A E M , May 2006, p. 3710–3715
... and quantification of human enteroviruses rely on the production of cytopathic effects in mammalian cell cultures; however, traditional infectivity assays are too time-consuming and laborintensive for routine applications. Studies have been directed toward applying molecular methods, such as reverse ...
... and quantification of human enteroviruses rely on the production of cytopathic effects in mammalian cell cultures; however, traditional infectivity assays are too time-consuming and laborintensive for routine applications. Studies have been directed toward applying molecular methods, such as reverse ...
The temperature effect during pulse application on cell membrane
... more pronounced in V79 cell line (Fig. 2). At 37 °C the cell membrane fluidity of studied cell lines differs, being less fluid in B16F1 than in V79 due to higher proportion of less fluid domain type 3 and higher order parameters of domain types 2 and 3 (Fig. 2). The morphology and size of the cells did ...
... more pronounced in V79 cell line (Fig. 2). At 37 °C the cell membrane fluidity of studied cell lines differs, being less fluid in B16F1 than in V79 due to higher proportion of less fluid domain type 3 and higher order parameters of domain types 2 and 3 (Fig. 2). The morphology and size of the cells did ...
Chapter 3 The Cellular Level of Organization
... Metaphase - microtubules align the centromeres of the chromatid pairs at the metaphase plate Anaphase - the chromatid pairs split at the centromere and move to opposite poles of the cell; the chromatids are now called chromosomes Telophase - two identical nuclei are formed around the identical sets ...
... Metaphase - microtubules align the centromeres of the chromatid pairs at the metaphase plate Anaphase - the chromatid pairs split at the centromere and move to opposite poles of the cell; the chromatids are now called chromosomes Telophase - two identical nuclei are formed around the identical sets ...
Jeopardy Biology 3 PowerPoint
... with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water and the swelling decreases. A – The swollen gums absorbed the salt solution. B – The salt solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums. C – The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient. D – The water in the ...
... with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water and the swelling decreases. A – The swollen gums absorbed the salt solution. B – The salt solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums. C – The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient. D – The water in the ...
Nuclear functions in space and time: Gene
... nucleosomes, which are in turn further compacted into chromatin fibers. (B) Packaging of chromatin fibers into higher order structures includes the establishment of open or ‘‘euchromatic’’ regions (light gray), and more condensed, or ‘‘heterochromatic’’ regions (dark gray), often found clustered aro ...
... nucleosomes, which are in turn further compacted into chromatin fibers. (B) Packaging of chromatin fibers into higher order structures includes the establishment of open or ‘‘euchromatic’’ regions (light gray), and more condensed, or ‘‘heterochromatic’’ regions (dark gray), often found clustered aro ...
Learning About Cells - Carson
... organized, the parts and functions of the cell, and how and why it is important to study cells. It is important that you remember that the simplest unit of life, the cell, is very complex and an integrated piece of the machinery that makes up all living things and how they work. As student observers ...
... organized, the parts and functions of the cell, and how and why it is important to study cells. It is important that you remember that the simplest unit of life, the cell, is very complex and an integrated piece of the machinery that makes up all living things and how they work. As student observers ...
Case study
... blend with areas of undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma and are generally placed in the latter category because of their similar natural history. Indeed, many of them are seen to develop from papillary carcinoma in a fashion analogous to that of undifferentiated carcinoma. has been suggested tha ...
... blend with areas of undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma and are generally placed in the latter category because of their similar natural history. Indeed, many of them are seen to develop from papillary carcinoma in a fashion analogous to that of undifferentiated carcinoma. has been suggested tha ...
Is central dogma a global property of cellular
... introduce several intermediary steps. These additional steps interfere with the key steps of the dogma and likely alter the information dynamics. In addition, epigenetics, or the role played by chromatin structures, DNA methylation and histone modifications, also seem to go against the simple pathwa ...
... introduce several intermediary steps. These additional steps interfere with the key steps of the dogma and likely alter the information dynamics. In addition, epigenetics, or the role played by chromatin structures, DNA methylation and histone modifications, also seem to go against the simple pathwa ...
The SPA2 Protein of Yeast Localizes to Sites of Cell Growth
... cell (Freifelder, 1960). Haploid a- and a-cells bud in an axial fashion, in which the new bud forms adjacent to the old bud site (Fig. 1). For diploid a/a-cells, the pattern of budding is dependent upon the pedigree of the cell involved. Mother cells, i.e., cells that have given birth to one or more ...
... cell (Freifelder, 1960). Haploid a- and a-cells bud in an axial fashion, in which the new bud forms adjacent to the old bud site (Fig. 1). For diploid a/a-cells, the pattern of budding is dependent upon the pedigree of the cell involved. Mother cells, i.e., cells that have given birth to one or more ...
Supplemental Figures
... Supplemental Figure 5. Light-dependent O2 exchange measured in wild-type and pgrl1 cells shifted from high CO2 to low CO2 (air). C. reinhardtii cells were grown autotrophically in photobioreactors operated as turbidostats at a constant biomass concentration (≈ 1.5 x 106 cells mL-1) in the presence o ...
... Supplemental Figure 5. Light-dependent O2 exchange measured in wild-type and pgrl1 cells shifted from high CO2 to low CO2 (air). C. reinhardtii cells were grown autotrophically in photobioreactors operated as turbidostats at a constant biomass concentration (≈ 1.5 x 106 cells mL-1) in the presence o ...
