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Teacher Guide
... The energy released by radioactive substances can be harnessed to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant. This energy also can be used to create a massive explosion in a nuclear bomb. ...
... The energy released by radioactive substances can be harnessed to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant. This energy also can be used to create a massive explosion in a nuclear bomb. ...
Element Builder Vocabulary
... The energy released by radioactive substances can be harnessed to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant. This energy also can be used to create a massive explosion in a nuclear bomb. ...
... The energy released by radioactive substances can be harnessed to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant. This energy also can be used to create a massive explosion in a nuclear bomb. ...
7.1
... • The existence of isotopes is evidence for the existence of neutrons because there is no other way to explain the mass difference of two isotopes of the same element. • By definition, two isotopes of the same element must have the same number of protons, which means the mass attributed to those pro ...
... • The existence of isotopes is evidence for the existence of neutrons because there is no other way to explain the mass difference of two isotopes of the same element. • By definition, two isotopes of the same element must have the same number of protons, which means the mass attributed to those pro ...
Basic Properties of Nuclei
... Starting point: nuclear density ~ constant, thus the nucleus is like an (electrically charged) liquid drop (Liquid drop model) The nucleons interact only with neighbors. If all nucleon was „inner” one, then the total binding energy would be B = bVA. (bV is the binding energy of one „inner” nucleon) ...
... Starting point: nuclear density ~ constant, thus the nucleus is like an (electrically charged) liquid drop (Liquid drop model) The nucleons interact only with neighbors. If all nucleon was „inner” one, then the total binding energy would be B = bVA. (bV is the binding energy of one „inner” nucleon) ...
t 1/2
... The difference is a measure of the nuclear binding energy Calculated from the Einstein relationship: E = Δmc2 For the alpha particle Δm= 0.0304 u which gives a binding energy of 28.3 MeV. ...
... The difference is a measure of the nuclear binding energy Calculated from the Einstein relationship: E = Δmc2 For the alpha particle Δm= 0.0304 u which gives a binding energy of 28.3 MeV. ...
Enrichment Opportunities: Atoms
... curiosity has shown us things smaller than anyone thought existed – first the atom and then subatomic particles. But scientists didn’t stop with protons, electrons, and neutrons. Instead, they devised sophisticated instruments called particle accelerators to take a close look at subatomic particles. ...
... curiosity has shown us things smaller than anyone thought existed – first the atom and then subatomic particles. But scientists didn’t stop with protons, electrons, and neutrons. Instead, they devised sophisticated instruments called particle accelerators to take a close look at subatomic particles. ...
Newton`s Laws Review
... 1. The acceleration of an inertial reference frame is ___________(zero, non-zero, constant), meaning, it either moves with a ____________________ (constant acceleration, constant velocity) or it is at rest. 2. Draw a free-body-diagram for a person standing on the ground. The forces involved are the ...
... 1. The acceleration of an inertial reference frame is ___________(zero, non-zero, constant), meaning, it either moves with a ____________________ (constant acceleration, constant velocity) or it is at rest. 2. Draw a free-body-diagram for a person standing on the ground. The forces involved are the ...
Physical Science Worksheet: Force Short Answer 1. The SI unit of
... in. You are driving at 37 m/s when you suddenly decide to accelerate to 73 m/s. It takes you 14 s to accelerate. What is the average net force that you have applied to the car? 15. The upward force on an object falling through the air is ____. 16. A feather will fall through the air more slowly than ...
... in. You are driving at 37 m/s when you suddenly decide to accelerate to 73 m/s. It takes you 14 s to accelerate. What is the average net force that you have applied to the car? 15. The upward force on an object falling through the air is ____. 16. A feather will fall through the air more slowly than ...
study guide: atomic theory quest study guide: atomic
... Describe how Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, & Bohr contributed to the theory of atom structure Describe the structure of an atom using the terms protons, neutrons, electrons, shells, and nucleus Define “subatomic particle” and give the charge and relative mass of the subatomic particles Define atomic ...
... Describe how Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, & Bohr contributed to the theory of atom structure Describe the structure of an atom using the terms protons, neutrons, electrons, shells, and nucleus Define “subatomic particle” and give the charge and relative mass of the subatomic particles Define atomic ...
From Quantum Mechanics to String Theory
... which carry energy and momentum inconsistent with their masses using quantum uncertainty. This leads to a decrease of force strength with distance, and in the case of massive mediators, an effective range for the force particle interactions are limited by conservation laws: energy, momentum, angular ...
... which carry energy and momentum inconsistent with their masses using quantum uncertainty. This leads to a decrease of force strength with distance, and in the case of massive mediators, an effective range for the force particle interactions are limited by conservation laws: energy, momentum, angular ...
Quantum mechanics is the theory that we use to describe the
... responsible. However Newtonian mechanics does not specify any mechanism by which force is transferred, except in the most basic sense. It tells us that when an object is in contact with another you have some force between them. Newton’s laws tell you what the effect of a force is, and how to calcul ...
... responsible. However Newtonian mechanics does not specify any mechanism by which force is transferred, except in the most basic sense. It tells us that when an object is in contact with another you have some force between them. Newton’s laws tell you what the effect of a force is, and how to calcul ...
Nuclear force
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ReidForce2.jpg?width=300)
The nuclear force (or nucleon–nucleon interaction or residual strong force) is the force between protons and neutrons, subatomic particles that are collectively called nucleons. The nuclear force is responsible for binding protons and neutrons into atomic nuclei. Neutrons and protons are affected by the nuclear force almost identically. Since protons have charge +1 e, they experience a Coulomb repulsion that tends to push them apart, but at short range the nuclear force is sufficiently attractive as to overcome the electromagnetic repulsive force. The mass of a nucleus is less than the sum total of the individual masses of the protons and neutrons which form it. The difference in mass between bound and unbound nucleons is known as the mass defect. Energy is released when nuclei break apart, and it is this energy that used in nuclear power and nuclear weapons.The nuclear force is powerfully attractive between nucleons at distances of about 1 femtometer (fm, or 1.0 × 10−15 metres) between their centers, but rapidly decreases to insignificance at distances beyond about 2.5 fm. At distances less than 0.7 fm, the nuclear force becomes repulsive. This repulsive component is responsible for the physical size of nuclei, since the nucleons can come no closer than the force allows. By comparison, the size of an atom, measured in angstroms (Å, or 1.0 × 10−10 m), is five orders of magnitude larger. The nuclear force is not simple, however, since it depends on the nucleon spins, has a tensor component, and may depend on the relative momentum of the nucleons.A quantitative description of the nuclear force relies on partially empirical equations that model the internucleon potential energies, or potentials. (Generally, forces within a system of particles can be more simply modeled by describing the system's potential energy; the negative gradient of a potential is equal to the vector force.) The constants for the equations are phenomenological, that is, determined by fitting the equations to experimental data. The internucleon potentials attempt to describe the properties of nucleon–nucleon interaction. Once determined, any given potential can be used in, e.g., the Schrödinger equation to determine the quantum mechanical properties of the nucleon system.The discovery of the neutron in 1932 revealed that atomic nuclei were made of protons and neutrons, held together by an attractive force. By 1935 the nuclear force was conceived to be transmitted by particles called mesons. This theoretical development included a description of the Yukawa potential, an early example of a nuclear potential. Mesons, predicted by theory, were discovered experimentally in 1947. By the 1970s, the quark model had been developed, which showed that the mesons and nucleons were composed of quarks and gluons. By this new model, the nuclear force, resulting from the exchange of mesons between neighboring nucleons, is a residual effect of the strong force.