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Introduction to Topological Groups
Introduction to Topological Groups

PDF ( 40 )
PDF ( 40 )

THE GEOMETRY OF TORIC VARIETIES
THE GEOMETRY OF TORIC VARIETIES

the topology of ultrafilters as subspaces of the cantor set and other
the topology of ultrafilters as subspaces of the cantor set and other

arXiv:1311.6308v2 [math.AG] 27 May 2016
arXiv:1311.6308v2 [math.AG] 27 May 2016

Topology Proceedings - topo.auburn.edu
Topology Proceedings - topo.auburn.edu

... Lemma 3.1 ([4]). Let X be a GO-space. Then X is hereditarily paracompact iff X − {x} is paracompact for each point x ∈ X. Lemma 3.2. Let X, Y be GO-spaces. If Y has both a left and a right endpoint, and (1) if A is discrete in X and B is discrete in Y , then A ∗ B is discrete in the GOTP(X ∗ Y ); (2 ...
Download PDF
Download PDF

Some Remarks on Closure and Strong Continuity* - An
Some Remarks on Closure and Strong Continuity* - An

Separation Axioms Via Kernel Set in Topological Spaces
Separation Axioms Via Kernel Set in Topological Spaces

Galois Extensions of Structured Ring Spectra
Galois Extensions of Structured Ring Spectra

... In other words, for a faithful E-local G-Galois extension A → B with B connected there is a bijective contravariant Galois correspondence K ↔ C = B hK between the subgroups of G and the weak equivalence classes of separable A-algebras mapping faithfully to B. The inverse correspondence takes C to K ...
m-Closed Sets in Topological Spaces
m-Closed Sets in Topological Spaces

FUZZY PSEUDOTOPOLOGICAL HYPERGROUPOIDS 1
FUZZY PSEUDOTOPOLOGICAL HYPERGROUPOIDS 1

Sβ−COMPACTNESS IN L-TOPOLOGICAL SPACES
Sβ−COMPACTNESS IN L-TOPOLOGICAL SPACES

On a fuzzy topological structure
On a fuzzy topological structure

Near topology and nearly continuous functions
Near topology and nearly continuous functions

on if generalized* minimal open set
on if generalized* minimal open set

Abstract Simplicial Complexes
Abstract Simplicial Complexes

... Summary. In this article we define the notion of abstract simplicial complexes and operations on them. We introduce the following basic notions: simplex, face, vertex, degree, skeleton, subdivision and substructure, and prove some of their properties. ...
Weakly Perfect Generalized Ordered Spaces
Weakly Perfect Generalized Ordered Spaces

IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM)
IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM)

Locally ringed spaces and manifolds
Locally ringed spaces and manifolds

Functional Analysis Lecture Notes
Functional Analysis Lecture Notes

Lecture Notes on Smale Spaces
Lecture Notes on Smale Spaces

... Next, we turn to the definition of irreducibility. Definition 1.1.4. Let X be a topological space and let f be a homeomorphism of X. We say the system (X, f ) is irreducible if, for every (ordered) pair of non-empty open sets, U, V , there is a positive integer n such that f n (U ) ∩ V is non-empty. ...
Second duals of measure algebras
Second duals of measure algebras

rings of real-valued continuous functions. i
rings of real-valued continuous functions. i

... set {tt«}".! of functions in S(X, R) which are positive everywhere. We shall show that there exists a neighborhood IL¿(0) in (S(X, R) which contains no neighborhood U»-„(0). Let bn = 2-lmm [vi(pn), ir2(pn), ■ • ■ , irn(pn)], for n = \, 2, 3, ■ ■ ■ . There obviously exists a function a in S(i?, R) su ...
Definitions of compactness and the axiom of choice
Definitions of compactness and the axiom of choice

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Fundamental group

In the mathematics of algebraic topology, the fundamental group is a mathematical group associated to any given pointed topological space that provides a way to determine when two paths, starting and ending at a fixed base point, can be continuously deformed into each other. It records information about the basic shape, or holes, of the topological space. The fundamental group is the first and simplest homotopy group. The fundamental group is a topological invariant: homeomorphic topological spaces have the same fundamental group.Fundamental groups can be studied using the theory of covering spaces, since a fundamental group coincides with the group of deck transformations of the associated universal covering space. The abelianization of the fundamental group can be identified with the first homology group of the space. When the topological space is homeomorphic to a simplicial complex, its fundamental group can be described explicitly in terms of generators and relations.Henri Poincaré defined the fundamental group in 1895 in his paper ""Analysis situs"". The concept emerged in the theory of Riemann surfaces, in the work of Bernhard Riemann, Poincaré, and Felix Klein. It describes the monodromy properties of complex-valued functions, as well as providing a complete topological classification of closed surfaces.
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