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Tick-borne encephalitis - ECDC
... TBE virus is transmitted by the bite of infected ticks. Humans may acquire infection also by consumption of infected unpasteurised dairy products. TBE virus is not directly transmitted from human to human, apart from the possibility of vertical transmission from an infected mother to the foetus. Lab ...
... TBE virus is transmitted by the bite of infected ticks. Humans may acquire infection also by consumption of infected unpasteurised dairy products. TBE virus is not directly transmitted from human to human, apart from the possibility of vertical transmission from an infected mother to the foetus. Lab ...
Sexually Transmitted Infections
... • 1978 - IgA protease production in both N. gonorrheae and N. meningiditis may explain why these are pathogenic and other strains are not. • 2006 – geneomes of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Neisseriaceae are known, so structure and function of secreted proteins is known ...
... • 1978 - IgA protease production in both N. gonorrheae and N. meningiditis may explain why these are pathogenic and other strains are not. • 2006 – geneomes of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Neisseriaceae are known, so structure and function of secreted proteins is known ...
Avian Disease Testing: What`s New and What`s Accurate
... Technique-Amplification of bornavirus-specific DNA sequence to produce detectable levels Notes-Still under development, best used in conjunction with clinical and radiographic signs, as well as crop biopsy for ante-mortem diagnosis 3. Polyoma Virus: Clinical disease occurs in young psittacines A. Se ...
... Technique-Amplification of bornavirus-specific DNA sequence to produce detectable levels Notes-Still under development, best used in conjunction with clinical and radiographic signs, as well as crop biopsy for ante-mortem diagnosis 3. Polyoma Virus: Clinical disease occurs in young psittacines A. Se ...
Overview Pediatric HIV Program & IMPAACT/PACTG Vaccine
... CDC clinical category N, A, B, C (excluding subjects with acute CDC-C complications) and Documented CD4(+) T-cell count of ≥20% and ≥350 cells/mm3 HIV-1 RNA viral load <400 copies/mL for at least 12 months Stable HAART regimen (drugs of at least 2 different classes) without interruptions for ...
... CDC clinical category N, A, B, C (excluding subjects with acute CDC-C complications) and Documented CD4(+) T-cell count of ≥20% and ≥350 cells/mm3 HIV-1 RNA viral load <400 copies/mL for at least 12 months Stable HAART regimen (drugs of at least 2 different classes) without interruptions for ...
HOSPITAL KUALA KUBU BHARU PHARMACY BULLETIN
... people with pre-existing medical conditions (diabetes; cancer; and chronic lung, heart, and kidney disease) ...
... people with pre-existing medical conditions (diabetes; cancer; and chronic lung, heart, and kidney disease) ...
Lettuce chlorosis virus
... 1998). Lettuce plants showing pronounced LCV symptoms had a significantly reduced mean head weight (486 g for diseased lettuces compared to 697 g for healthy ones). However, asymptomatic virus-infected plants show little yield losses. In this trial, it was difficult to conclude whether yield losses ...
... 1998). Lettuce plants showing pronounced LCV symptoms had a significantly reduced mean head weight (486 g for diseased lettuces compared to 697 g for healthy ones). However, asymptomatic virus-infected plants show little yield losses. In this trial, it was difficult to conclude whether yield losses ...
BBP Refresher Training
... wounds, cut in the skin, through your eyes or mouth. • Pathogens can also be transmitted sexually ...
... wounds, cut in the skin, through your eyes or mouth. • Pathogens can also be transmitted sexually ...
Kennel cough
... the initial and mild stages, eating and exercising normally. Complications may include the development of fever, and in more rare cases, pneumonia. The incubation period varies depending on the agent, from 3 up to 10 days. The clinical signs last about 7 to 21 days. An affected dog can keep spreadin ...
... the initial and mild stages, eating and exercising normally. Complications may include the development of fever, and in more rare cases, pneumonia. The incubation period varies depending on the agent, from 3 up to 10 days. The clinical signs last about 7 to 21 days. An affected dog can keep spreadin ...
Simultaneous detection of vaccinal and field infectious bursal
... the American continent, antigenic variant viruses are present on poultry farms. These viruses do not cause an inflammatory reaction in the bursa during infection but severe atrophy of the bursa and immune suppression are observed. Serotype 2 viruses found in turkeys are not pathogenic for chickens o ...
