Flagellar Morphology and Mechanisms of Bacterial Motility
... Bacterial movement is produced through the action of the flagella (see the diagrams below). Bacteria move toward attractive stimuli and away from harmful substances and waste products in the process known as chemotaxis. Monotrichous bacteria move forward in a simple response to chemotactic stimuli, ...
... Bacterial movement is produced through the action of the flagella (see the diagrams below). Bacteria move toward attractive stimuli and away from harmful substances and waste products in the process known as chemotaxis. Monotrichous bacteria move forward in a simple response to chemotactic stimuli, ...
SOMATIC CELL COUNTS
... and Williams, 1985). Over 90% of the cells present in milk early in inflammation may be PMN. The PMN appear in large numbers lined up outside some alveoli (Harmon and Heald, 1982; Nickerson and Pankey, 1984). In other areas, damage to milk-synthesizing cells may be apparent, and masses of PMN may pa ...
... and Williams, 1985). Over 90% of the cells present in milk early in inflammation may be PMN. The PMN appear in large numbers lined up outside some alveoli (Harmon and Heald, 1982; Nickerson and Pankey, 1984). In other areas, damage to milk-synthesizing cells may be apparent, and masses of PMN may pa ...
High-throughput knockout screen in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
... The reduction of chromosome number during meiosis is achieved by a single round of DNA replication followed by two rounds of chromosome segregation, called meiosis I and meiosis II. While the second meiotic division is similar to mitosis in that sister centromeres segregate to opposite poles, the fi ...
... The reduction of chromosome number during meiosis is achieved by a single round of DNA replication followed by two rounds of chromosome segregation, called meiosis I and meiosis II. While the second meiotic division is similar to mitosis in that sister centromeres segregate to opposite poles, the fi ...
Role of Silicon in Diatom Metabolism. Messenger
... Patterns of mRNA accumulation Because of limitations with in vivo polypeptide labelling in C. fusiformis (Okita & Volcani, 1980), mRNAs were analysed. This not only permitted the extent of the control of gene expression by silicon to be better defined, but also allowed the timing of individual chang ...
... Patterns of mRNA accumulation Because of limitations with in vivo polypeptide labelling in C. fusiformis (Okita & Volcani, 1980), mRNAs were analysed. This not only permitted the extent of the control of gene expression by silicon to be better defined, but also allowed the timing of individual chang ...
Production of Bacteriolytic Enzymes and Degradation
... Fungi were also grown on B. subtilis cell walls (5 mg ml-l) and yeast extract (0.2 mg ml-l) in 0.05 M-MESor TES buffers at pH 5 and 7 respectively. Assays of wall-degrading enzyme activity in culturefluids. Samples (200 pl) were taken at 1-2 d intervals during growth of cultures and centrifuged (lOO ...
... Fungi were also grown on B. subtilis cell walls (5 mg ml-l) and yeast extract (0.2 mg ml-l) in 0.05 M-MESor TES buffers at pH 5 and 7 respectively. Assays of wall-degrading enzyme activity in culturefluids. Samples (200 pl) were taken at 1-2 d intervals during growth of cultures and centrifuged (lOO ...
Cellular Mechanics
... • Rather than try to supplant these courses, we will introduce some of the terminology • If you’re really interested in Bioengineering, I encourage you to ...
... • Rather than try to supplant these courses, we will introduce some of the terminology • If you’re really interested in Bioengineering, I encourage you to ...
Genetically Engineered Cell Lines: Characterisation and
... expression are affected by the site of integration in the host genome and by the number of integration events. In contrast, when an extrachromosomal vector is used, selection is necessary for long-term stability, but there is little variability in expression between isolated clones of transfected ce ...
... expression are affected by the site of integration in the host genome and by the number of integration events. In contrast, when an extrachromosomal vector is used, selection is necessary for long-term stability, but there is little variability in expression between isolated clones of transfected ce ...
Visualizing_the_mechanical_activation_of_Src
... umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) ◦ Binds to integrins causing coupling to cytoskeleton ◦ Applied 300 pN force with optical tweezers ...
... umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) ◦ Binds to integrins causing coupling to cytoskeleton ◦ Applied 300 pN force with optical tweezers ...
Semen WS - St Paul`s School Intranet
... Once inside the ovum the tail is lost and the head, containing the nucleus, becomes the male gamete. The nuclear membranes disappear so that the two nuclei can fuse. This is fertilisation. The cell is now referred to as a zygote. ...
