fusion processes are what produce the heat and l ...
Introduction to Astrophysics Tutorial 4: Supernovae
Introduction to Astrophysics Tutorial 4: Supernovae

Astronomy Unit Notes
Astronomy Unit Notes

... Star = a hot, glowing sphere of gas that produces energy by fusion (of hydrogen molecules). Some stars produce more energy therefore they are hotter. Nebula = a cloud of dust and gas where stars are born. Here gravity pulls particles together and fusion starts at 10,000,000 oC and a star is born. ...
Dark matter
Dark matter

Diversity of Life Card Game
Diversity of Life Card Game

... 3. Moon 4. Mars 5. Earth 6. Jupiter 7. Sun 8. Solar System 9. Galaxy 10. Cluster of galaxies Step 2: Offer Hints as Needed: Ask the students to respond to these hints before showing the solution, when offering help. You can give one or more hints as needed. Space Shuttle Hint: The length of the Spac ...
The SUN - MindMeister
The SUN - MindMeister

the incredible shrinking cloud
the incredible shrinking cloud

... You and your friends decide to race marbles in a giant funnel. All of your marbles are the same size but have different weights. You release the marbles at the same time and with the same force. Answer the following questions; 1. Predict the results of the race. ...
Elemental Abundances
Elemental Abundances

... • Li, Be and B are very scarce, mostly destroyed in the harsh environment of stellar interiors • Li abundance comes from measurements in meteorites; it is still lower in the solar photosphere because of destruction by mixing with hotter layers below. • Abundant in primary cosmic rays as a result of ...
Solutions
Solutions

... (a) Will the rate at which the Sun converts some of its mass to energy be higher or lower when it is a red giant as compared to now? Why? (b) Do you expect that the pressure near the surface, but inside the Sun, will be higher when the Sun is a red giant than it is now? Why? (c) Do you expect the so ...
Combining Practices with Core Ideas in the NGSS
Combining Practices with Core Ideas in the NGSS

... the distance to a star the baseline is the diameter of Earth’s orbit around the sun. To show the evidence that the sun and stars are made from the same elements, I could have the students use a diffraction grating to see that the spectrum of a light source is like a fingerprint, and share the ninete ...
Document
Document

... miles in diameter). Long days (24 hours to ...
The Formation of the Solar System
The Formation of the Solar System

... • Angular Momentum and Gravity are clearly understood • Nebula are very real and very common – We can see stars in different phases of development when we observe nebular through a telescope. ...
Scale of the Solar System
Scale of the Solar System

Final Exam, Dec. 19, 2015 - Physics@Brock
Final Exam, Dec. 19, 2015 - Physics@Brock

The Solar System
The Solar System

... Solar System, the Jovian planets were not impacted by the high temperatures and pressure from the Sun. These planets are made up of the less dense elements that were pushed out of the inner solar system. ...
Star in a Box
Star in a Box

Stellar Luminosities
Stellar Luminosities

... • When we learn how to get distances beyond the limits of parallax and sample many more stars, we will find there are stars that are stars that are 106 times the luminosity of the Sun. • This is an enormous range in energy output from stars. This is an important clue in figuring out how they produce ...
Chapter 9 The Sun - Otto
Chapter 9 The Sun - Otto

... • 3rd nucleus has less mass than sum of two nuclei • Mass converted to energy E = mc2 • Need high temperature to overcome charge repulsion ...
Problem Set 6 for Astro 320 Read sections 11.2
Problem Set 6 for Astro 320 Read sections 11.2

... use L = 4πR2 σT 4 to find R = L/(4πσT 4 ) = 5.8 × 109 m. Alternatively, one can look at Figure 13.7, check that the L and T agree with point 3, and just use R=3.94 R . Now, the KH timescale is just ∆E/L, where ∆E = P E/2(virial theorem)= (3/10)GM 2 /R = 0.3 ∗ 6.7 × 10−11 ∗ (5 ∗ 2 × 1030 )2 /5.8 × 1 ...
Study Guide Our Solar System Student Note: The upcoming test on
Study Guide Our Solar System Student Note: The upcoming test on

... Like the sun’s interior, its atmosphere is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium. The sun’s atmosphere includes the photosphere, the chromosphere and the corona. Each layer has unique properties. The photosphere is the inner layer which you see when you look at the sun. The chromosphere is the midd ...
Comets and Asteroids
Comets and Asteroids

... Sun but are too small to be considered planets. They are known as minor planets Asteroids range in size from Ceres, which has a diameter of about 1000 km, down to the size of pebbles. Sixteen asteroids have a diameter of 240 km or greater Most, are found in the main belt that exists between the orbi ...
Stellar Evolution - Academic Computer Center
Stellar Evolution - Academic Computer Center

... • When a star uses up the Hydrogen in its core it can no longer support itself against gravity. • The core compresses and temperatures begin to rise. • Temperatures may get high enough outside the core to begin The life cycle of a star like the Sun Hydrogen fusion there instead. • The pressure from ...
Part 2: Solar System Formation
Part 2: Solar System Formation

... gravitational pull and collect gas around them. – Ice is ten times more abundant than silicates and iron compounds, therefore there is more planet building material in the outer solar system. • Planets in the inner nebula can not grow enough to collect much gas. • Eventually most but not all of the ...
9-Unit 1Chapter 11 Workbook
9-Unit 1Chapter 11 Workbook

Life Cycle of a Star
Life Cycle of a Star

... • As the sun runs out of hydrogen the outer layers of the sun will become cooler • They will also expand massively. • The Earth (along with Mercury, Venus and Mars) will be swallowed up. ...
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Standard solar model

The standard solar model (SSM) is a mathematical treatment of the Sun as a spherical ball of gas (in varying states of ionisation, with the hydrogen in the deep interior being a completely ionised plasma). This model, technically the spherically symmetric quasi-static model of a star, has stellar structure described by several differential equations derived from basic physical principles. The model is constrained by boundary conditions, namely the luminosity, radius, age and composition of the Sun, which are well determined. The age of the Sun cannot be measured directly; one way to estimate it is from the age of the oldest meteorites, and models of the evolution of the Solar System. The composition in the photosphere of the modern-day Sun, by mass, is 74.9% hydrogen and 23.8% helium. All heavier elements, called metals in astronomy, account for less than 2 percent of the mass. The SSM is used to test the validity of stellar evolution theory. In fact, the only way to determine the two free parameters of the stellar evolution model, the helium abundance and the mixing length parameter (used to model convection in the Sun), are to adjust the SSM to ""fit"" the observed Sun.
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