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Human Genome Project
Human Genome Project

... What does the draft human genome sequence tell us? How It's Arranged • The human genome's gene-dense "urban centers" are predominantly composed of the DNA building blocks G and C. • In contrast, the gene-poor "deserts" are rich in the DNA building blocks A and T. GC- and AT-rich regions usually can ...
2.4.measuring evolution of populations
2.4.measuring evolution of populations

... CR 5 0.7, Cr 5 0.3; the genotype ratio is not what would be predicted from these frequencies and the population is not in equilibrium. CR 5 0.7, Cr 5 0.3; the genotype ratio is what would be predicted from these frequencies and the population is in equilibrium. CR 5 1.04, Cr 5 0.44; the allele frequ ...
Dravets_LETM1 - Medicinal Genomics
Dravets_LETM1 - Medicinal Genomics

... anchor proteins, might be responsible. Recent studies on animal models showed that alterations in the biogenesis of GPI anchor proteins can alter expression of Nav1.1 encoded by SCN1A [21] gene. As epilepsy is such a variable disorder that can present itself in different types and different phenotyp ...
... or Prescription Occasionally?
... or Prescription Occasionally?

... rate. The most plausible reason for this dramatic reversal of the preceding downward trend, according to my analysis of the data, is the marked acceleration of drug consumption engendered by the post-war pharmacological revolutionanother reminder that great benefits are not costless. This lesson has ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

Nausea and Vomiting
Nausea and Vomiting

... Describe the biochemical and physical pathways involved Consider appropriate investigations/interventions Be aware of anti-emetics and their receptor activity Select the appropriate first line antiemetic regime ...
Genotypes and Phenotypes
Genotypes and Phenotypes

... A genotype is a way to list the genes an organism has, which indicates the actual combination of alleles. You will be doing an activity that illustrates what can happen when the genes from two parents combine to produce new combinations of genes in their offspring. An example of a gene that can be p ...
FDB ISSUE BRIEF: Prescription Drug Abuse in
FDB ISSUE BRIEF: Prescription Drug Abuse in

... patients with needed medications. As such, the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Food and Drug Administration are all rallying to support the expansion of PDMPs. Yet many clinicians are unaware of these programs, and their use ...
Intro to Mendelian Genetics
Intro to Mendelian Genetics

... • F2 - second filial generation, bred by crossing two F1 plants together or allowing a F1 to self-pollinate. ...
chapt16_lecture_edited [Compatibility Mode]
chapt16_lecture_edited [Compatibility Mode]

... At meiosis, one member of each chromosome pair segregates into one daughter nucleus and its homologue segregates into the other daughter nucleus. Each of the resulting haploid cells contains only one set of chromosomes. During the formation of haploid cells, the members of different chromosome pairs ...
Punnett Squares - No Brain Too Small
Punnett Squares - No Brain Too Small

... A new plant variety is established that shows variation in both the pattern of the veins and the lobe shape of the leaves. The genes controlling these features are located on different pairs of homologous chromosomes. R = allele for regular patterned veins r = allele for irregular patterned veins D ...
C17.2 PPT - Destiny High School
C17.2 PPT - Destiny High School

... Research into the human genome has given scientists a greater understanding of how genetic diseases progress. ...
Doribax Indications
Doribax Indications

Vol 11 #3 - Vancouver Acute Pharmaceutical Sciences
Vol 11 #3 - Vancouver Acute Pharmaceutical Sciences

... Tiotropium demonstrates superior bronchodilation compared to placebo and ipratropium. Studies have yet to demonstrate significant superiority of tiotropium over salmeterol. Tiotropium is currently recommended in the Canadian COPD Guidelines as an option for patients who are not optimall y controlled ...
Reference Handbooks
Reference Handbooks

... Many physiologic changes occur with aging, some of which affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of medications. For many drugs, exact dosing guidelines for geriatric patients have not been established and most references do not specifically address the use of medications in the elderly. Th ...
PHARMACOLOGY – Simplified, not Mystified
PHARMACOLOGY – Simplified, not Mystified

... • Nighttime dosing may be more efficacious than daytime dosing (better absorption)(Bolk) • Most important—take at the same time of day on empty stomach • Adjust doses as the patient ages—why? • Levothyroxine RX can also cause atrial fib if the dose is too high; levothyroxine doses DECREASE with agin ...
eMERGE Network Project Proposal for
eMERGE Network Project Proposal for

... analyses that adjusted for age and gender and assumed an additive genetic model ...
methylPREDNISolone - DavisPlus
methylPREDNISolone - DavisPlus

... to take medication as directed. Take missed doses as soon as remembered unless almost time for next dose. Do not double doses. Stopping the medication suddenly may result in adrenal insufficiency (anorexia, nausea, weakness, fatigue, dyspnea, hypotension, hypoglycemia). If these signs appear, notify ...
open as PDF
open as PDF

... Archaea encompass extremophiles, metagenomics has shown that they are ubiquitous, documenting the diversification potential of this ancient group. Archaeal lineages include among others, methanogens, sulfur reducers, fermenters and ammonia oxidizers. As more and more archaea continue to be discovere ...
Chapter 6,7,8 DRUGS - Armstrong State University
Chapter 6,7,8 DRUGS - Armstrong State University

6. MENDELIAN GENETICS. LINKAGE AND GENETIC MAPS.
6. MENDELIAN GENETICS. LINKAGE AND GENETIC MAPS.

... Examples for the dominant-recessive mode of inheritance in humans Traits and genetic disorders linked to autosomes There are several traits that follow the dominant-recessive mode of inheritance. For example, brown eyes are dominant to blue, woolly hair is dominant to straight. Inheritance of severa ...
Muscle Relaxants, Substance Abuse and CNS Stimulants
Muscle Relaxants, Substance Abuse and CNS Stimulants

... LAAM (Orlaam) is synthetic, Schedule II narcotic used for treatment of opiate dependence. Can be given three times weekly (If M-W-F, Friday dosing needs to be larger to prevent withdrawal s/s over weekend) ...
CHAPTER 1- PLANNING YOUR EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
CHAPTER 1- PLANNING YOUR EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

... 1. How could you use the random number table shown in Table 1.5 to identify participants: (a) from the electoral roll? (b) from a list of all first-year psychology students at your university? SUGGESTED RESPONSE (a) A random number table is a versatile tool. In using it to randomly identify particip ...
RefresherMedical-7PoisoningsOverdose
RefresherMedical-7PoisoningsOverdose

... • Use more then a week leads to tolerance to effects on sleep patterns • Withdrawal after long term results in “rebound” increase in frequency of occurrence, duration of REM sleep. • In high doses, sedative-hypnotics depress CNS to point of Stage III or general anesthesia ...
Gene counseling and gene therapy
Gene counseling and gene therapy

... their lungs by breathing in a mucus-breaking drug made with recombinant DNA technology. The drug contains a protein that chews up the DNA so the mucus is easier to remove from the lungs by coughing. 4. An experimental approach to curing cystic fibrosis uses a genetically engineered cold virus that d ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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