Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... and exocytic pathways of eukaryotic cells (Nuoffer 1994; Simons 1993; Tisdale and Balch 1996). For example, DdRab4 (also named DdRabD) plays a role in endocytosis and in the regulation of the structure and function of the contractile vacuole complex (CV), possibly through membrane trafficking (Bush ...
... and exocytic pathways of eukaryotic cells (Nuoffer 1994; Simons 1993; Tisdale and Balch 1996). For example, DdRab4 (also named DdRabD) plays a role in endocytosis and in the regulation of the structure and function of the contractile vacuole complex (CV), possibly through membrane trafficking (Bush ...
traffic jams affect plant development and signal transduction
... cis-SNARE complex (a SNARE complex where all the constituents are on the same membrane), which is recognized by a v-SNARE that aligns its coiled-coil region to form a four-helix bundle. The formation of this complex drives the fusion of the target and vesicle membranes, which allows the delivery of ...
... cis-SNARE complex (a SNARE complex where all the constituents are on the same membrane), which is recognized by a v-SNARE that aligns its coiled-coil region to form a four-helix bundle. The formation of this complex drives the fusion of the target and vesicle membranes, which allows the delivery of ...
Genetic Control of Programmed Cell Death in the Nematode C
... (at least after the uptake of exogenous serotonin; see Figure 6) is less variable than that of dopamine in the supernumerary dopaminergic neurons described above. Specifically, 29 of 34 NSMs in ted-3(n777) animals and 36 of 38 NSMs in ted-3(n778) animals were adjacent to an extra serotonergic cell. ...
... (at least after the uptake of exogenous serotonin; see Figure 6) is less variable than that of dopamine in the supernumerary dopaminergic neurons described above. Specifically, 29 of 34 NSMs in ted-3(n777) animals and 36 of 38 NSMs in ted-3(n778) animals were adjacent to an extra serotonergic cell. ...
12.2 | Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes: Structure and
... into chromatin; as a result, DNA-binding proteins such as RNA polymerase, repressors, and CRP-cAMP complexes can directly bind to their preferred binding sites. In contrast, DNA-binding proteins in eukaryotes have to find their preferred binding sites in the context of a complicated DNA–protein comp ...
... into chromatin; as a result, DNA-binding proteins such as RNA polymerase, repressors, and CRP-cAMP complexes can directly bind to their preferred binding sites. In contrast, DNA-binding proteins in eukaryotes have to find their preferred binding sites in the context of a complicated DNA–protein comp ...
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... ages ~50-65 hours (Fig. 3A-C). Older segments (anterior) contained mesoderm that was shifted ventrally with respect to the neuroectoderm, while in younger (posterior) segments, neuroectoderm was positioned ventral with respect to mesoderm. Longitudinal muscle fibers that contacted the lateral edge o ...
... ages ~50-65 hours (Fig. 3A-C). Older segments (anterior) contained mesoderm that was shifted ventrally with respect to the neuroectoderm, while in younger (posterior) segments, neuroectoderm was positioned ventral with respect to mesoderm. Longitudinal muscle fibers that contacted the lateral edge o ...
Non-genetic heterogeneity of cells in development: more than just
... Attractor state. A stationary and stable network state into which a set of particular network states will eventually evolve (‘be attracted to’). This happens because the interactions between the network elements impose constraints so that the majority of theoretically possible network states is unst ...
... Attractor state. A stationary and stable network state into which a set of particular network states will eventually evolve (‘be attracted to’). This happens because the interactions between the network elements impose constraints so that the majority of theoretically possible network states is unst ...
Cell Surface Membrane Remodelling and Mitochondrial
... covering the central well with a coverslipPrior to imaging, culture dishes are affixed to the microscope stage to eliminate movement; blue tack, or double-sided tape are inexpensive and highly effective. Relocating an individual neuron is difficult if a culture dish has been moved even slightly, so ...
... covering the central well with a coverslipPrior to imaging, culture dishes are affixed to the microscope stage to eliminate movement; blue tack, or double-sided tape are inexpensive and highly effective. Relocating an individual neuron is difficult if a culture dish has been moved even slightly, so ...
EMT in developmental morphogenesis
... lateral membrane adheres to each other (e.g., through adherens junctions); (5) Their basal membrane interacts with a specialized extracellular matrix, the basement membrane (e.g., through integrins and dystroglycan) [2–4,6,20]. Cells organized this way are considered to be fully epithelial (Fig. 2A) ...
