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DRUGS IN PREGNANCY
DRUGS IN PREGNANCY

... Drug selection is easier when drugs fall under the categories A, D, or X. The dilemma is with medications that fall under the categories B and C where adequate studies are not available to make a definitive judgement. Risk versus benefit, as well as some of the drug characteristics, are the next bes ...
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... antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia under naturalistic treatment conditions. An advantage to the non-random assignment of antipsychotics in our study is that if a medication is clinically more effective for certain subgroups of patients who are recognizable by health care professionals, the neuroco ...
PHASE II DRUG METABOLIZING ENZYMES Petra Jancovaa*, Pavel
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... toxic effects of clinical drugs. Although phase II reactions are generally detoxifying, the conjugates formed may also mediate adverse effects (e.g. conjugates acting as carriers for potentially carcinogenic compounds in the activation of benzylic alkohols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic ...
FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF DRUG IN ADHESIVE TRANSDERMAL PATCHES Research Article
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... system has created much interest in the pharmaceutical industry and has activated research activities related to it1-2. Transdermal delivery has many advantages over conventional modes of drug administration, it avoids hepatic first pass metabolism, potentially decreases side effects and improves pa ...
The Doctor-Patient Relationship in Pharmacotherapy of Depression
The Doctor-Patient Relationship in Pharmacotherapy of Depression

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please click here
please click here

... 1. Both loci are showing incomplete dominance: if two heterozygotes are crossed, then the odds of being red (RR) are ¼, and the odds of being oval (Ll) are ½. If the loci are independently assorting, they would follow the product rule: Ans: 1/8 (b). The next two problems outline a situation similar ...
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PRACTICE ON INTRAVENOUS DRUG PREPARATION AND

... in ensuring a good quality of care. There are many health care processes to be analyzed in order to improve patient safety, but medication management should be highlighted because of its complexity and many steps involved from prescription to administration. Administration of medicine is one of the ...
PHASE II DRUG METABOLIZING ENZYMES Petra Jancovaa*, Pavel
PHASE II DRUG METABOLIZING ENZYMES Petra Jancovaa*, Pavel

... toxic effects of clinical drugs. Although phase II reactions are generally detoxifying, the conjugates formed may also mediate adverse effects (e.g. conjugates acting as carriers for potentially carcinogenic compounds in the activation of benzylic alkohols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic ...
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Unit 12 Test Review
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Substance Abuse Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment - NASW-NC
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... different samples with normal copy numbers, serially diluted from 40 ng to 2.5 ng of genomic DNA. Data analysis was further performed using the ∆∆CT method. CNV ratio was normalized ratio of ∆∆CT, based on the calibration samples with normal copy numbers (=∆∆CTsample/∆∆CTcalibration). Experiments in ...
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32 - Quia

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... outcome or success of the drug in question, will provide consumers with the information they need to make a truly educated choice about the drugs and medicines they place into their bodies. Part II of this Note will follow the evolution of the federal drug legislation and will note its changes in re ...
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... statistical and machine learning methods. This encompasses applications such as clinical decision-support tools, risk stratification calculators, rare disease detection algorithms and physician targeting alerts. John has over twenty years developing predictive analytics solutions in life sciences, f ...
word - Office of the Federal Public Defender
word - Office of the Federal Public Defender

... A review of the current status and dangers of antipsychotic drugs reveal the importance of specificity regarding the type of drug, and the dosage. Drugs used to treat psychotic illnesses in general C and schizophrenia in particular—are classified into two categories, Atypical@ antipsychotics and Aat ...
Selection, Gene Pools, Hardy
Selection, Gene Pools, Hardy

... Selection, Gene Pools, Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Differences between reality and these predictions can help us figure out how selection and mating are really working! Under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of homozygotes for an allele is equal to the square of that allele's frequency. In o ...
The diagnostic utility of a genetics evaluation in children
The diagnostic utility of a genetics evaluation in children

... Purpose: A genetics evaluation of children with pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) identifies a diagnosis in 6% to 15% of cases. However, previous studies have not measured the incidence of genetic disorders among children with autistic-like features who do not necessarily meet the Diagnostic ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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