Annex 6 - Defra Science Search
... Virulent strains of Escherichia coli (enteropathogenic [EPEC], enterohaemorrhagic [EHEC] and enterotoxigenic [ETEC] strains) can cause gastroenteritis, urinary tract infections, and neonatal meningitis. Infections with multi-resistant E. coli are an important public health problem. Transmission of ...
... Virulent strains of Escherichia coli (enteropathogenic [EPEC], enterohaemorrhagic [EHEC] and enterotoxigenic [ETEC] strains) can cause gastroenteritis, urinary tract infections, and neonatal meningitis. Infections with multi-resistant E. coli are an important public health problem. Transmission of ...
Infectious Mononucleosis
... 10). Splenic rupture is most likely to occur within the first three weeks of infections so it is important to monitor the athlete’s condition before allowing them to participate in physical activity, (Krfczyk, 10) especially contact and collision sports (Putukian, 310). ...
... 10). Splenic rupture is most likely to occur within the first three weeks of infections so it is important to monitor the athlete’s condition before allowing them to participate in physical activity, (Krfczyk, 10) especially contact and collision sports (Putukian, 310). ...
China`s Heath Care System and Avian Influenza Preparedness
... though the mortality rate is high, at 150%. No clusters of cases in humans in any country have been documented conclusively as being caused by human-to-human transmission. Past influenza pandemics, such as that caused by the influenza A(H1N1) virus in 1918–1919, resulted in large numbers of deaths, ...
... though the mortality rate is high, at 150%. No clusters of cases in humans in any country have been documented conclusively as being caused by human-to-human transmission. Past influenza pandemics, such as that caused by the influenza A(H1N1) virus in 1918–1919, resulted in large numbers of deaths, ...
Serology: Screening for Vaccine Preventable Diseases
... and function in neutralisation, antibodydependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and fixation of complement. • The antibody titre usually reaches a peak at about 2 to 6 weeks after infection and then ...
... and function in neutralisation, antibodydependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and fixation of complement. • The antibody titre usually reaches a peak at about 2 to 6 weeks after infection and then ...
Rapid spread of emerging Zika virus in the Pacific area. Clinical
... Subsequently, sporadic human infections were reported in Africa and Asia. In 2007, the first large documented ZIKV outbreak was reported from Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia [2]. No further transmission was identified in the Pacific until October 2013, when French Polynesia (FP) reported the ...
... Subsequently, sporadic human infections were reported in Africa and Asia. In 2007, the first large documented ZIKV outbreak was reported from Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia [2]. No further transmission was identified in the Pacific until October 2013, when French Polynesia (FP) reported the ...
Targeting the Virus with Radioimmunotherapy in Virus-Associated Cancers
... which is caused by HPV. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cervical cancer is the second most common cause of female cancer mortality in the world. WHO estimated the number of cervical cancer deaths to have been 250,000 in 2006. In the United States alone, cervical cancer has a major ...
... which is caused by HPV. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cervical cancer is the second most common cause of female cancer mortality in the world. WHO estimated the number of cervical cancer deaths to have been 250,000 in 2006. In the United States alone, cervical cancer has a major ...
Viruses - AP Biology
... control bacterial infections in humans. Bacteria are not defenseless, however. First, natural selection favors bacterial mutants with receptors that are no longer recognized by a particular type of phage. Second, when phage DNA successfully enters a bacterium, the DNA often is identified as foreign a ...
... control bacterial infections in humans. Bacteria are not defenseless, however. First, natural selection favors bacterial mutants with receptors that are no longer recognized by a particular type of phage. Second, when phage DNA successfully enters a bacterium, the DNA often is identified as foreign a ...
HERPESVIRIDAE
... • Know the difference between immediateearly, early and late genes and their roles in disease and tumours. • List the major diseases in each species of animals and the tissue-tropism of the causative virus ...
... • Know the difference between immediateearly, early and late genes and their roles in disease and tumours. • List the major diseases in each species of animals and the tissue-tropism of the causative virus ...
