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Sample Letter of Medical Necessity
Sample Letter of Medical Necessity

... The FAMILION genetic test is a CLIA-certified test designed to identify mutations in ion channel genes in patients and their family members with inherited cardiac channelopathies such as Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) and Brugada Syndrome. The test is performed in a commercial laboratory that meets all app ...
Some extremely compelling evidence that coronary artery disease
Some extremely compelling evidence that coronary artery disease

... Several drugs, alone and in combination, may be able to achieve these lipid goals. And new drugs and combinations are being developed that may match and even exceed the targets set by the ASTEROID study. The Ventura Heart Institute has been involved with the development of many of these agents and ...
ENZYMES
ENZYMES

... The most important enzymes involved in drug interactions are members of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system that are responsible for many of the phase 1 biotransformations of drugs. These metabolic transformations, such as oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis, produce a molecule that is suitable for con ...
Lecture 1
Lecture 1

... –  Remain an important part of toxicological testing –  Essential to investigate both interference with integrative function and complex homeostatic mechanisms –  Necessary to prevent extensive toxicity in subsequent human trials ...
experiments
experiments

... does not receive any drug or pill of any kind). A placebo is a fake treatment, such as a sugar pill. It is used to test the hypothesis that the response to the treatment is due to the actual treatment and not to how the subject is being taken care of. ...
Lecture 1 (Anticoags) 1. What is hemostasis? 2. What is thrombosis
Lecture 1 (Anticoags) 1. What is hemostasis? 2. What is thrombosis

... 17. What is the major indication for use of thrombolytics? What is the timeframe? 18. What is the major adverse effect of streptokinase use as a thrombolytic? 19. What drugs are not recommended for use in treatment during acute ischemic stroke? ...
LC/MS for Clinical Toxicology
LC/MS for Clinical Toxicology

... status precipitously diminished leading to intubation with need for sedation/ paralysis. Patient had AMI; while being resuscitated, patient developed Torsades de Pointes which resolved after CPR, IV MG, and IV NaHCO3. EKG showed a prolonged QT >600msec List of Medications Aspirin Fluoxetine Metoprol ...
SJS and TEN : Prevention, treatment and prognosis
SJS and TEN : Prevention, treatment and prognosis

... The use of systemic corticosteroids is still controversial. Corticosteroids given 48 hours or more prior to admission are associated with ...
Making Genomics Relevant in the Medical Curriculum
Making Genomics Relevant in the Medical Curriculum

... spasticity and weakness for 2 years. There is no family history of similar symptoms, and she has no children. A diagnosis of hereditary spastic paraplegia is being considered. Should she be tested? If so, how? ...
Founder effects in human populations
Founder effects in human populations

... misinterpretations of "Mitochondrial Eve" are a case in point: it may be hard to explain that a "mitochondrial Eve" was not the only woman of her time. In humans, founder effects can arise from cultural isolation, and inevitably, endogamy. For example, the Amish populations in the United States exhi ...
Library Of Rare CNS Drugs Available For Collaboration
Library Of Rare CNS Drugs Available For Collaboration

... ing  existing  drugs  as  starting  points  in  drug  discovery  are  well  recognized;  the  drugs  can  be  re-­‐ positioned   for   new   indications,   used   as   high-­‐quality   lead   compounds,   or   serve   as   molecular   tools ...
Antifungal Drug Level Monitoring - ViraCor
Antifungal Drug Level Monitoring - ViraCor

... Monitoring trough levels of voriconazole is suggested in patients with impaired liver function, patients with pharmacogenomic polymorphisms associated with lower metabolism of voriconazole (e.g. genotypes CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3), and in patients taking other medications that affect CYP2C19 activity ...
A1983QW37300001
A1983QW37300001

... “In a sense, therefore, this work was the logical outcome of my philosophy of management, which recognised that the family practitioner had to do most of the work and that the ultimate aim of the hospital physician should be to improve the standard of treatment in general practice. “The propranolol ...
2015 Preferred Drug List Exclusions
2015 Preferred Drug List Exclusions

... 2015 Preferred Drug List Exclusions The excluded medications shown below are not covered on the Express Scripts drug list. In most cases, if you fill a prescription for one of these drugs, you will pay the full retail price. Take action to avoid paying full price. If you are currently using one of t ...
CHAPTER 14 VOCAB
CHAPTER 14 VOCAB

... re- again; com- together; -bin two at a time (recombinant: an offspring whose phenotype differs from that of the parents) trans- across (translocation: attachment of a chromosomal fragment to a nonhomologous chromosome) tri- three; soma- body (trisomic: a chromosomal condition in which a particular ...
Antacids and Analgesics
Antacids and Analgesics

...  Not anti-inflammatory  Side effects include blood disorders… damage to kidnes…  Not safe to take with alcohol  Overdose can cause liver damage, brain damage, coma, death ...
Oral pharmaceutical composition
Oral pharmaceutical composition

... • to solve problems at treatment of Parkinson disease (PD) • PD is long-lasting disease (life long disease) • PD is characterized by a dopamine deficiency • dopamine is a neurotransmitter in the brain • levodopa (LD) is a dopamine precursor (levodopa  dopamine) • it is the drug of choice in the tre ...
Implications
Implications

... potential all antihypertensive agents have other important mechanisms of action, indications, and side effects. • These actions may convey benefits or risks independent of BP lowering • By having a common BP goal for all treatment arms, ALLHAT aimed to evaluate the health effects of these non-BP act ...
GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY (absorption)
GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY (absorption)

... Drugs or highly lipid insoluble drugs. ...
Free PDF
Free PDF

... cytochrome P (CYP) 450 substrates, inducers or inhibitors, co-administration with other metabolized drugs could result in drug accumulation and possible toxicity or decreased efficacy of one or both treatments. Cancer patients receive a large number of drugs during their treatment including those fo ...
Document
Document

... coevolutionary history between plants and animals. • Plants develop new alkaloids to limit their consumption by animals - the animals develop new enzymes to metabolize the plant toxins, and so on. ...
John Nagelhout
John Nagelhout

... Phenytoin is an example of a drug that obeys Michaelis-Menten rather than first-order pharmacokinetics. In this case, as plasma concentration increases, the clearance decreases and the half-life becomes longer. Cytochrome P450 is a generic term for the group of enzymes that are responsible for most ...
HEROIN WITHDRAWAL PRECIPITATED BY NALTREXONE DACAS
HEROIN WITHDRAWAL PRECIPITATED BY NALTREXONE DACAS

... confused and sedated. If conventional anti-emetics (maxolon 10 mg, ondansitron 4 - 8 mg IM) have not been effective and Octreotide (Sandostatin) 100 mcg sc may be effective. Prescribers need to be aware of the PBS guidelines for the more potent anti-emetics.  Sympathetic over-activity of a withdraw ...
Drug metabolizing enzyme activities versus genetic variances for
Drug metabolizing enzyme activities versus genetic variances for

... turnover. Measurement of the rate of substrate metabolism and/or product formation is therefore used to the assess phenotypes. This requires the subject to have taken the drug, either in single dosage or at steady state. Accurate assessments also require that the subject be free of other influences ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... • Benzodiazepines (BZs) are the most extensively analysed medicinal drugs regarding risk assessment in traffic. • BZs, particularly long half-life acting drugs, in higher therapeutic doses and / or at the start of treatment are most likely to cause an increase in crash risk. • Increased risk of BZs ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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