The Destruction of the Bison
... by Cold War nationalism, in the s. During this renaissance of the frontier thesis a number of histories of the destruction of the bison appeared. They were followed in succeeding decades by a handful of studies that, without abandoning the perspectives of frontier history, were somewhat more sym ...
... by Cold War nationalism, in the s. During this renaissance of the frontier thesis a number of histories of the destruction of the bison appeared. They were followed in succeeding decades by a handful of studies that, without abandoning the perspectives of frontier history, were somewhat more sym ...
Questions for Chapter 55 – Dynamics of Ecosystems
... energy through an ecosystem. Cascading effects, whether they are driven from the bottom up or from the top down are a characteristic of energy transfer in ecosystems, and that translates into the reality that effects on any particular species are unlikely to be limited to that species itself. 4. Exp ...
... energy through an ecosystem. Cascading effects, whether they are driven from the bottom up or from the top down are a characteristic of energy transfer in ecosystems, and that translates into the reality that effects on any particular species are unlikely to be limited to that species itself. 4. Exp ...
Invertebrates outcompete vertebrate facultative scavengers
... servation of natural processes, including the promotion of undisturbed dynamics within natural communities. This includes the avoidance of control measures for the wild ungulate population through human intervention. Therefore forest and wildlife management is not allowed in 75% of the area (Heurich ...
... servation of natural processes, including the promotion of undisturbed dynamics within natural communities. This includes the avoidance of control measures for the wild ungulate population through human intervention. Therefore forest and wildlife management is not allowed in 75% of the area (Heurich ...
Ente di Gestione delle Aree Protette della Valle Sesia Wild Boar
... their perineum, causing loss of coordination and massive blood loss. In some areas of the former Soviet Union, a single wolf pack can consume an average of 50–80 wild boars annually. In areas of Italy where the two animals are sympatric, the extent to which boars are preyed upon by wolves has led to ...
... their perineum, causing loss of coordination and massive blood loss. In some areas of the former Soviet Union, a single wolf pack can consume an average of 50–80 wild boars annually. In areas of Italy where the two animals are sympatric, the extent to which boars are preyed upon by wolves has led to ...
Hominid-Carnivore Coevolution and Invasion
... species exploiting shared limiting resources. In classic coevolutionary models, populations of sympatric species are seen to diverge in one or more morphological, ecological, or behavioral traits to effect more even partitioning of resources and reduce levels of interspecific competition. Character ...
... species exploiting shared limiting resources. In classic coevolutionary models, populations of sympatric species are seen to diverge in one or more morphological, ecological, or behavioral traits to effect more even partitioning of resources and reduce levels of interspecific competition. Character ...
Wild boar in Norway – is climate a limiting factor?
... now found in most parts of Europe and Asia, and their distribution is increasing northwards (Spitz 1999, Powel 2003). Swedish wild boars, originally escaped farm animals, have established themselves up to about Gävle on the east coast (Lemel 1999). As with the prehistoric Norwegian boar, its distrib ...
... now found in most parts of Europe and Asia, and their distribution is increasing northwards (Spitz 1999, Powel 2003). Swedish wild boars, originally escaped farm animals, have established themselves up to about Gävle on the east coast (Lemel 1999). As with the prehistoric Norwegian boar, its distrib ...
Wild boar in Norway – is climate a limiting factor?
... now found in most parts of Europe and Asia, and their distribution is increasing northwards (Spitz 1999, Powel 2003). Swedish wild boars, originally escaped farm animals, have established themselves up to about Gävle on the east coast (Lemel 1999). As with the prehistoric Norwegian boar, its distrib ...
... now found in most parts of Europe and Asia, and their distribution is increasing northwards (Spitz 1999, Powel 2003). Swedish wild boars, originally escaped farm animals, have established themselves up to about Gävle on the east coast (Lemel 1999). As with the prehistoric Norwegian boar, its distrib ...
Topic 1
... The chemical reactions through which an organism build up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes is called: ...
... The chemical reactions through which an organism build up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes is called: ...
Thesis - Rufford Small Grants
... consider how animals should select their habitats under predation risk and once within a selected habitat how foraging animals should partition time between competing fitness enhancing activities. In the former, with predation risk as an additional factor, I show the habitat selection theory still a ...
... consider how animals should select their habitats under predation risk and once within a selected habitat how foraging animals should partition time between competing fitness enhancing activities. In the former, with predation risk as an additional factor, I show the habitat selection theory still a ...
The Paleoecology of Coral Reefs
... have built wave-resistant structures through the entire Phanerozoic Eon (543 mya to present). Within the corals themselves, there are vast amounts of untapped information on autecology that may help us uncover the nature of biodiversity crises in the sea. For example, Kiessling et al. (2005) found a ...
