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The Hardy-Weinberg Principles
The Hardy-Weinberg Principles

... • Evolution is caused by the changing of populations. ...
Principle of antimicrobial use (MD4) 2549
Principle of antimicrobial use (MD4) 2549

... and physical examination including bed-side lab. • Determine if antibiotic therapy is necessary for the given infection • Choose the individual agent for the infection based on the following: In vitro activity of the antibiotic against the most likely pathogens in the disease ...
Ch38-Pharmacist Malpractice and Liability
Ch38-Pharmacist Malpractice and Liability

... caps, unless the patient requests otherwise.” For the pharmacist’s protection, the patient or caregiver should be required to sign a written request for each new prescription ordered without a safety cap. A once-a-year blanket release is inadequate. Another area of miscellaneous claims involves the ...
CHAPTER 4 –ORGANIZATION OF THE BODY OBJECTIVES On
CHAPTER 4 –ORGANIZATION OF THE BODY OBJECTIVES On

... anesthesia during surgery, which drugs were used, dose, and time given, patient response, monitoring of vital signs, how well the patient tolerated the anesthesia, and if there were any complications. 14. Pathology Report – a documentation from the pathologist regarding the findings or results of sa ...
Chapter 19
Chapter 19

... not experience the side effects of the older NSAIDS. Unfortunately, some have side effects of increased risk of heart attack and stroke as well as allergic reactions and internal bleeding. ...
Syllabus - Angelina College
Syllabus - Angelina College

... 6. Recommend appropriate bronchodilator therapy for various patient situations, including drug, dosage, frequency and route of delivery. 7. Describe appropriate techniques for monitoring the patient's response to bronchodilator therapy. 8. Define key terms related to mucokinetic and surfactant agent ...
Research News - 25% ME Group
Research News - 25% ME Group

...  A test-retest cardiopulmonary exercise study revealed a drop of 22% in peak VO2 and 27% VO2 at AT on the second day evaluation. Both submaximal and self-paced exercise resulted in PENE.  These impairments and the loss of invigorating effects distinguish ME from depression. 10. Implications for Di ...
Heroin Opium, morphine and heroin are all derived from the opium
Heroin Opium, morphine and heroin are all derived from the opium

... At times it gives a feeling of happiness and well-being. Heroin, after injection, rapidly reaches the brain, thus giving an immediate effect. Because of its pain relief and "happiness" effect, heroin is potentially the most addictive drug of the narcotic/analgesic type. If the body is not supplied w ...
A New Health Care Gimmick: Concierge Medicine
A New Health Care Gimmick: Concierge Medicine

... tubular inflammation or necrosis [death of cells]. All cases occurred at the 80 mg dose which was also associated with the greatest number of patients with abnormal renal findings in these clinical trials. Proteinuria and hematuria could be potentially managed with regular urinalysis screening. Howe ...
Dementia and Pharmacy Intervention
Dementia and Pharmacy Intervention

... • Occur when the effectiveness or toxicity of a drug is altered by the concomitant administration of another drug • 3 classifications of drug interactions ...
Epinephrine and Glucagon by Intramuscular
Epinephrine and Glucagon by Intramuscular

... Polypeptide _______________________ identical to human glucagon  Increases blood glucose and relaxes smooth muscles of the GI tract  Acts only on _______________________ glycogen, converting it to glucose  Indications: _______________________ where patient cannot take oral glucose and an IV is un ...
Reading Guide for Week 8
Reading Guide for Week 8

... in this section to learn more. C) Would you say that the resistant bacteria were pre-existing (already present) in the population before exposure to the drug, or did the drug cause that one bacterium to change from being sensitive to being resistant to the drug? D) You can see in Figure 20.13 that t ...
Ch3 Pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics
Ch3 Pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics

... cells of the stomach. The inside of these cells have a pH of 7.4. Most of the drug molecules will shift to the ionized/hydrophilic form in this pH, which will “trap” those molecules inside the cells. • There will always be some nonionized/lipophilic molecules inside the stomach cells. As a nonionize ...
Retinitis Pigmentosa MR.MANAVIAT YAZD university of medical
Retinitis Pigmentosa MR.MANAVIAT YAZD university of medical

File - Wk 1-2
File - Wk 1-2

...  Receptors are taken into cell be endocytosis and also depends on receptor phosphorylation  Common for hormone receptors Exhaustion of mediators  Desensitisation can be associated with depletion of an intermediate substance (rarer) Increased metabolic degradation of the drug  After repeated admi ...
Complementary Therapies
Complementary Therapies

... conventional medicine (eg using acupuncture to help with side effects of cancer treatment • “Alternative” refers to using a non-mainstream approach in place of conventional medicine (eg using certain diets to cure cancer instead of surgery, chemo, radiation, or biological modifiers) • “Traditional” ...
4- Extravasation and Chemoprotectant
4- Extravasation and Chemoprotectant

genetic risk factors
genetic risk factors

... of selected risk factors from vascular and genetic fields. The aim of the study is to recruit 800 cases of AD and 800 controls. In this paper we report some preliminary results from analyses of 394 cases and 287 controls. ...
Genetic Deaths Among Droids
Genetic Deaths Among Droids

... Bectra is a fatal genetic disease impacting Droids. It is caused by a recessive gene. Individuals who inherit Bectra die in the larva stage. ...
The new genetics and ethics - Indian Journal of Medical Ethics
The new genetics and ethics - Indian Journal of Medical Ethics

... affected children. There is support from ethicists for such 0 applications of gene therapy to somatic cells. Controversy continues to surround the extension of such methods to the germ line which might enable the individual with the gene defect to bear children inheriting the inserted normal copy of ...
Mendelian Genetics
Mendelian Genetics

... In some cases, two alleles express themselves equally, but separately Called codominance For example, alleles for white and red colours in a flower express equally to give a speckled red and white flower Neither allele masks the other This is similar to incomplete dominance where both alleles blend ...
The biology of business
The biology of business

... behaviour have relied on participants’ retrospective reports of their earlier psychological states, which are often inaccurate. This concern, however, is being allayed with the advent of techniques such as Dr Song’s mobile-sampling method. Another worry is that, despite the fact that most twin studi ...
Bio Inquiry - GEOCITIES.ws
Bio Inquiry - GEOCITIES.ws

... future generations in a matter of several years. However, if the one individual existed in a population of 1000 organisms, it will take centuries for the same trait to be passed to all individuals in a future generation at the same conditions as that of the colony of ten organisms. 13. Founder effec ...
Part 1
Part 1

... retention, constipation, and dry mouth ...
File
File

... For each of the following examples, write Genotype if the trait is determined by genotype, and Environment if it is determined by environment. ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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