MINI- REVIEW - Microbiology
... heterogeneity. There are many situations in which individual species commonly exist isogenically (e.g. in industrial fermentations, food, laboratory cultures, human infection, etc.), and more so when considering organisms’ complements of genes that influence phenotype. Hence the determinants of phen ...
... heterogeneity. There are many situations in which individual species commonly exist isogenically (e.g. in industrial fermentations, food, laboratory cultures, human infection, etc.), and more so when considering organisms’ complements of genes that influence phenotype. Hence the determinants of phen ...
Do you agree or disagree?
... openings in the mesh are large enough to let air through, yet small enough to keep bees out. In a similar way, some things must be allowed in or out of a cell, while other things must be kept in or out. How do the right things enter or leave a cell? ...
... openings in the mesh are large enough to let air through, yet small enough to keep bees out. In a similar way, some things must be allowed in or out of a cell, while other things must be kept in or out. How do the right things enter or leave a cell? ...
Regulation of Microtubule Stability and Mitotic
... Members of the IAP4 gene family have been implicated in two cellular functions, suppression of apoptotic cell death and regulation of cell division. Whereas several mammalian IAP proteins counteract apoptosis by interfering with processing and catalytic activity of caspases (1), IAP proteins in yeas ...
... Members of the IAP4 gene family have been implicated in two cellular functions, suppression of apoptotic cell death and regulation of cell division. Whereas several mammalian IAP proteins counteract apoptosis by interfering with processing and catalytic activity of caspases (1), IAP proteins in yeas ...
The medicinal leech as a model organism for establishing the
... with 1.5 nA current leads to a visible and (B) significant increase in the spike rate of the AP-Cell in comparison to the spontaneous activity. (C) Morphology of the APCell. The main process goes contralaterally / posteriorly before it splits and leaves the ganglion via the roots like a motorneuron. ...
... with 1.5 nA current leads to a visible and (B) significant increase in the spike rate of the AP-Cell in comparison to the spontaneous activity. (C) Morphology of the APCell. The main process goes contralaterally / posteriorly before it splits and leaves the ganglion via the roots like a motorneuron. ...
Cell research is an exercise in traffic control
... Microbiologist Lizabeth Allison likes to think of a cell as a city. The city is made up of cytoplasm, while the gated community within that city is the nucleus. The workhorses of this city are transport proteins — receptors that haul cargo inside the gates of the nucleus. There, they bind with the g ...
... Microbiologist Lizabeth Allison likes to think of a cell as a city. The city is made up of cytoplasm, while the gated community within that city is the nucleus. The workhorses of this city are transport proteins — receptors that haul cargo inside the gates of the nucleus. There, they bind with the g ...
Expression of Virus Structural Proteins on Murine Cell Surfaces in
... which was infected with Moloney leukaemia virus for surface gP7o (Fig. I d). Any 'type'specific surface components of gp7o shared by Rauscher and Moloney virus would be detected on the LSTRA cell surface. A considerable amount of antibody of the goat antiRLV gp7o bound to the surface of LSTRA (o'24 ...
... which was infected with Moloney leukaemia virus for surface gP7o (Fig. I d). Any 'type'specific surface components of gp7o shared by Rauscher and Moloney virus would be detected on the LSTRA cell surface. A considerable amount of antibody of the goat antiRLV gp7o bound to the surface of LSTRA (o'24 ...
Adaptively Sampled Distance Fields
... • Vertices are joined to form triangles using the following observations • A triangle joins the vertices of 3 neighboring cells that share a common edge (hence triangles are associated with cell edges) • A triangle is associated with an edge only if that edge has a zero crossing of the distance fiel ...
... • Vertices are joined to form triangles using the following observations • A triangle joins the vertices of 3 neighboring cells that share a common edge (hence triangles are associated with cell edges) • A triangle is associated with an edge only if that edge has a zero crossing of the distance fiel ...
THE GENERATION OF NEURONS FROM EMBRYONIC STEM
... BMP, through its target Id1 (in red), prevents ES cells from differentiating into neurons (in green on the bottom panels), and prevents the loss of E-cadherin (in green on the top panels). E-cadherin is a molecule that forces cells to stick together, and is normally lost before cells differentiate i ...
... BMP, through its target Id1 (in red), prevents ES cells from differentiating into neurons (in green on the bottom panels), and prevents the loss of E-cadherin (in green on the top panels). E-cadherin is a molecule that forces cells to stick together, and is normally lost before cells differentiate i ...
PhD position in Plant-Microbe Interaction Biology / Fungal effector
... characterise fungal ko mutants that were already generated in regard to their virulence. characterise the properties and subcellular behavior of these effector candidate proteins. identify and characterize the plant targets of these effector candidate proteins. The project will involve pathogen infe ...
... characterise fungal ko mutants that were already generated in regard to their virulence. characterise the properties and subcellular behavior of these effector candidate proteins. identify and characterize the plant targets of these effector candidate proteins. The project will involve pathogen infe ...
YEAR 11 BIOLOGY - Matrix Education
... from cell to cell during cell division. All basic chemical and physiological processes are carried out inside cells. All cells are basically the same in chemical composition. Cell activity depends upon the activities of subcellular structures within the cell. All known living things are made up of c ...
... from cell to cell during cell division. All basic chemical and physiological processes are carried out inside cells. All cells are basically the same in chemical composition. Cell activity depends upon the activities of subcellular structures within the cell. All known living things are made up of c ...
