Skeletal Muscle Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (N
... and Immunoblotting Two anti-N-CAM antibodies were used in the present study. These were the anti-N-CAM mAb H28 (15) and rabbit anti-mouse muscle N-CAM antisera. The latter reagent was produced as follows. Mouse G8-1 cells were grown to confluence and extracted with 1% NP-40 in Tris-buffered saline ( ...
... and Immunoblotting Two anti-N-CAM antibodies were used in the present study. These were the anti-N-CAM mAb H28 (15) and rabbit anti-mouse muscle N-CAM antisera. The latter reagent was produced as follows. Mouse G8-1 cells were grown to confluence and extracted with 1% NP-40 in Tris-buffered saline ( ...
Axon guidance and synaptic development
... 2. Target cells have corresponding markers 3. Markers are the product of cellular differentiation 4. Axonal growth is actively directed by markers to ...
... 2. Target cells have corresponding markers 3. Markers are the product of cellular differentiation 4. Axonal growth is actively directed by markers to ...
Oxidative Stress: Antagonistic Signaling for
... activates SA and other hormone-controlled signaling, which produces intercellular signal(s) that stimulate a further burst of ROS, leading to cell death and the development of lesions (Mühlenbock et al., 2008; Straus et al., 2010). However, at some point, the spread of lesions is contained and the ...
... activates SA and other hormone-controlled signaling, which produces intercellular signal(s) that stimulate a further burst of ROS, leading to cell death and the development of lesions (Mühlenbock et al., 2008; Straus et al., 2010). However, at some point, the spread of lesions is contained and the ...
1Memstruc
... A. the cell cortex only binds to membrane lipids. B. barriers created by tight-junctions offers a better explanation. C. anchored proteins would show essentially no motion at all in the membrane. D. binding to the cell cortex would not limit the movement of the proteins. Recent analysis has shown th ...
... A. the cell cortex only binds to membrane lipids. B. barriers created by tight-junctions offers a better explanation. C. anchored proteins would show essentially no motion at all in the membrane. D. binding to the cell cortex would not limit the movement of the proteins. Recent analysis has shown th ...
Concept 39.2: Plant hormones help coordinate growth, development
... • Polar transport of auxin from leaf margins directs leaf venation pattern • The activity of the vascular cambium is under control of auxin transport ...
... • Polar transport of auxin from leaf margins directs leaf venation pattern • The activity of the vascular cambium is under control of auxin transport ...
CycD1, a Putative G1 Cyclin from Antirrhinum majus, Accelerates
... However, constitutive expression of positive cell cycle regulators can be difficult to interpret because an effect in one phase of the cycle may be masked by compensatory changes in another. Cooper (1998) argued that it is not possible to distinguish the phase-specific effects of G1 cyclin expressio ...
... However, constitutive expression of positive cell cycle regulators can be difficult to interpret because an effect in one phase of the cycle may be masked by compensatory changes in another. Cooper (1998) argued that it is not possible to distinguish the phase-specific effects of G1 cyclin expressio ...
Query Table Table Table Shared Tables Quick Start Guide
... arrangement of Lists of Lists to represent the table and it’s data. To work with a Table Table in your fixture you need to read the List based representation, and to return results you need to produce the same list based data structure. The black TableTable object converts FitNesse/SLiM tables into ...
... arrangement of Lists of Lists to represent the table and it’s data. To work with a Table Table in your fixture you need to read the List based representation, and to return results you need to produce the same list based data structure. The black TableTable object converts FitNesse/SLiM tables into ...
Hyperosmotic stress-induced actin filament reorganization in leaf
... perinuclear AF cages (Fig. 2D). In differentiating and mature cells AF bundles emerging from the perinuclear cytoplasm entered the transvacuolar cytoplasmic strands, often reaching the cell cortex (Fig. 2G). AF organization in plasmolysed cells In plasmolysed cells, the AF cytoskeleton is signi®cant ...
... perinuclear AF cages (Fig. 2D). In differentiating and mature cells AF bundles emerging from the perinuclear cytoplasm entered the transvacuolar cytoplasmic strands, often reaching the cell cortex (Fig. 2G). AF organization in plasmolysed cells In plasmolysed cells, the AF cytoskeleton is signi®cant ...