... have built wave-resistant structures through the entire Phanerozoic Eon (543 mya to present). Within the corals themselves, there are vast amounts of untapped information on autecology that may help us uncover the nature of biodiversity crises in the sea. For example, Kiessling et al. (2005) found a ...
Plant-mediated interactions between below- and
... traditionally progressed separately, focusing on just one kind of interaction and ignoring the possible interference with others (Herrera et al. 2002). This leads to an oversimplification of our understanding of plant-animal interactions, as most plants interact simultaneously with a broad spectrum ...
... traditionally progressed separately, focusing on just one kind of interaction and ignoring the possible interference with others (Herrera et al. 2002). This leads to an oversimplification of our understanding of plant-animal interactions, as most plants interact simultaneously with a broad spectrum ...
Assessment Report
... Severo-Chuyskiy Range) increased by 25% due to the disruption of large glaciers. Total glaciation area is reduced by 11%, with different rates of glacier degradation (from 8–50%). The volume of glaciers decreases more intensively (by 19–34%). The deglaciation rate increased by almost 1.5 times. It w ...
... Severo-Chuyskiy Range) increased by 25% due to the disruption of large glaciers. Total glaciation area is reduced by 11%, with different rates of glacier degradation (from 8–50%). The volume of glaciers decreases more intensively (by 19–34%). The deglaciation rate increased by almost 1.5 times. It w ...
The Return of the Wolf
... 1.3 Predators as food-providers to scavenging species Scavenging is a common phenomenon among terrestrial vertebrates (see review in DeVault et al., 2003). Predators may have a strong influence on the scavenging community through their supply of carcass remains from their prey (Wilmers et al., 2003a ...
... 1.3 Predators as food-providers to scavenging species Scavenging is a common phenomenon among terrestrial vertebrates (see review in DeVault et al., 2003). Predators may have a strong influence on the scavenging community through their supply of carcass remains from their prey (Wilmers et al., 2003a ...
Potential for Abrupt Changes in Atmospheric Methane
... hydrate source) would have to be balanced by a decrease in the estimated magnitude of another source. The budget presented in Table 5.1 refers to net fluxes to the atmosphere only. The gross production of methane is very likely to be significantly larger, but substantial quantities of methane are co ...
... hydrate source) would have to be balanced by a decrease in the estimated magnitude of another source. The budget presented in Table 5.1 refers to net fluxes to the atmosphere only. The gross production of methane is very likely to be significantly larger, but substantial quantities of methane are co ...
The impacts of elephants on biodiversity in the Eastern
... managers base decisions is frequently contradictory, and overviews of elephant impacts on savanna landscapes have only recently become available.6,7 Understanding the effects of elephants in South Africa has focused on these savannas, despite the fact that these animals are habitat generalists and h ...
... managers base decisions is frequently contradictory, and overviews of elephant impacts on savanna landscapes have only recently become available.6,7 Understanding the effects of elephants in South Africa has focused on these savannas, despite the fact that these animals are habitat generalists and h ...
international standards for the practice of ecological restoration
... et al. 2012), and the SER Australasia-developed standards (McDonald et al. 2016). The Standards expand these conceptual frameworks to clarify the degree of recovery represented by ‘ecological restoration’ in times of global changes including anthropogenic climate change and other rapid environmental ...
... et al. 2012), and the SER Australasia-developed standards (McDonald et al. 2016). The Standards expand these conceptual frameworks to clarify the degree of recovery represented by ‘ecological restoration’ in times of global changes including anthropogenic climate change and other rapid environmental ...
National Restoration Standards - Society for Ecological Restoration
... The contemporary call for restoration and rehabilitation comes at a critical point in our planet’s history where human influence is all pervasive. Australia’s long and relatively uninterrupted evolutionary past means the continent possesses ancient soils and exceptionally diverse and unique biota—y ...
... The contemporary call for restoration and rehabilitation comes at a critical point in our planet’s history where human influence is all pervasive. Australia’s long and relatively uninterrupted evolutionary past means the continent possesses ancient soils and exceptionally diverse and unique biota—y ...
Limiting Factors in Caribou Population Ecology
... Abstract: Caribou and wild reindeer populations fluctuate over time. O n this fact there is general agreement. Factors responsible for population limitation and subsequent declines have been examined within the framework of animal population theory. There is, however, little agreement when factors l ...
... Abstract: Caribou and wild reindeer populations fluctuate over time. O n this fact there is general agreement. Factors responsible for population limitation and subsequent declines have been examined within the framework of animal population theory. There is, however, little agreement when factors l ...