... Once inside the ovum the tail is lost and the head, containing the nucleus, becomes the male gamete. The nuclear membranes disappear so that the two nuclei can fuse. This is fertilisation. The cell is now referred to as a zygote. ...
Lineage Commitment During T cell Development
... Pre-Ta functions as a surrogate for the a chain during thymic development Expressed in DN cell and heterodimerizes with a functional b chain - assists in quality control for b chain rearrangement The pre-Ta/b chain dimer promotes increased CD3 expression and induces a ligandindependent signal, perha ...
... Pre-Ta functions as a surrogate for the a chain during thymic development Expressed in DN cell and heterodimerizes with a functional b chain - assists in quality control for b chain rearrangement The pre-Ta/b chain dimer promotes increased CD3 expression and induces a ligandindependent signal, perha ...
Lecture 3 – Membrane potential
... Lecture 3 – Different types of pumps An electrochemical gradient is a gradient of electrochemical potential, usually for an ion that can move across a membrane. The gradient consists of two parts, the chemical gradient, or difference in solute concentration across a membrane, and the electrical gra ...
... Lecture 3 – Different types of pumps An electrochemical gradient is a gradient of electrochemical potential, usually for an ion that can move across a membrane. The gradient consists of two parts, the chemical gradient, or difference in solute concentration across a membrane, and the electrical gra ...
Dephosphorylation Agents Depress Gap Junctional Communication
... molecules (< 1000 Da), including second messengers (e.g. cAMP, inositol triphosphate and Ca2+ ) between contacting cells. They differ from other membrane channels since they exist between two cells, they are relatively non-specific, and the movement of ions and molecules through them occurs by passive ...
... molecules (< 1000 Da), including second messengers (e.g. cAMP, inositol triphosphate and Ca2+ ) between contacting cells. They differ from other membrane channels since they exist between two cells, they are relatively non-specific, and the movement of ions and molecules through them occurs by passive ...
Control of the Plant Cell Cycle by Developmental
... far none of them has been shown to control directly the expression of cell cycle genes. All of these atypical E2Fs possess two DNA-binding domains and they can bind to the target promoters as monomers. The E2Fe/DEL1 protein binds to the promoter of the CCS52A2 gene, an activator of the plant anaphas ...
... far none of them has been shown to control directly the expression of cell cycle genes. All of these atypical E2Fs possess two DNA-binding domains and they can bind to the target promoters as monomers. The E2Fe/DEL1 protein binds to the promoter of the CCS52A2 gene, an activator of the plant anaphas ...
Cytoplasmic streaming enables the distribution of molecules
... the two categories of intra- and intercellular roles. These potential roles are easily seen using as a model the alga, Chara corallina, which has historically been among the organisms of choice for studies of cytoplasmic streaming due to its large size and simple geometry. As shown in Fig. 1, this p ...
... the two categories of intra- and intercellular roles. These potential roles are easily seen using as a model the alga, Chara corallina, which has historically been among the organisms of choice for studies of cytoplasmic streaming due to its large size and simple geometry. As shown in Fig. 1, this p ...
Cytoplasmic streaming enables the distribution of molecules
... the two categories of intra- and intercellular roles. These potential roles are easily seen using as a model the alga, Chara corallina, which has historically been among the organisms of choice for studies of cytoplasmic streaming due to its large size and simple geometry. As shown in Fig. 1, this p ...
... the two categories of intra- and intercellular roles. These potential roles are easily seen using as a model the alga, Chara corallina, which has historically been among the organisms of choice for studies of cytoplasmic streaming due to its large size and simple geometry. As shown in Fig. 1, this p ...
organogenesis - WordPress.com
... FACTORS AFFECTING ORGANOGENESIS Organogenesis involves the interplay of a host of ...
... FACTORS AFFECTING ORGANOGENESIS Organogenesis involves the interplay of a host of ...
Migration Cues Induce Chromatin Alterations
... Directed cell migration is a fundamental property of both simple and complex organisms, which is necessary for the proper execution of various biological processes including foraging, embryonic development, immunity, tissue repair and homeostasis. Improper cell migration is an underlying cause of nu ...
... Directed cell migration is a fundamental property of both simple and complex organisms, which is necessary for the proper execution of various biological processes including foraging, embryonic development, immunity, tissue repair and homeostasis. Improper cell migration is an underlying cause of nu ...