MEIOSIS, Sexual Reproduction and Gender
... 4) The first cell after fertilization: 4. State the number of copies of each gene that are contained in the following. 1) Cells before meiosis: 2) Cells after meiosis I: 3) Cells after meiosis II: 4) The first cell after fertilization: 5. State the total number of chromosomes in the cells. 1) Cells ...
... 4) The first cell after fertilization: 4. State the number of copies of each gene that are contained in the following. 1) Cells before meiosis: 2) Cells after meiosis I: 3) Cells after meiosis II: 4) The first cell after fertilization: 5. State the total number of chromosomes in the cells. 1) Cells ...
Bio 103 Lecture - Origin and Evolution of Micr
... • What were the characteristics of the atmosphere of early earth? • How much oxygen was present in the early earth's atmosphere, how much is present today and to what activity is the difference attributed? • What was the temperature (general) of the early earth, what caused that temperature, what wa ...
... • What were the characteristics of the atmosphere of early earth? • How much oxygen was present in the early earth's atmosphere, how much is present today and to what activity is the difference attributed? • What was the temperature (general) of the early earth, what caused that temperature, what wa ...
Essential embryonic roles of the CKI-1 cyclin
... Smith and Rothman, 1998; Rose and Kemphues, 1998; Labouesse and Mango, 1999), the factors that respond to specification cues and cause cells to divide and arrest division at the appropriate time have been largely unexplored. Here we report the embryonic function of the C. elegans cki-1 and cki-2 gen ...
... Smith and Rothman, 1998; Rose and Kemphues, 1998; Labouesse and Mango, 1999), the factors that respond to specification cues and cause cells to divide and arrest division at the appropriate time have been largely unexplored. Here we report the embryonic function of the C. elegans cki-1 and cki-2 gen ...
S-layer Structure in Bacteria and Archaea
... with layered supramolecular architectures surrounding the cytoplasmic membrane. Of the finest examples of such supramolecular cell wall components are surface or S-layers. These regular paracrystalline pericellular structures were first observed in the bacterium Spirillum serpens and in the archaeum ...
... with layered supramolecular architectures surrounding the cytoplasmic membrane. Of the finest examples of such supramolecular cell wall components are surface or S-layers. These regular paracrystalline pericellular structures were first observed in the bacterium Spirillum serpens and in the archaeum ...
Meiosis I
... During telophase I, a nuclear membrane forms around each cluster of chromosomes. Cytokinesis follows telophase I, forming two new haploid cells containing chromosome sets different than the parent cell. ...
... During telophase I, a nuclear membrane forms around each cluster of chromosomes. Cytokinesis follows telophase I, forming two new haploid cells containing chromosome sets different than the parent cell. ...
RNA Processing Bodies, Peroxisomes, Golgi Bodies, Mitochondria
... et al. 2010). Interestingly, although actin filaments sustain long-distance transport of plant organelles, it has recently been observed that microtubules influence short-distance behavior, causing pauses for both peroxisomes (Chuong et al. 2005) and the Golgi (Crowell et al. 2009, Gutierrez et al. ...
... et al. 2010). Interestingly, although actin filaments sustain long-distance transport of plant organelles, it has recently been observed that microtubules influence short-distance behavior, causing pauses for both peroxisomes (Chuong et al. 2005) and the Golgi (Crowell et al. 2009, Gutierrez et al. ...
The Small GTPases Rho and Rac Are Required for the
... and Hall, 1996; Zigmond, 1996). Studies in fibroblasts revealed that members of the Rho family modulate different aspects of actin organization and cell morphology, i.e., stress fibers, lamellipodia, and filopodia are regulated by Rho, Rac, and Cdc42, respectively (Ridley and Hall, 1992; Ridley et a ...
... and Hall, 1996; Zigmond, 1996). Studies in fibroblasts revealed that members of the Rho family modulate different aspects of actin organization and cell morphology, i.e., stress fibers, lamellipodia, and filopodia are regulated by Rho, Rac, and Cdc42, respectively (Ridley and Hall, 1992; Ridley et a ...