... lateral membrane adheres to each other (e.g., through adherens junctions); (5) Their basal membrane interacts with a specialized extracellular matrix, the basement membrane (e.g., through integrins and dystroglycan) [2–4,6,20]. Cells organized this way are considered to be fully epithelial (Fig. 2A) ...
Chapter Test B
... a. The cell’s DNA is copied before cell division. VIRs1 b. As the cell grows, the loops of DNA become separated. c. The DNA and its copy attach to the inside of the cell membrane. d. The new bacterium is genetically different from the parent bacterium. ______12. Which of the following is NOT a true ...
... a. The cell’s DNA is copied before cell division. VIRs1 b. As the cell grows, the loops of DNA become separated. c. The DNA and its copy attach to the inside of the cell membrane. d. The new bacterium is genetically different from the parent bacterium. ______12. Which of the following is NOT a true ...
Online Counseling Resource YCMOU ELearning Drive…
... increase the surface area of membranes to which enzymes are bound for specific enzymatic functions. The photosynthetic apparatus of photosynthetic prokaryotes is contained in these types of membranous structures. Mesosomes may also represent specialized membrane regions involved in DNA replicati ...
... increase the surface area of membranes to which enzymes are bound for specific enzymatic functions. The photosynthetic apparatus of photosynthetic prokaryotes is contained in these types of membranous structures. Mesosomes may also represent specialized membrane regions involved in DNA replicati ...
Forever Young | Book by Nicholas Perricone | Excerpt
... elevating levels of glutathione in the liver cells, preventing free-radical damage and liver damage. Although we all pitied the poor children who were forced to drink this horrible-smelling solution, we surmised that after experiencing this drink, they would not go near a Tylenol tablet, unsupervise ...
... elevating levels of glutathione in the liver cells, preventing free-radical damage and liver damage. Although we all pitied the poor children who were forced to drink this horrible-smelling solution, we surmised that after experiencing this drink, they would not go near a Tylenol tablet, unsupervise ...
PDF
... ubiquitous transgene expression throughout development, equivalent to the Rosa26 locus used in mouse genetics. But no longer, for in one of Development’s inaugural Technical papers (p. 169), Leonard Zon and co-workers report that the zebrafish ubiquitin (ubi) promoter can drive constitutive transgen ...
... ubiquitous transgene expression throughout development, equivalent to the Rosa26 locus used in mouse genetics. But no longer, for in one of Development’s inaugural Technical papers (p. 169), Leonard Zon and co-workers report that the zebrafish ubiquitin (ubi) promoter can drive constitutive transgen ...
Chapter 2 The Microsporangium and the Pollen Grain
... the plasmalemma of tapetal cells even when their walls have dissolved, and when no fresh synthesis of cellulose is expected. In Helleborus, at the sporogenous stage, organelles in the tapetal cells are recognized with difficulty, though mitochondria, plastids, and a number of "grey bodies" or pro-Ub ...
... the plasmalemma of tapetal cells even when their walls have dissolved, and when no fresh synthesis of cellulose is expected. In Helleborus, at the sporogenous stage, organelles in the tapetal cells are recognized with difficulty, though mitochondria, plastids, and a number of "grey bodies" or pro-Ub ...
FLASH CARDS
... The diffusion of particles through proteins in the cell membranes from areas where the concentration of particles is high to areas where the concentration of particles is low ...
... The diffusion of particles through proteins in the cell membranes from areas where the concentration of particles is high to areas where the concentration of particles is low ...
PDF
... ubiquitous transgene expression throughout development, equivalent to the Rosa26 locus used in mouse genetics. But no longer, for in one of Development’s inaugural Technical papers (p. 169), Leonard Zon and co-workers report that the zebrafish ubiquitin (ubi) promoter can drive constitutive transgen ...
... ubiquitous transgene expression throughout development, equivalent to the Rosa26 locus used in mouse genetics. But no longer, for in one of Development’s inaugural Technical papers (p. 169), Leonard Zon and co-workers report that the zebrafish ubiquitin (ubi) promoter can drive constitutive transgen ...
Tissues Response to Injury
... refers to ‘Structural Abnormalities’ of which there are 10 groups including Inflammation, Thrombosis and Neoplasia. • ‘Tissue Response to Injury’ Concept include the concept of Degeneration and Necrosis for Reversible and Irreversible Injury respectively! • You as students of Pathology should apprec ...
... refers to ‘Structural Abnormalities’ of which there are 10 groups including Inflammation, Thrombosis and Neoplasia. • ‘Tissue Response to Injury’ Concept include the concept of Degeneration and Necrosis for Reversible and Irreversible Injury respectively! • You as students of Pathology should apprec ...
