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How your body decides if bacteria are friends or foes
... Infection – your options § What happens when a pathogen invades our bodies? § There are two options: • It may be detected and removed by our immune system • It avoids our immune systems and takes hold (an infection ensues) • Antibiotics is the only option then ...
... Infection – your options § What happens when a pathogen invades our bodies? § There are two options: • It may be detected and removed by our immune system • It avoids our immune systems and takes hold (an infection ensues) • Antibiotics is the only option then ...
upper respiratory tract infections `cat flu`
... In multi-cat households, particularly where new cats are continually arriving (rescue, boarding or breeding), vaccination alone may not be sufficient to control the problem. In these households isolation and quarantine is also required. Disinfection, whilst an important part of disease control gene ...
... In multi-cat households, particularly where new cats are continually arriving (rescue, boarding or breeding), vaccination alone may not be sufficient to control the problem. In these households isolation and quarantine is also required. Disinfection, whilst an important part of disease control gene ...
Immune Response to Killed Very Virulent Infectious
... The bursa to body weight ratio, were remained unchanged in the ECAP15 and ECAP20 groups. It was reported that no bursa to body weight ratio changes of chicken administered with BGM-70 attenuated and inactivated IN and STC strains of IBDV and the control group (Hassan & Saif, 1996). Histopathological ...
... The bursa to body weight ratio, were remained unchanged in the ECAP15 and ECAP20 groups. It was reported that no bursa to body weight ratio changes of chicken administered with BGM-70 attenuated and inactivated IN and STC strains of IBDV and the control group (Hassan & Saif, 1996). Histopathological ...
infectious diseases
... • It is transmitted when droplets from an infected person’s cough or sneeze are inhaled. • Symptoms, which include fatigue, weight loss, a mild fever, and a constant cough, may not show up for many years after the initial infection. ...
... • It is transmitted when droplets from an infected person’s cough or sneeze are inhaled. • Symptoms, which include fatigue, weight loss, a mild fever, and a constant cough, may not show up for many years after the initial infection. ...
Joint ECDC RIVM RKI Rapid Risk Assessment Schmallenberg virus
... In order to assess the extent of the outbreak in the EU, EFSA collected epidemiological data, at herd/flock level and animal level, from affected Member States. The collected data covered the period from 1 August 2011 to 16 April 2012, updating the previously published report on the epidemiological ...
... In order to assess the extent of the outbreak in the EU, EFSA collected epidemiological data, at herd/flock level and animal level, from affected Member States. The collected data covered the period from 1 August 2011 to 16 April 2012, updating the previously published report on the epidemiological ...
Influenza: An Impending Pandemic
... − Peak viral shedding—first three days of illness Subsides usually by fifth to seventh day in adults − Can be ten or more days in children Approximately 50% of infected people do not present any symptoms but are still contagious ...
... − Peak viral shedding—first three days of illness Subsides usually by fifth to seventh day in adults − Can be ten or more days in children Approximately 50% of infected people do not present any symptoms but are still contagious ...
Slide 1
... • It is transmitted when droplets from an infected person’s cough or sneeze are inhaled. • Symptoms, which include fatigue, weight loss, a mild fever, and a constant cough, may not show up for many years after the initial infection. ...
... • It is transmitted when droplets from an infected person’s cough or sneeze are inhaled. • Symptoms, which include fatigue, weight loss, a mild fever, and a constant cough, may not show up for many years after the initial infection. ...
Infection Control - Nicole
... The main functions of gloves are to: Protect the hands of the wearer from contamination with organic matter and microorganisms Protect the hands of the wearer from exposure to chemicals that may damage your skin Reduce cross infection by preventing the transfer of organisms from person to pers ...
... The main functions of gloves are to: Protect the hands of the wearer from contamination with organic matter and microorganisms Protect the hands of the wearer from exposure to chemicals that may damage your skin Reduce cross infection by preventing the transfer of organisms from person to pers ...
OME (otitis media with effusion)
... -SNOUT = only in test with increased sensitivity if test is -ve => rule out disease -SPIN = only in test with increased specificity if test is +ve => rule in disease --------------------------------------------------------------------------------(follicular bacterial skin infections): follicititis / ...