... the American continent, antigenic variant viruses are present on poultry farms. These viruses do not cause an inflammatory reaction in the bursa during infection but severe atrophy of the bursa and immune suppression are observed. Serotype 2 viruses found in turkeys are not pathogenic for chickens o ...
Slow Virus Diseases of the Central Nervous System
... In SSPE, the final isolation of the infectious measles virus was slow in being achieved, although we had ample indirect evidence that it was the cause. Its study provides a lesson for the investigation of any disease which may have a persistent, latent viral etiology. We had extended to SSPE our ori ...
... In SSPE, the final isolation of the infectious measles virus was slow in being achieved, although we had ample indirect evidence that it was the cause. Its study provides a lesson for the investigation of any disease which may have a persistent, latent viral etiology. We had extended to SSPE our ori ...
Chlamydia trachomatis
... specimens made on microscope slides, stained with fluorescein conjugated monoclonal antibodies and viewed by UV microscopy the direct fluorescent antibody test. Results can be obtained within a ...
... specimens made on microscope slides, stained with fluorescein conjugated monoclonal antibodies and viewed by UV microscopy the direct fluorescent antibody test. Results can be obtained within a ...
Reparatory tract infection
... urine test looking for specific antibodies to the specific organism. ...
... urine test looking for specific antibodies to the specific organism. ...
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Hazards for Travelers in Africa
... transporting and thus spreading infected ticks over large distances. Ticks also act as reservoir hosts, as the virus is passed down transovarially from one generation of ticks to the next. It is not surprising, therefore, that C-CHF occurs in large areas of eastern Europe, the Mediterranean region, ...
... transporting and thus spreading infected ticks over large distances. Ticks also act as reservoir hosts, as the virus is passed down transovarially from one generation of ticks to the next. It is not surprising, therefore, that C-CHF occurs in large areas of eastern Europe, the Mediterranean region, ...
Viral Hepatitis_HIV
... blood products is one of the most efficient methods of viral transmission, and infections have been traced to tattooing, ear piercing, acupuncture, and drug abuse. Neonatal transmission also appears to occur during childbirth. Virus can be sexually transmitted. ...
... blood products is one of the most efficient methods of viral transmission, and infections have been traced to tattooing, ear piercing, acupuncture, and drug abuse. Neonatal transmission also appears to occur during childbirth. Virus can be sexually transmitted. ...
CHLAMYDIA and CHLAMYDOPHILA
... – In females the infection is usually (80%) asymptomatic but symptoms can include cervicitis, urethritis, and salpingitis. Premature delivery and an increased rate of ectopic pregnancy due to salpingitis can occur. In males, the infection is usually ...
... – In females the infection is usually (80%) asymptomatic but symptoms can include cervicitis, urethritis, and salpingitis. Premature delivery and an increased rate of ectopic pregnancy due to salpingitis can occur. In males, the infection is usually ...
refractoriness of Indian Aedes aegypti to oral Infection with Yellow
... In sylvatic cycle, the transmission occurs between Aedes mosquitoes and monkey in the forest, as monkeys are the main reservoirs. In urban areas, Ae. aegypti mosquitoes transmit the virus to humans3,4. An estimated 200,000 cases of yellow fever occurs each year worldwide, with the case-fatality rate ...
... In sylvatic cycle, the transmission occurs between Aedes mosquitoes and monkey in the forest, as monkeys are the main reservoirs. In urban areas, Ae. aegypti mosquitoes transmit the virus to humans3,4. An estimated 200,000 cases of yellow fever occurs each year worldwide, with the case-fatality rate ...
Slide 1
... Replication defective viral parasite Enveloped, circular RNA virus surrounded by delta antigen core surrounded by HBsAg-containing ...
... Replication defective viral parasite Enveloped, circular RNA virus surrounded by delta antigen core surrounded by HBsAg-containing ...
INFECTIOUS HAEMATOPOIETIC NECROSIS
... render the use of fish serology more widely acceptable for diagnostic purposes. However, when present, a positive serological response is considered presumptive evidence of past exposure to IHNV (Jorgensen et al., 1991). ...