PDF
... ubiquitous transgene expression throughout development, equivalent to the Rosa26 locus used in mouse genetics. But no longer, for in one of Development’s inaugural Technical papers (p. 169), Leonard Zon and co-workers report that the zebrafish ubiquitin (ubi) promoter can drive constitutive transgen ...
... ubiquitous transgene expression throughout development, equivalent to the Rosa26 locus used in mouse genetics. But no longer, for in one of Development’s inaugural Technical papers (p. 169), Leonard Zon and co-workers report that the zebrafish ubiquitin (ubi) promoter can drive constitutive transgen ...
Investigating Bacterial Pathogen-host Interaction by Using Scanning
... A transmission electron microscope (TEM) uses a high voltage electron beam to create an image, and offers structural and composition information with high resolution. It can image a specimen up to 1 micrometer (μm) thickness, and can achieve better than 0.5 angstrom (Å) resolution and about 10,000,0 ...
... A transmission electron microscope (TEM) uses a high voltage electron beam to create an image, and offers structural and composition information with high resolution. It can image a specimen up to 1 micrometer (μm) thickness, and can achieve better than 0.5 angstrom (Å) resolution and about 10,000,0 ...
Introductory Biology 151/153
... General Learning Goals and Objectives (in no particular order) Develop a broad knowledge base sufficient to understand, connect, & synthesize the Vision & Change core concepts: Evolution; Structure and Function; Information Flow, Exchange, and Storage; Pathways and Transformations of Energy and Ma ...
... General Learning Goals and Objectives (in no particular order) Develop a broad knowledge base sufficient to understand, connect, & synthesize the Vision & Change core concepts: Evolution; Structure and Function; Information Flow, Exchange, and Storage; Pathways and Transformations of Energy and Ma ...
Full Text - Harvard University
... xylem vessels with reduced mechanical strength (17). Similar deformation has been observed under extreme xylem tensions (18), demonstrating the importance of the mechanical properties of conduit walls in water transport (19). Primary-wall lignification also influences the mechanical interactions bet ...
... xylem vessels with reduced mechanical strength (17). Similar deformation has been observed under extreme xylem tensions (18), demonstrating the importance of the mechanical properties of conduit walls in water transport (19). Primary-wall lignification also influences the mechanical interactions bet ...
PLANT HORMONES 12 AUGUST 2015 Section A
... on the upper side grow faster, causing the root to turn downwards. The root is positively geotrophic. Stems are negatively geotrophic because they grow away from gravity. The high concentration of auxin on the ventral (bottom)end stimulates cell division and elongation in STEMS thus the stem would g ...
... on the upper side grow faster, causing the root to turn downwards. The root is positively geotrophic. Stems are negatively geotrophic because they grow away from gravity. The high concentration of auxin on the ventral (bottom)end stimulates cell division and elongation in STEMS thus the stem would g ...
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... simple contacts onto a relay cell dendrite, and vice versa for Y cells. In an attempt to begin to unravel the function of the triad in the cat’s lateral geniculate nucleus, we have recently confirmed previous immunocytochemical evidence (Godwin et al. 1996) that the synapse from the retinal terminal ...
... simple contacts onto a relay cell dendrite, and vice versa for Y cells. In an attempt to begin to unravel the function of the triad in the cat’s lateral geniculate nucleus, we have recently confirmed previous immunocytochemical evidence (Godwin et al. 1996) that the synapse from the retinal terminal ...
Proliferation and Differentiation Status in Rat Liver and
... the MyoD family of transcriptional regulators can activate the muscle differentiation program as well as induce growth arrest (16, 17). Conversely, Id proteins inhibit myogenesis and, at the same time, act as the essential regulators of cell cycle progression (5, 18). In the liver, cessation of DNA ...
... the MyoD family of transcriptional regulators can activate the muscle differentiation program as well as induce growth arrest (16, 17). Conversely, Id proteins inhibit myogenesis and, at the same time, act as the essential regulators of cell cycle progression (5, 18). In the liver, cessation of DNA ...
Cell Death and Differentiation
... and subsequent modulation of their biological activities.6 Although considerable research has focused on the Ca2 þ bound form of CaM, it is known that the Ca2 þ -free state of CaM, apocalmodulin (ApoCaM), also binds to other (or overlapping) proteins and signals cellular responses.7,8 ApoCaM differs ...
... and subsequent modulation of their biological activities.6 Although considerable research has focused on the Ca2 þ bound form of CaM, it is known that the Ca2 þ -free state of CaM, apocalmodulin (ApoCaM), also binds to other (or overlapping) proteins and signals cellular responses.7,8 ApoCaM differs ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.