... -SNOUT = only in test with increased sensitivity if test is -ve => rule out disease -SPIN = only in test with increased specificity if test is +ve => rule in disease --------------------------------------------------------------------------------(follicular bacterial skin infections): follicititis / ...
A release-competent influenza A virus mutant lacking the coding
... inhibitor-resistant mutants selected in vitro and often precede drug-selected changes in the NA (McKimm-Breschkin, 2000). Influenza viruses with substitutions in the NA active site and reduced sensitivity in enzyme inhibition assays have occasionally been recovered from people treated with NA inhibi ...
... inhibitor-resistant mutants selected in vitro and often precede drug-selected changes in the NA (McKimm-Breschkin, 2000). Influenza viruses with substitutions in the NA active site and reduced sensitivity in enzyme inhibition assays have occasionally been recovered from people treated with NA inhibi ...
Powerpoint - International AIDS Society
... IRIS is a common occurrence in HIV-infected children starting HAART in Peru Incidence and range of causes was similar to those found in other studies Future studies should examine risk factors so patients more susceptible can be identified and treated ...
... IRIS is a common occurrence in HIV-infected children starting HAART in Peru Incidence and range of causes was similar to those found in other studies Future studies should examine risk factors so patients more susceptible can be identified and treated ...
Introduction to Waterborne Pathogens
... 0.1% population excretes Salmonella at a given time most common bacterial pathogen in wastewater primarily foodborne (beef, poultry, milk, eggs), but also transmitted by water ...
... 0.1% population excretes Salmonella at a given time most common bacterial pathogen in wastewater primarily foodborne (beef, poultry, milk, eggs), but also transmitted by water ...
Tutorial 2 - neutralposture
... Detection of pp65 in circulating lymphocytes is used as a diagnostic tool for infectious mononucleosis. Treatment of infectious mononucleosis includes the administration of anti-viral agents. ...
... Detection of pp65 in circulating lymphocytes is used as a diagnostic tool for infectious mononucleosis. Treatment of infectious mononucleosis includes the administration of anti-viral agents. ...
adaptation of an indigenous very virulent infectious bursal disease
... (2002). The growth medium of each flask was removed and cell monolayer was washed twice with prewarmed phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Then the Vero cells were infected by 0.25 ml of IBDV using 0.2 µm pore size filter (Whatman International Ltd., England). The inoculum was spread uniformly over the ...
... (2002). The growth medium of each flask was removed and cell monolayer was washed twice with prewarmed phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Then the Vero cells were infected by 0.25 ml of IBDV using 0.2 µm pore size filter (Whatman International Ltd., England). The inoculum was spread uniformly over the ...
View / pdf version of this article
... birth. Genital herpes can cause severe systemic disease in neonates and those who are immune suppressed. ...
... birth. Genital herpes can cause severe systemic disease in neonates and those who are immune suppressed. ...
International Collaboration for the Genomics of HIV
... - It’s now unethical to observe the natural history of HIV infection ...
... - It’s now unethical to observe the natural history of HIV infection ...
The length of BTV-8 viraemia in cattle according to infection doses
... animals. Amongst these, the real time RT-PCR is undoubtedly one of the most sensitive and commonly used diagnostic test. It is characterised by having a very high sensitivity and specificity. It could then represent the optimal solution to prevent trading of viraemic animals which is likely the major ...
... animals. Amongst these, the real time RT-PCR is undoubtedly one of the most sensitive and commonly used diagnostic test. It is characterised by having a very high sensitivity and specificity. It could then represent the optimal solution to prevent trading of viraemic animals which is likely the major ...
Slapped face syndrome
... bright red face, as though it has been slapped. It is also called erythema infectiosum and fifth disease because it is fifth in line after the other well-known infections that cause a similar rash, namely, measles, rubella, scarlet fever and a general non-specific viral infection. ...
... bright red face, as though it has been slapped. It is also called erythema infectiosum and fifth disease because it is fifth in line after the other well-known infections that cause a similar rash, namely, measles, rubella, scarlet fever and a general non-specific viral infection. ...