Innate Immunity in Lophotrochozoans: The Annelids
... E. Antimicrobial Proteins The most studied antimicrobial protein in annelids is the lysozyme [43] (Table 1). This is an enzyme that cleaves the β-1-4 bonds between N acetylglucosamine and N acetylmuramic acid of Gram positive bacterial cell walls. Lysozyme is often detected using its action against ...
... E. Antimicrobial Proteins The most studied antimicrobial protein in annelids is the lysozyme [43] (Table 1). This is an enzyme that cleaves the β-1-4 bonds between N acetylglucosamine and N acetylmuramic acid of Gram positive bacterial cell walls. Lysozyme is often detected using its action against ...
JOHN MASON PAWELEK, Ph
... “Myeloid-type glycosylation and melanoma progression” Beeson Lecture Series, Dept. Dermatology, Yale School Medicine. 12/3/03 Aberrant glycosylation is an independent predictor of metastasis and poor survival in breast carcinoma. Breast Cancer Research Conference, Yale Cancer Center. 01/13/04 “Origi ...
... “Myeloid-type glycosylation and melanoma progression” Beeson Lecture Series, Dept. Dermatology, Yale School Medicine. 12/3/03 Aberrant glycosylation is an independent predictor of metastasis and poor survival in breast carcinoma. Breast Cancer Research Conference, Yale Cancer Center. 01/13/04 “Origi ...
Geometrical constraints in the scaling relationships between
... All of these pioneering studies used ordinary leastsquares (OLS) regression to estimate the scaling exponents. While OLS regression is a standard tool for analysing data where both predictors and dependent variables are clear, its use should be restricted to cases when errors on the x-axis are negli ...
... All of these pioneering studies used ordinary leastsquares (OLS) regression to estimate the scaling exponents. While OLS regression is a standard tool for analysing data where both predictors and dependent variables are clear, its use should be restricted to cases when errors on the x-axis are negli ...
ap biology 2007 scoring guidelines - AP Central
... In part (b) intracellular signaling is described; 1 point each was awarded for steroid diffusion through the membrane and the release of second messengers in the cell. The student confuses the direction of the H+ flow in mitochondria but earned 1 point for describing ATP synthesis by ATP synthase. T ...
... In part (b) intracellular signaling is described; 1 point each was awarded for steroid diffusion through the membrane and the release of second messengers in the cell. The student confuses the direction of the H+ flow in mitochondria but earned 1 point for describing ATP synthesis by ATP synthase. T ...
The Cell Membrane
... Key Note Things tend to even out, unless something—like a cell membrane— prevents this from happening. Across a freely permeable or water permeable membrane, diffusion and osmosis will ...
... Key Note Things tend to even out, unless something—like a cell membrane— prevents this from happening. Across a freely permeable or water permeable membrane, diffusion and osmosis will ...
Topic_4.doc
... There are two types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is the type of cell division that occurs in most cells of the body. It is during mitosis, specifically the prophase stage of mitosis, that chromosomes are visible and easy to identify for karyotyping. In mitosis, two genetically ident ...
... There are two types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is the type of cell division that occurs in most cells of the body. It is during mitosis, specifically the prophase stage of mitosis, that chromosomes are visible and easy to identify for karyotyping. In mitosis, two genetically ident ...
The Cytoskeleton of Nerve Cells in Historic Perspective
... while keeping metabolically manageable individual sizes. Each of them is capable of departing so much from the basic round form of cells, and of growing and sustaining their characteristic ramified morphology, mainly because of the development of an intracellular framework constituted of filamentous ...
... while keeping metabolically manageable individual sizes. Each of them is capable of departing so much from the basic round form of cells, and of growing and sustaining their characteristic ramified morphology, mainly because of the development of an intracellular framework constituted of filamentous ...
Mineral Nutrition
... The process including the absorption and utilization of various mineral ions by plants for their growth and development is called mineral nutrition. 80 – 90 % of tissue is composed of water. The part of the tissue left behind is called the dry matter and typically it is about 10 -20 % of the origina ...
... The process including the absorption and utilization of various mineral ions by plants for their growth and development is called mineral nutrition. 80 – 90 % of tissue is composed of water. The part of the tissue left behind is called the dry matter and typically it is about 10 -20 % of the origina ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.