Infrared spectroscopic study of bryostatin 1
... (Bryo 1) induces significant alterations in the membranes of WSU-CLL cells (a drug-resistant B-CLL cell line), changes which may play an important role in the mechanism of reduced drug resistance of B-CLL cells to 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2CdA). However, it is not clear whether the plasma membranes o ...
... (Bryo 1) induces significant alterations in the membranes of WSU-CLL cells (a drug-resistant B-CLL cell line), changes which may play an important role in the mechanism of reduced drug resistance of B-CLL cells to 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2CdA). However, it is not clear whether the plasma membranes o ...
Solar Cell
... Figure 6. (a) Close up of a screen used for printing the front contact of a solar cell. During printing, metal paste is forced through the wire mesh in unmasked areas. The size of the wire mesh determines the minimum width of the fingers. Finger widths are typically 100 to 200 µm(b) Close up of a fi ...
... Figure 6. (a) Close up of a screen used for printing the front contact of a solar cell. During printing, metal paste is forced through the wire mesh in unmasked areas. The size of the wire mesh determines the minimum width of the fingers. Finger widths are typically 100 to 200 µm(b) Close up of a fi ...
University of Groningen How to get (a)round Pinho, Mariana
... has been postulated that this might require two types of cell wall synthesis machineries, each containing specific PBPs dedicated to either cell elongation or cell division. However, whether two distinct types of machinery do indeed operate at these different sites has not been fully elucidated17. ...
... has been postulated that this might require two types of cell wall synthesis machineries, each containing specific PBPs dedicated to either cell elongation or cell division. However, whether two distinct types of machinery do indeed operate at these different sites has not been fully elucidated17. ...
DRP1 family in cytokinesis and cell expansion
... Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 ...
... Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 ...
Endocytosis, Actin Cytoskeleton, and Signaling
... in Tables I and II. Interestingly, in cultured mammalian cells, as much as one-half of the endocytic uptake can be by non-clathrin mechanisms (for review, see Maxfield and McGraw, 2004). Endocytic pathways employ morphologically diverse membranous tubulo-vesicular compartments encompassing sorting e ...
... in Tables I and II. Interestingly, in cultured mammalian cells, as much as one-half of the endocytic uptake can be by non-clathrin mechanisms (for review, see Maxfield and McGraw, 2004). Endocytic pathways employ morphologically diverse membranous tubulo-vesicular compartments encompassing sorting e ...
Cell
... Upper limp: the bones of the upper division may be divided into two groups: A-the shoulder girdle consist of two bones. 1-the clavicle or collar bone. 2-the scapula or shoulder blade. B-each upper extremity (arm) consist of the following bones: 1)the arm bone called the humerus forms a joint with sc ...
... Upper limp: the bones of the upper division may be divided into two groups: A-the shoulder girdle consist of two bones. 1-the clavicle or collar bone. 2-the scapula or shoulder blade. B-each upper extremity (arm) consist of the following bones: 1)the arm bone called the humerus forms a joint with sc ...
Developing a `thick skin`: a paradoxical role for
... plant. The plant ECM is highly modified (notably with the deposition of a hydrophobic cuticle) and continuously thickened to provide protective and structural functions (Yeats and Rose, 2013). Interestingly, in both animals and plants an important role for these highly modified supra-cellular matric ...
... plant. The plant ECM is highly modified (notably with the deposition of a hydrophobic cuticle) and continuously thickened to provide protective and structural functions (Yeats and Rose, 2013). Interestingly, in both animals and plants an important role for these highly modified supra-cellular matric ...
Cells Are Classified by Internal Organization Cell Structure Reflects
... Three Forms of Passive Transport Passive transport is powered by the concentration gradient. In the cell it occurs as Diffusion through lipid layer Diffusion Diff i th through h protein t i channels h l Facilitated transport Transport or carrier proteins in the membrane assist in moving mo ...
... Three Forms of Passive Transport Passive transport is powered by the concentration gradient. In the cell it occurs as Diffusion through lipid layer Diffusion Diff i th through h protein t i channels h l Facilitated transport Transport or carrier proteins in the membrane assist in moving mo ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.