4. Serological Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases
... Gummas are localized areas of granulomatous inflammation found on bones, skin and subcutaneous tissue. Contain lymphocytes, plasma cells and perivascular inflammation. ...
... Gummas are localized areas of granulomatous inflammation found on bones, skin and subcutaneous tissue. Contain lymphocytes, plasma cells and perivascular inflammation. ...
Glossary - ItrainOnline
... as viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites, tagging them for removal. In the case of HIV, an infected person produces antibodies, but these do not eradicate the virus from the body, because the virus “hides” inside cells, and rapidly changes (through genetic mutation) the shape of its outer surface s ...
... as viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites, tagging them for removal. In the case of HIV, an infected person produces antibodies, but these do not eradicate the virus from the body, because the virus “hides” inside cells, and rapidly changes (through genetic mutation) the shape of its outer surface s ...
Growth of different infectious bursal disease virus strains in cell lines
... inoculation. It was observed that histological changes in cell lines increased in severity with the time post inoculation. It was recorded that vvIBDV (993) strain resulted in lesion scores similar to virulent (J1) strain, while both vaccine strains resulted into similar lesion scores which are less ...
... inoculation. It was observed that histological changes in cell lines increased in severity with the time post inoculation. It was recorded that vvIBDV (993) strain resulted in lesion scores similar to virulent (J1) strain, while both vaccine strains resulted into similar lesion scores which are less ...
Bacterial Infection and Immunity
... stimulating large numbers of T cells to proliferate but, because of the release of cytokines from T cells, ultimately suppressing the immune response and allowing the pathogen to multilply. Evade the immune defenses by altering their antigenic structure—an example is that influenza virus undergoes a ...
... stimulating large numbers of T cells to proliferate but, because of the release of cytokines from T cells, ultimately suppressing the immune response and allowing the pathogen to multilply. Evade the immune defenses by altering their antigenic structure—an example is that influenza virus undergoes a ...
MRSA & Bloodborne Pathogens
... **Pathogenic microorganisms that can potentially cause disease **Universal Precautions ...
... **Pathogenic microorganisms that can potentially cause disease **Universal Precautions ...
Serological Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases
... Gummas are localized areas of granulomatous inflammation found on bones, skin and subcutaneous tissue. Contain lymphocytes, plasma cells and perivascular inflammation. ...
... Gummas are localized areas of granulomatous inflammation found on bones, skin and subcutaneous tissue. Contain lymphocytes, plasma cells and perivascular inflammation. ...
EQUINE INFLUENZA SYMPTOMS
... • Limit people's access to brood mare and foaling barn(s). • Separate breeding horses from others • Limit people's access to barns housing horses returning from major shows or events • Have a separate area for horses that are continually moving to and from the farm to shows, races and competitions. ...
... • Limit people's access to brood mare and foaling barn(s). • Separate breeding horses from others • Limit people's access to barns housing horses returning from major shows or events • Have a separate area for horses that are continually moving to and from the farm to shows, races and competitions. ...
Herpes simplex virus
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Herpes_simplex_virus_TEM_B82-0474_lores.jpg?width=300)
Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), also known as human herpesvirus 1 and 2 (HHV-1 and HHV-2), are two members of the herpesvirus family, Herpesviridae, that infect humans. Both HSV-1 (which produces most cold sores) and HSV-2 (which produces most genital herpes) are ubiquitous and contagious. They can be spread when an infected person is producing and shedding the virus. Herpes simplex can be spread through contact with saliva, such as sharing drinks.Symptoms of herpes simplex virus infection include watery blisters in the skin or mucous membranes of the mouth, lips or genitals. Lesions heal with a scab characteristic of herpetic disease. Sometimes, the viruses cause very mild or atypical symptoms during outbreaks. However, as neurotropic and neuroinvasive viruses, HSV-1 and -2 persist in the body by becoming latent and hiding from the immune system in the cell bodies of neurons. After the initial or primary infection, some infected people experience sporadic episodes of viral reactivation or outbreaks. In an outbreak, the virus in a nerve cell becomes active and is transported via the neuron's axon to the skin, where virus replication and shedding occur and cause new sores. It is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections.