Downloaded - University of Kentucky College of Arts and Sciences
... first to consider organisms as geomorphic agents was Charles Darwin. In 1881, Darwin published his book, The Formation of Vegetable Mould, Through the Action of Worms, with Observations on Their Habits, in which he outlined the process by which worms ingest soil at depth and deposit it on the surfac ...
... first to consider organisms as geomorphic agents was Charles Darwin. In 1881, Darwin published his book, The Formation of Vegetable Mould, Through the Action of Worms, with Observations on Their Habits, in which he outlined the process by which worms ingest soil at depth and deposit it on the surfac ...
Biogeomorphic Impacts of Invasive Species
... community structure; changes in ecosystem processes can lead to the shift of trophic levels and pool sizes; and changes in geomorphological processes can modify landforms. Moreover, all three processes are interrelated; therefore, changes in one of these processes can potentially have cascading effe ...
... community structure; changes in ecosystem processes can lead to the shift of trophic levels and pool sizes; and changes in geomorphological processes can modify landforms. Moreover, all three processes are interrelated; therefore, changes in one of these processes can potentially have cascading effe ...
Crossfertilizing aquatic and terrestrial research to understand
... According to state-dependent risk-taking theory, prey individuals experiencing resource shortages or low energy reserves should invest less in safety to avoid starvation or reduced reproductive potential and, therefore, suffer higher predation rates than conspecifics with greater energy stores.61,62 ...
... According to state-dependent risk-taking theory, prey individuals experiencing resource shortages or low energy reserves should invest less in safety to avoid starvation or reduced reproductive potential and, therefore, suffer higher predation rates than conspecifics with greater energy stores.61,62 ...
microbial diversity and global environmental issues
... related to changes in global environmental conditions. Thereafter, specific global environmental change events are considered as examples to demonstrate the potential for using assessments of microbial diversity to detect environmental change and to use such knowledge in the best service of ecosyste ...
... related to changes in global environmental conditions. Thereafter, specific global environmental change events are considered as examples to demonstrate the potential for using assessments of microbial diversity to detect environmental change and to use such knowledge in the best service of ecosyste ...
The ecosystem approach to fisheries
... accounting for environmental factors and natural variability; reducing impacts of fishing and other activities; biodiversity conservation; multispecies management; protection of endangered species; accounting for relations between populations; reducing land-based impacts and pollution; integration i ...
... accounting for environmental factors and natural variability; reducing impacts of fishing and other activities; biodiversity conservation; multispecies management; protection of endangered species; accounting for relations between populations; reducing land-based impacts and pollution; integration i ...
Dewatering Discharge in the Goldfields: Ecology, Monitoring
... regulator concerns and promote environmental stewardship. In some cases, this may require more comprehensive action such as monitoring against key performance indicators or trigger values during active dewatering and potentially following cessation, to determine recovery. In addition, where there ar ...
... regulator concerns and promote environmental stewardship. In some cases, this may require more comprehensive action such as monitoring against key performance indicators or trigger values during active dewatering and potentially following cessation, to determine recovery. In addition, where there ar ...
Towards a cohesive, holistic view of top predation: a definition
... powerful demonstrations of its application to large predators (Wootton and Bell 1992, Lahaye et al. 1994). This has directed much research towards spatial issues such as minimum habitat requirements, population viability analysis and the role of corridors for population persistence. Meanwhile, sever ...
... powerful demonstrations of its application to large predators (Wootton and Bell 1992, Lahaye et al. 1994). This has directed much research towards spatial issues such as minimum habitat requirements, population viability analysis and the role of corridors for population persistence. Meanwhile, sever ...
Phenology - URPP Global Change and Biodiversity
... sensing have opened a new avenue for phenological research (White et al., 2009). The field of Land Surface Phenology (LSP) has been defined as the study of seasonal patterns of vegetated land surfaces as observed from remote sensing (Ree ...
... sensing have opened a new avenue for phenological research (White et al., 2009). The field of Land Surface Phenology (LSP) has been defined as the study of seasonal patterns of vegetated land surfaces as observed from remote sensing (Ree ...
Intertidal and Nearshore Rocky Reefs
... The following broad zones can therefore be distinguished on a typical intertidal rocky reef: the supra-littoral zone (littoral fringe), upper eulittoral zone and the lower eulittoral (sublittoral zone) (Lewis 1964), with the mid-shore generally having the greatest species diversity, whilst the lower ...
... The following broad zones can therefore be distinguished on a typical intertidal rocky reef: the supra-littoral zone (littoral fringe), upper eulittoral zone and the lower eulittoral (sublittoral zone) (Lewis 1964), with the mid-shore generally having the greatest species diversity, whilst the lower ...
Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in angiosperm
... identity affect ecosystem functioning in terms of processes such as primary production, nutrient availability, epifaunal colonization and properties e.g. stability of Zostera marina subjected to shading. The main work was carried out in the field and ranged temporally from weeklong to 3.5 months-lon ...
... identity affect ecosystem functioning in terms of processes such as primary production, nutrient availability, epifaunal colonization and properties e.g. stability of Zostera marina subjected to shading. The main work was carried out in the field and ranged temporally from weeklong to 3.5 months-lon ...
Organism life cycles, predation, and the structure of marine pelagic
... presented that predation or 'top-down' trophic effects may be equally important in specifying the occurrence of particular taxa, the biomass within adjacent trophic levels, and the morphology of dominant herbivores and carnivores. It is suggested that key species, because of unique combinations of l ...
... presented that predation or 'top-down' trophic effects may be equally important in specifying the occurrence of particular taxa, the biomass within adjacent trophic levels, and the morphology of dominant herbivores and carnivores. It is suggested that key species, because of unique combinations of l ...
comparing marine and terrestrial ecosystems
... in part, on the degree of similarity between these systems. Several marked differences in ecological and evolutionary processes exist between marine and terrestrial ecosystems as ramifications of fundamental differences in their physical environments (i.e., the relative prevalence of air and water) ...
... in part, on the degree of similarity between these systems. Several marked differences in ecological and evolutionary processes exist between marine and terrestrial ecosystems as ramifications of fundamental differences in their physical environments (i.e., the relative prevalence of air and water) ...
Eelgrass Conservation for the BC Coast
... Although schemes for mapping of ecosystems at functional scales have been reviewed nationally, the micro and mesoscale concepts proposed for areas such as the Georgia Basin have received little attention. Differences in goals, approaches and principles between agencies in the government and the scie ...
... Although schemes for mapping of ecosystems at functional scales have been reviewed nationally, the micro and mesoscale concepts proposed for areas such as the Georgia Basin have received little attention. Differences in goals, approaches and principles between agencies in the government and the scie ...
Conservation Ecology: Human-caused disturbance stimuli as a form
... resilience in coral reef ecosystems. There are natural differences among benthic communities along gradients of water temperature, light, nutrients, and organic matter associated with upwelling-downwelling and onshoreoffshore systems. Along gradients from oligotrophy to eutrophy, plant-animal symbio ...
... resilience in coral reef ecosystems. There are natural differences among benthic communities along gradients of water temperature, light, nutrients, and organic matter associated with upwelling-downwelling and onshoreoffshore systems. Along gradients from oligotrophy to eutrophy, plant-animal symbio ...
The Sustainable Biosphere Initiative: An Ecological Research
... knowledge required to conserve and wisely manage Earth's resources. Citizens, policy-makers, resource-managers, and leaders of business and industry all need to make decisions concerning the Earth's resources, but such decisions cannot be made effectively without a fundamental understanding of the w ...
... knowledge required to conserve and wisely manage Earth's resources. Citizens, policy-makers, resource-managers, and leaders of business and industry all need to make decisions concerning the Earth's resources, but such decisions cannot be made effectively without a fundamental understanding of the w ...
