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Chapter 12 Nuclear Physics
... stable nuclide. The radioactive nuclide can emit particle rays and be changed into another nuclide. This phenomenon is regarded as nuclear decay (原子核衰变). ...
... stable nuclide. The radioactive nuclide can emit particle rays and be changed into another nuclide. This phenomenon is regarded as nuclear decay (原子核衰变). ...
Phy107Fall06Lect30
... • But the nuclei are different. They have different number of neutrons. These are called isotopes. • Difference is most easily seen in the binding energy. • Nuclei that are bound more tightly are less likely to ‘fall apart’. • In fact ...
... • But the nuclei are different. They have different number of neutrons. These are called isotopes. • Difference is most easily seen in the binding energy. • Nuclei that are bound more tightly are less likely to ‘fall apart’. • In fact ...
ELECTRON CLOUD MODEL
... around the nucleus. This cloud area shows that electrons do not orbit the nucleus in definite paths, but are likely to be in a given region at any particular time. ‘Modern Electron ...
... around the nucleus. This cloud area shows that electrons do not orbit the nucleus in definite paths, but are likely to be in a given region at any particular time. ‘Modern Electron ...
From Electrons to Quarks
... ! how many forces? ! dierences/similarities? What is mass? What is charge? ...
... ! how many forces? ! dierences/similarities? What is mass? What is charge? ...
The stability of an atom depends on the ratio and number of protons
... All elements form a number of radionuclides, although the half-lives of many are so short that they are not observed in nature. Even the lightest element, hydrogen, has a wellknownradioisotope: tritium. The heaviest elements (heavier than bismuth) exist only as radionuclides. For every chemical elem ...
... All elements form a number of radionuclides, although the half-lives of many are so short that they are not observed in nature. Even the lightest element, hydrogen, has a wellknownradioisotope: tritium. The heaviest elements (heavier than bismuth) exist only as radionuclides. For every chemical elem ...
Formative 1
... b. Use the net force calculated above to determine the acceleration of this bag if its mass is about 6 kg. (2 A) F = ma, therefore a = F/m = 34.5/6 = 5.75 m/s2 ...
... b. Use the net force calculated above to determine the acceleration of this bag if its mass is about 6 kg. (2 A) F = ma, therefore a = F/m = 34.5/6 = 5.75 m/s2 ...
Parts of an atoms - Mr-Durands
... Quarks—Even Smaller Particles • Scientists theorize that an arrangement of three quarks held together with the strong nuclear force produces a proton. • Another arrangement of three quarks produces a neutron ...
... Quarks—Even Smaller Particles • Scientists theorize that an arrangement of three quarks held together with the strong nuclear force produces a proton. • Another arrangement of three quarks produces a neutron ...
Banana Equivalent Dose - Glasgow Experimental Particle Physics
... Rutherford interpreted these results as the scaFering of the alpha par-cle from a very small dense core of posi-ve charge in the centre of the atom: the nucleus Ernest Rutherford: “it was quite the mo ...
... Rutherford interpreted these results as the scaFering of the alpha par-cle from a very small dense core of posi-ve charge in the centre of the atom: the nucleus Ernest Rutherford: “it was quite the mo ...
File
... of an atom is found in the nucleus. Adding up the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, you get the atom’s mass number (related to atomic mass and atomic weight). Atoms of the same element always have the same atomic number ( # of protons ), but may have different mass numbers. These are ca ...
... of an atom is found in the nucleus. Adding up the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, you get the atom’s mass number (related to atomic mass and atomic weight). Atoms of the same element always have the same atomic number ( # of protons ), but may have different mass numbers. These are ca ...
nuclear power point File
... 1 eV (electron-volt) is a unit of energy equal to 1.602 x 10-19 J. It is related to the energy of an electron as it accelerates through a potential difference of one volt. So it would take (8.97 x 109) x 1.602 x 10-19 J to break apart one iron atom. It would take (6.0221 x 1023) x (8.97 x 109) x (1. ...
... 1 eV (electron-volt) is a unit of energy equal to 1.602 x 10-19 J. It is related to the energy of an electron as it accelerates through a potential difference of one volt. So it would take (8.97 x 109) x 1.602 x 10-19 J to break apart one iron atom. It would take (6.0221 x 1023) x (8.97 x 109) x (1. ...
Force and Inertia
... The actual force is electricity, but the atoms are so small we can treat the forces as coming from contact by larger objects. ...
... The actual force is electricity, but the atoms are so small we can treat the forces as coming from contact by larger objects. ...
Phys214 Final Exam
... perpendicular to its plane. The coil encloses an area of 0.03 m2. If the flux through the coil is reduced to zero by removing it from the field in a time of 0.25 s, what is the induced voltage in the coil? A. B. C. D. E. ...
... perpendicular to its plane. The coil encloses an area of 0.03 m2. If the flux through the coil is reduced to zero by removing it from the field in a time of 0.25 s, what is the induced voltage in the coil? A. B. C. D. E. ...
Nuclear force
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ReidForce2.jpg?width=300)
The nuclear force (or nucleon–nucleon interaction or residual strong force) is the force between protons and neutrons, subatomic particles that are collectively called nucleons. The nuclear force is responsible for binding protons and neutrons into atomic nuclei. Neutrons and protons are affected by the nuclear force almost identically. Since protons have charge +1 e, they experience a Coulomb repulsion that tends to push them apart, but at short range the nuclear force is sufficiently attractive as to overcome the electromagnetic repulsive force. The mass of a nucleus is less than the sum total of the individual masses of the protons and neutrons which form it. The difference in mass between bound and unbound nucleons is known as the mass defect. Energy is released when nuclei break apart, and it is this energy that used in nuclear power and nuclear weapons.The nuclear force is powerfully attractive between nucleons at distances of about 1 femtometer (fm, or 1.0 × 10−15 metres) between their centers, but rapidly decreases to insignificance at distances beyond about 2.5 fm. At distances less than 0.7 fm, the nuclear force becomes repulsive. This repulsive component is responsible for the physical size of nuclei, since the nucleons can come no closer than the force allows. By comparison, the size of an atom, measured in angstroms (Å, or 1.0 × 10−10 m), is five orders of magnitude larger. The nuclear force is not simple, however, since it depends on the nucleon spins, has a tensor component, and may depend on the relative momentum of the nucleons.A quantitative description of the nuclear force relies on partially empirical equations that model the internucleon potential energies, or potentials. (Generally, forces within a system of particles can be more simply modeled by describing the system's potential energy; the negative gradient of a potential is equal to the vector force.) The constants for the equations are phenomenological, that is, determined by fitting the equations to experimental data. The internucleon potentials attempt to describe the properties of nucleon–nucleon interaction. Once determined, any given potential can be used in, e.g., the Schrödinger equation to determine the quantum mechanical properties of the nucleon system.The discovery of the neutron in 1932 revealed that atomic nuclei were made of protons and neutrons, held together by an attractive force. By 1935 the nuclear force was conceived to be transmitted by particles called mesons. This theoretical development included a description of the Yukawa potential, an early example of a nuclear potential. Mesons, predicted by theory, were discovered experimentally in 1947. By the 1970s, the quark model had been developed, which showed that the mesons and nucleons were composed of quarks and gluons. By this new model, the nuclear force, resulting from the exchange of mesons between neighboring nucleons, is a residual effect of the strong force.