Management - Toi Te Ora
... washing, cough etiquette and other personal hygiene measures should be stressed. People with an influenza-like illness should be considered potentially contagious from one day before to 7 days following illness onset. This may vary from 5 days to more than 10 days, and children are more likely to ha ...
... washing, cough etiquette and other personal hygiene measures should be stressed. People with an influenza-like illness should be considered potentially contagious from one day before to 7 days following illness onset. This may vary from 5 days to more than 10 days, and children are more likely to ha ...
HUMAN HERPESVIRUS
... Virus enters via mucosa of URT and oropharynx or via the conjunctiva Viral replication occurs in primary site and virus disseminates via the blood stream. Virus replication then occurs in cells of the reticuloendothelial system (blood mononuclear cells) Virus replication is initially limited by spec ...
... Virus enters via mucosa of URT and oropharynx or via the conjunctiva Viral replication occurs in primary site and virus disseminates via the blood stream. Virus replication then occurs in cells of the reticuloendothelial system (blood mononuclear cells) Virus replication is initially limited by spec ...
The Global Network for Avian Influenza Surveillance Act (GNAIS
... currently confined to wild birds and domestic poultry, the H5N1 strain has the potential to become a human influenza pandemic and kill millions of people like a similar strain did in 1918. Scientists agree that avian influenzas may be spread through wild bird migrations or through the trade of wild ...
... currently confined to wild birds and domestic poultry, the H5N1 strain has the potential to become a human influenza pandemic and kill millions of people like a similar strain did in 1918. Scientists agree that avian influenzas may be spread through wild bird migrations or through the trade of wild ...
Bioweapons - Texas A&M University–Central Texas
... on highly nationalist web sites – but no trials in 1954…) ...
... on highly nationalist web sites – but no trials in 1954…) ...
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... surrounded by a loosely applied, lipid containing envelop. The envelope is acquired during the budding process through the nuclear membrane in to a cytoplasmic vacuole which contains the protein components of the envelop. Mature viruses exit the cell by reverse pinocytosis. Serologic tests do not de ...
... surrounded by a loosely applied, lipid containing envelop. The envelope is acquired during the budding process through the nuclear membrane in to a cytoplasmic vacuole which contains the protein components of the envelop. Mature viruses exit the cell by reverse pinocytosis. Serologic tests do not de ...
Taking Care of a Sick Person in Your Home
... Novel H1N1 flu virus infection (formerly known as swine flu) can cause a wide range of symptoms, including fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. Some people have reported diarrhea and vomiting associated with novel H1N1 flu. Like seasonal flu, novel H1N1 flu in humans ...
... Novel H1N1 flu virus infection (formerly known as swine flu) can cause a wide range of symptoms, including fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. Some people have reported diarrhea and vomiting associated with novel H1N1 flu. Like seasonal flu, novel H1N1 flu in humans ...
ionic strength can be anti-microbial Many microbes survive less in
... • High hydrostatic pressure is being developed as a process to inactivate microbes in certain foods, such as shellfish – Several 100s of MPa of pressure for several minutes inactivates viruses and bacteria in a time- and pressure-dependent manner ...
... • High hydrostatic pressure is being developed as a process to inactivate microbes in certain foods, such as shellfish – Several 100s of MPa of pressure for several minutes inactivates viruses and bacteria in a time- and pressure-dependent manner ...
Microbial Survival in the Environment: with Special Attention to
... • High hydrostatic pressure is being developed as a process to inactivate microbes in certain foods, such as shellfish – Several 100s of MPa of pressure for several minutes inactivates viruses and bacteria in a time- and pressure-dependent manner ...
... • High hydrostatic pressure is being developed as a process to inactivate microbes in certain foods, such as shellfish – Several 100s of MPa of pressure for several minutes inactivates viruses and bacteria in a time- and pressure-dependent manner ...
