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Cladistics: The Tree(s) of Life
Cladistics: The Tree(s) of Life

... A cladogram is a diagram that shows how organisms are related in terms of their evolutionary development. A cladogram can be thought of as a family tree for a group of related organisms. Cladistics is a rapidly evolving science. As scientists learn more about the DNA and proteins of living organisms ...
Archaea, Bacteria Kingdom-TEA - KCI-SBI3U
Archaea, Bacteria Kingdom-TEA - KCI-SBI3U

... -Most require O2 -Metabolism processes carried out in membranebound organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplast etc. ...
WS - Endosymbiotic Theory cells
WS - Endosymbiotic Theory cells

... a membrane surrounding the organelle, and then the organelle has its own membrane. This is called a double membrane. Mitochondria and chloroplasts live inside eukaryotic cells, but do many of the same things and have similar appearance to bacteria living on their own. All of this Lynn Margulis came ...
7.2 Evidence of Evolution
7.2 Evidence of Evolution

... Amber- trapped on sticky resin, resin covers organism, sealing it from the air, protecting it from decay Ice- freezing has preserved hair and skin too ...
Chapter 6
Chapter 6

... • Remember you have to be made of at least one cell to be alive, viruses are not cells • Viruses consist of bits of DNA or RNA surrounded by protein • Have no metabolism, and rely entirely on host organism for energy, material and organelles to reproduce themselves • Viral replication must occur wit ...
Chapter 5b
Chapter 5b

... Metabolism The chemical bond energy is converted into high-energy bonds of ATP through the process of metabolism. ...
Microbial growth (part 3) Measurement of Microbial Growth: 1. A
Microbial growth (part 3) Measurement of Microbial Growth: 1. A

... counts are reported as number of colony-forming units (CFU) (Whether a single cell or a clump of cells or whatever, what grows into an isolated colony is termed a colony-forming unit) (Figure 1). 2. A plate count may be done by either the pour plate method or the ...
Gram positive bacteria Part 2
Gram positive bacteria Part 2

... ...
Chapter 1 Notes - Social Circle City Schools
Chapter 1 Notes - Social Circle City Schools

... parasites: they can only reproduce within a host cell - viruses lack the enzymes for metabolism and have no ribosomes for making proteins Viruses are merely packages sets of ...
Comparing the size of a virus, a bacterium, and a eukaryotic cell
Comparing the size of a virus, a bacterium, and a eukaryotic cell

... Viral genomes. The genomes of viruses can be composed of either DNA or RNA, and some use both as their genomic material at different stages in their life cycle. However, only one type of nucleic acid is found in the virion of any particular type of virus. ...
Oxidation has a dual role: building blocks and energy
Oxidation has a dual role: building blocks and energy

... A metabolic map ...
Photosynthetic_bacte..
Photosynthetic_bacte..

... contains the bacteriochlorophyll a antenna pigment and the chlorosome bacteriochlorophyll c, d or e, and the CM contains the reaction centre and ETS. Have PSI only. Green Sulphur Bacteria Small, usually immotile bacteria; 5 genera. Strictly anaerobic photoautotrophs that use H2S, H2 or other reduced ...
biology of prokaryotes
biology of prokaryotes

... MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank. _____ 1. Fossil evidence indicates that the earliest prokaryotes on Earth lived about a. 1 billion years ago. c. 2.5 billion years ago. b. 5 billion years ago. d. None of the above _____ 2. Which of the following types of bacteria would you be m ...
Study Guide
Study Guide

... MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank. _____ 1. Fossil evidence indicates that the earliest prokaryotes on Earth lived about a. 1 billion years ago. c. 2.5 billion years ago. b. 5 billion years ago. d. None of the above _____ 2. Which of the following types of bacteria would you be m ...
Microbiology EQ
Microbiology EQ

... Can survive without oxygen ...
What organisms use lactic acid fermentation?
What organisms use lactic acid fermentation?

... ...
domain bacteria
domain bacteria

... Reason prokaryotes were sometimes grouped with plants in early classification systems Cell wall contains peptidoglycan, rather than cellulose: Gram-negative bacteria generally more pathogenic than gram-positive bacteria: – Lipopolysaccharides can be toxic – Outer membrane less permeable to antibioti ...
Bacteria
Bacteria

... they  useful  to  us?  [They  play  a  role  in  making  yogurt,  cheese,  and  other  foods.   Bacteria  also  aid  in  digestion.]   ...
Classify and Identify bacteria notes
Classify and Identify bacteria notes

... • A thin peptidoglycan layer • Cytoplasmic membrane Special Components of Gram negative Bacteria • Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) – major toxins of pathogenic Gram negative bacteria – When the cell dies, LPS are released and can cause problems with organs or tissues ...
Bacteria - PharmaEuphoria
Bacteria - PharmaEuphoria

... Ziehl Neelsen method Auramine method ...


... Results of Bacterial Staining Lab Exercise Name ____________________Partner’s name _____________ Date ______ Section ____ 1. In the table below, determine the species name based on cell shape and Gram reaction. Note down the cell shape, sketch enough cells to show some detail and spatial arrangement ...
Microorganisms Microorganisms (microbes) are small living
Microorganisms Microorganisms (microbes) are small living

... Biogas is a renewable fuel made using methane gas produced from waste materials by bacteria. It is used to produce electricity. Gasohol is another use for the alcohol produced by yeast. It is used as a fuel for vehicles. Microbes and breaking down waste: Sewage treatment- In treatment works the main ...
Genetic Recombination in Bacteria
Genetic Recombination in Bacteria

... Bacteria Genetics ...
Bacteria/Protist - Science with Ms. C
Bacteria/Protist - Science with Ms. C

... Euglena—Protist with Flagella These protists move pulling themselves with long whip like structure called flagella. These protists can have one or more flagella that help them move. The euglena is unique in that it has characteristics of both a plant and an animal, it contains chloroplasts that phot ...
ANATOMY OF BACTERIA CELL
ANATOMY OF BACTERIA CELL

... cytoplasmic membrane. There are two types of mesosomes, septal mesosome and lateral mesosome. The bacterial chromosome is attached to the septal mesosome. During cell division, the septal mesosome participates in the formation of cross-walls. Mesosomes are more prominant in gram positive bacteria. T ...
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Unique properties of hyperthermophilic archaea

This article discusses the Unique properties of hyperthermophilic archea. Hyperthermophiles are organisms that can live at temperatures ranging between 70 and 125 °C. They have been the subject of intense study since their discovery in 1977 in the Galapagos Rift. It was thought impossible for life to exist at temperatures as great as 100 °C until Pyrolobus fumarii was discovered in 1997. P. fumarii is an unicellular organism from the domain Archaea living in the hydrothermal vents in black smokers along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. These organisms can live at 106 °C at a pH of 5.5. In order to get energy from their environment these organisms are facultatively aerobic obligate chemolithoautotrophs, meaning these organisms build biomolecules by harvesting carbon dioxide (CO2) from their environment by using hydrogen (H2) as the primary electron donor and nitrate (NO3−) as the primary electron acceptor. These organisms can even survive the autoclave, which is a machine designed to kill organisms through high temperature and pressure. Because hyperthermophiles live in such hot environments, they need to have DNA, membrane and enzyme modifications in order to withstand the intense thermal energy. Such modifications are currently being studied to better understand what allows an organism or protein to survive such harsh conditions. By learning what allows these organisms to survive such harsh conditions, researchers will be better able to synthesize molecules that are harder to denature that can be used in industry.
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