Jan24_08
... -Consumers of algae consume sugars and lipids for energy -Lipids are needed by algae for buoyancy in water 3. Cellular Organization -Nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast, set up establishes evolutionary trail. 4. Molecular Phylogeny -Evolution into different organisms from a primary source. 5. Morphol ...
... -Consumers of algae consume sugars and lipids for energy -Lipids are needed by algae for buoyancy in water 3. Cellular Organization -Nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast, set up establishes evolutionary trail. 4. Molecular Phylogeny -Evolution into different organisms from a primary source. 5. Morphol ...
The Human Body in Health and Illness
... • Types of cell reproduction (division) – Mitosis: Bodily growth and repair – Meiosis: Sex cells only ...
... • Types of cell reproduction (division) – Mitosis: Bodily growth and repair – Meiosis: Sex cells only ...
A Method for Producing, Selecting, and Isolating
... For all further work, we treated the cells with nitrosoguanidine for 25 min. After this period, the percentage survival of the DCMU-treated cells was about 20, 4% of which still formed green colonies. A sample of 2 x 106 DCMUtreated cells which were incubated with nitrosoguanidine for 25 min, were w ...
... For all further work, we treated the cells with nitrosoguanidine for 25 min. After this period, the percentage survival of the DCMU-treated cells was about 20, 4% of which still formed green colonies. A sample of 2 x 106 DCMUtreated cells which were incubated with nitrosoguanidine for 25 min, were w ...
Local interactions shape plant cells
... small bulge on the cell periphery (Figure 1). Observation of the early developmental stages of different model cell types traces each of them back to the bulge stage (Figure 1d). Since further elaboration of shape to achieve the final mature cell form can be visualized as a continuum of boundary-loo ...
... small bulge on the cell periphery (Figure 1). Observation of the early developmental stages of different model cell types traces each of them back to the bulge stage (Figure 1d). Since further elaboration of shape to achieve the final mature cell form can be visualized as a continuum of boundary-loo ...
Gram stain and capsule stain
... wash becomes clear, then STOP. f. Rinse gently with distilled water. g. Decolorizing time should be about 5 seconds for a thin smear and 10 seconds for a thick smear. 4. COUNTERSTAIN a. Safranin b. Leave on for 1 minute c. Rinse gently with distilled water d. Blot dry. What are some reasons why you ...
... wash becomes clear, then STOP. f. Rinse gently with distilled water. g. Decolorizing time should be about 5 seconds for a thin smear and 10 seconds for a thick smear. 4. COUNTERSTAIN a. Safranin b. Leave on for 1 minute c. Rinse gently with distilled water d. Blot dry. What are some reasons why you ...
Chromosome organization and dynamics in plants
... demonstrated conclusively with the advent of the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technology [3]. In Arabidopsis thaliana, interphase chromosomes exhibit rosette-like structures. In these structures, heterochromatic chromosome segments form condensed chromocenters while euchromatic segments ...
... demonstrated conclusively with the advent of the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technology [3]. In Arabidopsis thaliana, interphase chromosomes exhibit rosette-like structures. In these structures, heterochromatic chromosome segments form condensed chromocenters while euchromatic segments ...
1) Limitations of cytogenetic testing (karyotyping)
... True mosaicism, when detected prenatally, can be difficult to interpret and a further invasive diagnostic test may be required. Mosaic cell lines may be unevenly distributed between the fetus and extra-fetal tissues leading to false positive and false negative results in the most extreme cases. ‘Con ...
... True mosaicism, when detected prenatally, can be difficult to interpret and a further invasive diagnostic test may be required. Mosaic cell lines may be unevenly distributed between the fetus and extra-fetal tissues leading to false positive and false negative results in the most extreme cases. ‘Con ...
Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology
... • Exudation of protein-rich fluid from the lumen into the extracellular space results in – Outflow of water and ions into the interstitial space (“edema”) – Increased blood viscosity and decreased flow (“stasis”) ...
... • Exudation of protein-rich fluid from the lumen into the extracellular space results in – Outflow of water and ions into the interstitial space (“edema”) – Increased blood viscosity and decreased flow (“stasis”) ...
Cell Membrane Structure
... substances into and out of the cell), as receptors for hormones, and as catalyzers for chemical reactions, while still others play structural roles in holding cells together or assisting in the maintainenance of cellular shape. Lipoproteins are concerned with the movement of lipids within the body, ...
... substances into and out of the cell), as receptors for hormones, and as catalyzers for chemical reactions, while still others play structural roles in holding cells together or assisting in the maintainenance of cellular shape. Lipoproteins are concerned with the movement of lipids within the body, ...
Accepted version
... transcription of purified PCR-amplified DNA template using T7 RNA polymerase. CD1 mouse embryos at developmental stages 9.5, 10.5, 11.5 and 12.5 days post-coitum (dpc) were obtained from the Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell, UK. Embryos were fixed overnight in 4% paraformaldehyde at 4 °C, stored in met ...
... transcription of purified PCR-amplified DNA template using T7 RNA polymerase. CD1 mouse embryos at developmental stages 9.5, 10.5, 11.5 and 12.5 days post-coitum (dpc) were obtained from the Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell, UK. Embryos were fixed overnight in 4% paraformaldehyde at 4 °C, stored in met ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.