MERS-COV and other viruses transmitted through
... ●A novel coronavirus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), causing severe respiratory illness emerged in 2012 in Saudi Arabia. Many additional cases and clusters of MERS-CoV infections have been detected subsequently in the Arabian Peninsula, particularly in Saudi Arabia , Isola ...
... ●A novel coronavirus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), causing severe respiratory illness emerged in 2012 in Saudi Arabia. Many additional cases and clusters of MERS-CoV infections have been detected subsequently in the Arabian Peninsula, particularly in Saudi Arabia , Isola ...
Viruses as a cause of foodborne diseases: a review of the literature
... Viruses are strict intracellular parasites and cannot replicate outside a specific living cell. The host cell treats viral genetic information as if it were its own. Replication of viruses occurs by transcription and translation of the viral genome using host cell mechanisms. It is not possible to c ...
... Viruses are strict intracellular parasites and cannot replicate outside a specific living cell. The host cell treats viral genetic information as if it were its own. Replication of viruses occurs by transcription and translation of the viral genome using host cell mechanisms. It is not possible to c ...
Modern Uses of Electron Microscopy for Detection of Viruses
... stool specimens from these cattle demonstrated a second population of spherical particles of 37 nm resembling picobirnavirus (10). In a 10-year study of poult enteritis, dual viruses were found; rotavirus-like viruses and small round viruses ranging from 15 to 30 nm were detected, but there was no e ...
... stool specimens from these cattle demonstrated a second population of spherical particles of 37 nm resembling picobirnavirus (10). In a 10-year study of poult enteritis, dual viruses were found; rotavirus-like viruses and small round viruses ranging from 15 to 30 nm were detected, but there was no e ...
IDSA, SHEA, and PIDS Joint Policy Statement on Mandatory
... (PIDS) (“Societies”) support universal immunization of health care personnel (HCP) by health care employers (HCEs) as recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for HCP.* Although some voluntary HCP vaccination progr ...
... (PIDS) (“Societies”) support universal immunization of health care personnel (HCP) by health care employers (HCEs) as recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for HCP.* Although some voluntary HCP vaccination progr ...
Influenza Virus Vaccine USP Fluzone®
... cannot be ensured consistently in the early fall. Scheduling campaigns after mid-October will minimize the need for cancellations because vaccine is unavailable,1 and will ensure that priority is given to high-risk persons. If regional influenza activity is expected to begin earlier than December, v ...
... cannot be ensured consistently in the early fall. Scheduling campaigns after mid-October will minimize the need for cancellations because vaccine is unavailable,1 and will ensure that priority is given to high-risk persons. If regional influenza activity is expected to begin earlier than December, v ...
EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE THE DEADLY MENACE
... Infusions) and electrolyte replacement and blood transfusion. ...
... Infusions) and electrolyte replacement and blood transfusion. ...
this reprint - Virus
... in nature, if not the laboratory. Yet, they have rarely been systematically studied for possible effects of one virus on the other, with most documented interactions having been discovered accidently. It is certainly true that coinfection may not result in interactions for all virus species. However ...
... in nature, if not the laboratory. Yet, they have rarely been systematically studied for possible effects of one virus on the other, with most documented interactions having been discovered accidently. It is certainly true that coinfection may not result in interactions for all virus species. However ...
The Attachment Protein of Hendra Virus Has High
... 1996; Wang et al., 1998; Yu et al., 1998). Transcription initiation (59-AGGACCCAAG-39) and termination sequences (59ATTAAGAAAAA-39) were identified on the basis of their conservation with other members of the subfamily and other HeV genes characterized so far (Lamb and Kolakofsky, 1996; Wang et al., ...
... 1996; Wang et al., 1998; Yu et al., 1998). Transcription initiation (59-AGGACCCAAG-39) and termination sequences (59ATTAAGAAAAA-39) were identified on the basis of their conservation with other members of the subfamily and other HeV genes characterized so far (Lamb and Kolakofsky, 1996; Wang et al., ...
Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.