Conceptual ecosystem models are provided for the National Park
... events in space and time that disrupt ecosystem, community, or population structure and change resources, substrate, or the physical environment (White and Pickett 1985). The key parts of this definition are that disturbances are discrete in time, in contrast to chronic stress or background environm ...
... events in space and time that disrupt ecosystem, community, or population structure and change resources, substrate, or the physical environment (White and Pickett 1985). The key parts of this definition are that disturbances are discrete in time, in contrast to chronic stress or background environm ...
A Vicious Circle? Altered Carbon and Nutrient Cycling
... fish-derived nutrients may enhance seaweed growth and inhibit coral recovery once coral cover becomes too low, even on reefs where populations of herbivorous fishes are robust. This phenomenon might be expected to affect coral reefs similarly across the tropics, so why have Caribbean reefs generally ...
... fish-derived nutrients may enhance seaweed growth and inhibit coral recovery once coral cover becomes too low, even on reefs where populations of herbivorous fishes are robust. This phenomenon might be expected to affect coral reefs similarly across the tropics, so why have Caribbean reefs generally ...
Interacting environmental mosaics drive geographic variation in
... non-monotonic way, rather than as a uniform gradient. If abiotic and biotic drivers are patchy over relevant spatial scales, and if they are not perfectly correlated over space, they can create a multivariate mosaic of interacting conditions that can cause differences in species performance over rel ...
... non-monotonic way, rather than as a uniform gradient. If abiotic and biotic drivers are patchy over relevant spatial scales, and if they are not perfectly correlated over space, they can create a multivariate mosaic of interacting conditions that can cause differences in species performance over rel ...
English version
... deplete its forest cover in the next 50-80 years. More than half of inland water ecosystems (rivers, lakes and dams) have been degraded and are continuing to be threatened in terms of changed water regimes, pollution and conflicts over resource use. Similarly, signs of environmental degradation and ...
... deplete its forest cover in the next 50-80 years. More than half of inland water ecosystems (rivers, lakes and dams) have been degraded and are continuing to be threatened in terms of changed water regimes, pollution and conflicts over resource use. Similarly, signs of environmental degradation and ...
Ecosystem consequences of diversity depend on food chain length
... We manipulated grazer diversity and food chain length in an array of 55 113-L outdoor mesocosm tanks supplied with flowing water from the York River estuary (Virginia, USA). Water was filtered with 0.15-mm mesh to minimize grazer invasion, but allowed passage of microscopic propagules of algae and s ...
... We manipulated grazer diversity and food chain length in an array of 55 113-L outdoor mesocosm tanks supplied with flowing water from the York River estuary (Virginia, USA). Water was filtered with 0.15-mm mesh to minimize grazer invasion, but allowed passage of microscopic propagules of algae and s ...
Ecological resilience
In ecology, resilience is the capacity of an ecosystem to respond to a perturbation or disturbance by resisting damage and recovering quickly. Such perturbations and disturbances can include stochastic events such as fires, flooding, windstorms, insect population explosions, and human activities such as deforestation, fracking of the ground for oil extraction, pesticide sprayed in soil, and the introduction of exotic plant or animal species. Disturbances of sufficient magnitude or duration can profoundly affect an ecosystem and may force an ecosystem to reach a threshold beyond which a different regime of processes and structures predominates. Human activities that adversely affect ecosystem resilience such as reduction of biodiversity, exploitation of natural resources, pollution, land-use, and anthropogenic climate change are increasingly causing regime shifts in ecosystems, often to less desirable and degraded conditions. Interdisciplinary discourse on resilience now includes consideration of the interactions of humans and ecosystems via socio-ecological systems, and the need for shift from the maximum sustainable yield paradigm to environmental resource management which aims to build ecological resilience through ""resilience analysis, adaptive resource management, and adaptive governance"".