Document
... molecule must be able to do more than simply carry genes: 1. it must be able to replicate 2. the replicated copies must be separated and reliably partitioned into daughter cells at each cell division. ...
... molecule must be able to do more than simply carry genes: 1. it must be able to replicate 2. the replicated copies must be separated and reliably partitioned into daughter cells at each cell division. ...
Taxol-stabilized Microtubules Can Position the
... How microtubules act to position the plane of cell division during cytokinesis is a topic of much debate. Recently, we showed that a subpopulation of stable microtubules extends past chromosomes and interacts with the cell cortex at the site of furrowing, suggesting that these stabilized microtubule ...
... How microtubules act to position the plane of cell division during cytokinesis is a topic of much debate. Recently, we showed that a subpopulation of stable microtubules extends past chromosomes and interacts with the cell cortex at the site of furrowing, suggesting that these stabilized microtubule ...
Chapter 1: The Biochemical Basis of life
... The time required for the membrane to go from resting potential to action potential and back again is approximately 5 ms. An action potential can only be achieved if the stimulus is strong enough to cause depolarization to reach the threshold potential (all or nothing principle). Once the threshold ...
... The time required for the membrane to go from resting potential to action potential and back again is approximately 5 ms. An action potential can only be achieved if the stimulus is strong enough to cause depolarization to reach the threshold potential (all or nothing principle). Once the threshold ...
Advantages over Mechanical Dissociation of Cells
... PCA is a matrix rotation that creates a new set of axes (principal components, PCs) that define the directions of major variation within the data set. This process results in a reduction of variables as the original variables are recombined to define the new principal component axis. Thus, a large d ...
... PCA is a matrix rotation that creates a new set of axes (principal components, PCs) that define the directions of major variation within the data set. This process results in a reduction of variables as the original variables are recombined to define the new principal component axis. Thus, a large d ...
Prospore Membrane Formation Defines a Developmentally
... porulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an unusual form of cell division in which the daughter cells are formed within the original mother cell (Esposito and Klapholz, 1981). In this process, a single round of DNA replication followed by two meiotic divisions occurs within a single, intact nuclear ...
... porulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an unusual form of cell division in which the daughter cells are formed within the original mother cell (Esposito and Klapholz, 1981). In this process, a single round of DNA replication followed by two meiotic divisions occurs within a single, intact nuclear ...
Ch7 - kespinosa
... ONE CELL DIVIDES TO FORM TWO IDENTICAL CELLS • BINARY FISSION IS A FORM OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION, WHICH IS A PROCESS THAT INVOLVES ONLY ONE PARENT AND PRODUCES OFFSPRING THAT ARE IDENTICAL TO THE PARENT • DURING BINARY FISSION, A CELL FIRST DUPLICATES ITS GENETIC MATERIAL AND THEN DIVIDES INTO TWO SE ...
... ONE CELL DIVIDES TO FORM TWO IDENTICAL CELLS • BINARY FISSION IS A FORM OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION, WHICH IS A PROCESS THAT INVOLVES ONLY ONE PARENT AND PRODUCES OFFSPRING THAT ARE IDENTICAL TO THE PARENT • DURING BINARY FISSION, A CELL FIRST DUPLICATES ITS GENETIC MATERIAL AND THEN DIVIDES INTO TWO SE ...
Cellular Structure and Function
... ribosomes, and DNA. 1. The plasma membrane (also called the cell membrane) is a thin coat of lipids that surrounds a cell. It forms the physical boundary between the cell and its environment, so you can think of it as the “skin” of the cell. 2. Cytoplasm refers to all of the cellular material inside ...
... ribosomes, and DNA. 1. The plasma membrane (also called the cell membrane) is a thin coat of lipids that surrounds a cell. It forms the physical boundary between the cell and its environment, so you can think of it as the “skin” of the cell. 2. Cytoplasm refers to all of the cellular material inside ...
The MAP Kinase MPK4 Is Required for Cytokinesis
... Cytokinesis in plants is achieved by the formation of the cell plate. A pathway that includes mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase kinase and MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK) plays a key role in the control of plant cytokinesis. We show here that a MAP kinase, MPK4, is required for the formation o ...
... Cytokinesis in plants is achieved by the formation of the cell plate. A pathway that includes mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase kinase and MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK) plays a key role in the control of plant cytokinesis. We show here that a MAP kinase, MPK4, is required for the formation o ...
Evidence 14.docx
... The virus injects its genetic material through the injection tube and into the host cell. 4. Replication The genetic material makes multiple copies of itself. 42 of 39 ...
... The virus injects its genetic material through the injection tube and into the host cell. 4. Replication The genetic material makes multiple copies of itself. 42 of 39 ...
Host immune system against Toxoplasma infection Review
... Fas and Fas ligand Fas and FasL interaction is closely associated with immune privilege and probably provides a barrier to prevent pathogens from damaging tissues in privileged sites. Moreover, the expression of Fas was up-regulated by IFN-γ on human peripheral blood T cells in vitro (Oyaizu et al., ...
... Fas and Fas ligand Fas and FasL interaction is closely associated with immune privilege and probably provides a barrier to prevent pathogens from damaging tissues in privileged sites. Moreover, the expression of Fas was up-regulated by IFN-γ on human peripheral blood T cells in vitro (Oyaizu et al., ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.