Three^way interactions between Acacia, large mammalian herbivores
... germination level (Table1). Lamprey (1967) found the germination level of eight species of dehiscent Acacia (A. drepanolobium Harms ex Sjo«stedt, A. brevispica Harms, A. xanthophloea Benth., A. clavigera E. May, A. Senegal (L.) Willd., A. lahai Steud & Hochst. ex Benth, A. polyacantha Willd. and A. ...
... germination level (Table1). Lamprey (1967) found the germination level of eight species of dehiscent Acacia (A. drepanolobium Harms ex Sjo«stedt, A. brevispica Harms, A. xanthophloea Benth., A. clavigera E. May, A. Senegal (L.) Willd., A. lahai Steud & Hochst. ex Benth, A. polyacantha Willd. and A. ...
The Return of the Wolf
... 1.3 Predators as food-providers to scavenging species Scavenging is a common phenomenon among terrestrial vertebrates (see review in DeVault et al., 2003). Predators may have a strong influence on the scavenging community through their supply of carcass remains from their prey (Wilmers et al., 2003a ...
... 1.3 Predators as food-providers to scavenging species Scavenging is a common phenomenon among terrestrial vertebrates (see review in DeVault et al., 2003). Predators may have a strong influence on the scavenging community through their supply of carcass remains from their prey (Wilmers et al., 2003a ...
THE ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
... unlimited hunting for moose must soon pass from most of North America. » He also suggested (1955 : 216) that a kill of 12 to 25 per cent of the adult population is the highest that would permit the maintenance of the breeding population. Four years later, I showed (PIMLOTT, 1959a) that moose in Newf ...
... unlimited hunting for moose must soon pass from most of North America. » He also suggested (1955 : 216) that a kill of 12 to 25 per cent of the adult population is the highest that would permit the maintenance of the breeding population. Four years later, I showed (PIMLOTT, 1959a) that moose in Newf ...
Herbivore and predator diversity interactively affect ecosystem
... were not orthogonal. For responses that allowed, we included two, additional contrasts within the interaction term of the ANOVA (Table S1). The "grazer richness + predator richness! contrast compared treatments with monocultures at both trophic levels to the treatment with polycultures at both troph ...
... were not orthogonal. For responses that allowed, we included two, additional contrasts within the interaction term of the ANOVA (Table S1). The "grazer richness + predator richness! contrast compared treatments with monocultures at both trophic levels to the treatment with polycultures at both troph ...
Grassland Ecosystems Black-footed Ferrets
... Ferrets are bred in captivity and those destined for release are brought to an outdoor, pre-conditioning facility where they learn to hunt prairie dogs and live like wild ferrets. Since reintroductions began in 1991, black-footed ferrets have been released at 17 sites in the United States, one site ...
... Ferrets are bred in captivity and those destined for release are brought to an outdoor, pre-conditioning facility where they learn to hunt prairie dogs and live like wild ferrets. Since reintroductions began in 1991, black-footed ferrets have been released at 17 sites in the United States, one site ...
Tundra Reindeer Herders
... bound to the annual migration cycle of the reindeer. Their herds travel for more than a thousand kilometers every year. The year of tundra reindeer herders is divided into winter and summer periods. Reindeer herders survive the severe winter frosts in the forest tundra and northern taiga. An abundan ...
... bound to the annual migration cycle of the reindeer. Their herds travel for more than a thousand kilometers every year. The year of tundra reindeer herders is divided into winter and summer periods. Reindeer herders survive the severe winter frosts in the forest tundra and northern taiga. An abundan ...
Pleistocene Park
Pleistocene Park (Russian: Плейстоценовый парк) is a nature reserve on the Kolyma River south of Chersky in the Sakha Republic, Russia, in northeastern Siberia, where an attempt is being made to recreate the northern subarctic steppe grassland ecosystem that flourished in the area during the last glacial period.The project is being led by Russian researcher Sergey Zimov, with hopes to back the hypothesis that overhunting, and not climate change, was primarily responsible for the extinction of wildlife and the disappearance of the grasslands at the end of the Pleistocene epoch.A further aim is to research the climatic effects of the expected changes in the ecosystem. Here the hypothesis is that the change from tundra to grassland will result in a raised ratio of energy emission to energy absorption of the area, leading to less thawing of permafrost and thereby less emission of greenhouse gases.To study this, large herbivores have been released, and their effect on the local fauna is being monitored. Preliminary results point at the ecologically low-grade tundra biome being converted into a productive grassland biome, and at the energy emission of the area being raised.A documentary is being produced about the park by an American journalist and filmmaker.