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... means they have to rely on other organisms to provide them with food. These bacteria have to break down, or decompose, other living things to obtain energy. Very few bacteria cause illness. Some bacteria are used to make food, such as cheese and yogurt. Scientists have genetically engineered a type ...
C274/SQP368 Biology NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
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Cell organelles Flash Cards

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Chapter 11 - John A. Ferguson Senior High School
Chapter 11 - John A. Ferguson Senior High School

... activates another protein, which activates another, and so on, until the protein producing the response is activated • At each step, the signal is transduced into a different form, usually a shape change in a protein ...
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Cytokinesis



Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.
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