... render the use of fish serology more widely acceptable for diagnostic purposes. However, when present, a positive serological response is considered presumptive evidence of past exposure to IHNV (Jorgensen et al., 1991). ...
Update to Viral Hemorrhagic Fever - Council of State and Territorial
... Ebola and Marburg viruses have not yet been fully characterized; however, strong virologic, molecular, and serologic data suggest that fruit bats are an important host for these viruses. Outbreaks can occur when a patient infected through zoonotic exposure transmits the virus to other close human co ...
... Ebola and Marburg viruses have not yet been fully characterized; however, strong virologic, molecular, and serologic data suggest that fruit bats are an important host for these viruses. Outbreaks can occur when a patient infected through zoonotic exposure transmits the virus to other close human co ...
Overview The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak in
... in the United States during this outbreak. The HPAI H5N2 virus has been the most common. The viruses are not the same as the viruses detected overseas that have caused human illness. The Centers for Disease Control considers the risk for illness in people related to these viruses to be low. There ar ...
... in the United States during this outbreak. The HPAI H5N2 virus has been the most common. The viruses are not the same as the viruses detected overseas that have caused human illness. The Centers for Disease Control considers the risk for illness in people related to these viruses to be low. There ar ...
1-month
... CNS toxoplasmosis (outside the neonatal period) Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection • Extrapulmonary cryptococcosis including meningitis • Chronic Cryptosporidiosis, Isosporiasis ...
... CNS toxoplasmosis (outside the neonatal period) Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection • Extrapulmonary cryptococcosis including meningitis • Chronic Cryptosporidiosis, Isosporiasis ...
infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr)
... latently infected animals so reducing the spread of infection within the herd. They are therefore recommended for use in IBR eradication programmes. Recently developed IBR vaccines can also differentiate between natural infection and vaccination: • CONVENTIONAL VACCINES. These generate the same immu ...
... latently infected animals so reducing the spread of infection within the herd. They are therefore recommended for use in IBR eradication programmes. Recently developed IBR vaccines can also differentiate between natural infection and vaccination: • CONVENTIONAL VACCINES. These generate the same immu ...
PP 37.VP - UP w Poznaniu
... Apple mosaic virus was not detected in any of the trees tested in both locations. Apple stem grooving virus was detected only in mixed infections with Apple chlorotic ringspot virus. From the total of 183 tested apple trees from two orchards, over 50% of trees were infected with ACLSV. The virus was ...
... Apple mosaic virus was not detected in any of the trees tested in both locations. Apple stem grooving virus was detected only in mixed infections with Apple chlorotic ringspot virus. From the total of 183 tested apple trees from two orchards, over 50% of trees were infected with ACLSV. The virus was ...
12 L.Interventions for Clients with Infection
... microorganisms to prevent infections. Colonization is the microorganism present in tissue, but not yet causing symptomatic disease. ...
... microorganisms to prevent infections. Colonization is the microorganism present in tissue, but not yet causing symptomatic disease. ...
Herpes simplex virus
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Herpes_simplex_virus_TEM_B82-0474_lores.jpg?width=300)
Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), also known as human herpesvirus 1 and 2 (HHV-1 and HHV-2), are two members of the herpesvirus family, Herpesviridae, that infect humans. Both HSV-1 (which produces most cold sores) and HSV-2 (which produces most genital herpes) are ubiquitous and contagious. They can be spread when an infected person is producing and shedding the virus. Herpes simplex can be spread through contact with saliva, such as sharing drinks.Symptoms of herpes simplex virus infection include watery blisters in the skin or mucous membranes of the mouth, lips or genitals. Lesions heal with a scab characteristic of herpetic disease. Sometimes, the viruses cause very mild or atypical symptoms during outbreaks. However, as neurotropic and neuroinvasive viruses, HSV-1 and -2 persist in the body by becoming latent and hiding from the immune system in the cell bodies of neurons. After the initial or primary infection, some infected people experience sporadic episodes of viral reactivation or outbreaks. In an outbreak, the virus in a nerve cell becomes active and is transported via the neuron's axon to the skin, where virus replication and shedding occur and cause new sores. It is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections.