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CHM 708
CHM 708

... DNA ...
Mendel’s Legacy
Mendel’s Legacy

... • Sickle cell anemia- adenine is substituted for thymine ...
456 PHG
456 PHG

... B- Biologics related to human food e.g., human albumin, anti-heamophilic factor. ...
Opiates and Opioids
Opiates and Opioids

... Codeine, (3-methylmorphine) a natural opiate, is available as single ingredient or as a component of many medications. Codeine is derived from the poppy plant and has been used for years as an analgesic, anti-coughing and anti-diarrheal medication. In the body, the liver converts a portion of codein ...
Taking Drugs as Directed - Consumer Health Choices
Taking Drugs as Directed - Consumer Health Choices

... • The bottle or box tells you how many times a day to take the drug and how much to take each time. ...
The treatment of hypertension IN THE ELDERLY
The treatment of hypertension IN THE ELDERLY

... a. True. Particularly in case of older well-hydrated patients, therapy with thiazides may result in serious hyponatremia (together with hypokalemia) even with short-term therapy. These diuretics are actively secreted in the proximal tubules and block reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- in the early distal c ...
Alteration in the Cycle Length Dependence of Action Potential
Alteration in the Cycle Length Dependence of Action Potential

... DNA was extracted h m whole blood, and lug was used together with lOmM dNTP's and ImM MgCI, in a 30 cycle reaction (denature WO-1 min, annealing 55"-lmin, extension 72O-lmin). RESULTS: All 14 exons were present in patients with autosomid dominant KS; this is as expected since KAL is not thought to b ...
Prometheus Diagnostic Services Sheet
Prometheus Diagnostic Services Sheet

... concentrations at anytime during therapy. Incorporating drug monitoring may clarify what factors may be contributing to a patient’s loss of response and help guide treatment decisions by providing information to help determine an appropriate course of action. PROMETHEUS® Anser™ ADA #3170 A next gene ...
Genetics
Genetics

... • The inheritance of biological characteristics is determined by individual units called genes. Genes are passed from parents to offspring. • In cases in which two or more forms of the genes for a single trait exist, some forms of the gene may be dominant and others many be recessive. ...
Brain changes and drug addiction
Brain changes and drug addiction

... Tolerance and dependence. Withdrawal syndrome is a major cause of relapse among people attempting to quit smoking, it produces: craving, irritability, anxiety, anger, difficulty concentrating, hunger, and fatigue Nicotine is highly addictive ...
Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel
Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel

... Closely monitor complete blood count (CBC) with differential on a periodic basis. Abraxane has not been studied in patients with hepatic or renal dysfunction. Use with caution in patients with abnormal liver function, as patients with abnormal liver function may be at higher risk for toxicity. In co ...
تقسیم بندی
تقسیم بندی

... or aggressive ideation was not supported by subsequent analyses of massive databases. In 2004, however, because of an apparent increase in suicidal thoughts and behaviors in children on SSRIs, the FDA issued a general warning about increased risk of suicide with newer antidepressants. Studies of co ...
Administrative Office St. Joseph`s Hospital Site, L301
Administrative Office St. Joseph`s Hospital Site, L301

... test are expected to be 6 – 8 weeks if no mutation is found. Positive results will take about 2 weeks longer, because any positive result must be confirmed by an independent second test. The laboratory protocols will be modified regularly as new information about the genes and new technologies becom ...
Proteins to Phenotype
Proteins to Phenotype

... Human Genome Project: By mapping out genome, may be able to find genes that cause disease! Other types of variation Some variations are hard to classify! Environment can affect a phenotype. Some traits are continuous! Some complex traits very difficult to identify i.e behavior. On the other hand ot ...
Intro to Computational Genetics
Intro to Computational Genetics

... • If the number of tests is n, we set the threshold to be 0.05/n. • A very conservative test. If the tests are independent then it is reasonable to use it. If the tests are correlated this could be bad: – Example: If all SNPs are identical, then we lose a lot of power; the false positive rate reduce ...
Premier Research on Opioid Use and Misuse
Premier Research on Opioid Use and Misuse

... a drug-drug interaction (DDA) and sub-optimal response to opioids. (Pergolizzi 2014) The FDA now requires information regarding a drug’s CYP-450 metabolism and its potential for inhibition or induction to be on the drug label (FDA 2016). ED providers have opportunities to identify and correct sub-op ...
PLEASE NOTIFY US. January 2004 “Dispensing to Americans by
PLEASE NOTIFY US. January 2004 “Dispensing to Americans by

... not know who the pharmacists are or where they are located. All they know is that they receive drugs at a discount. The patients may not need the drugs they receive (no drug use review is done by offshore pharmacies), and the drugs may not actually be what they are purported to be (counterfeits are ...
Inheritance of Traits
Inheritance of Traits

... Since Mendel’s time, our knowledge of the mechanisms of genetic inheritance has grown immensely. For instance, it is now understood than inheriting one allele can, at times, increase the chance of inheriting another or can a affect how and when a trait is expressed in an individual's phenotype. Like ...
rohypnol – flunitrazepam – (roofies)
rohypnol – flunitrazepam – (roofies)

... judgment and impaired motor skills and can make a victim unable to resist a sexual attack. The combination of alcohol and Rohypnol is also particularly hazardous because together, their effects on memory and judgment are greater than the effects resulting from either taken alone. Effects begin withi ...
Prescription Drug Abuse: Loosening the Knot
Prescription Drug Abuse: Loosening the Knot

... A barbiturate may be prescribed for a variety of reasons, the list is extensive, but the most common use today is as an anesthesia for surgery. This form is hardly ever abused because they cause almost immediate unconsciousness. Other forms like Phenobarbital are used in treating various seizure dis ...
Recommended Antiviral Medications for Prevention and Treatment
Recommended Antiviral Medications for Prevention and Treatment

... the correct use of the inhalation device • Not recommended for treatment in patients with underlying airway disease due to limited data • Contains lactose • Pregnancy category C • Most common side effects are cough, diarrhea and nasal symptoms ...
SS04
SS04

... others. He is witty and articulate and lies with great skill. What aspect of Carl’s case is unusual for an antisocial personality? a. Antisocial personalities are rarely loyal to anyone.* b. Antisocial personalities tend to withdraw from people, not exploit them. c. Antisocial personalities tend to ...
Prevention and Treatment of Prescription Drug Misuse
Prevention and Treatment of Prescription Drug Misuse

... -14 agreed the messaging helped them understand the importance of taking medications as prescribed (77%) -17 stated that they would not make any changes to the messaging (94%) ...
What I did during the summer
What I did during the summer

... Conventional wisdom – the more data the better performance of statistical algorithms. This usually works for huge corpora (the internet). To solve domain specific problems we have to use smaller corpora (For example, translating CS literature from English to Chinese) However, redundancy creates fals ...
chapt12_lecture
chapt12_lecture

... inhibitors (nucleotide analogs) – interference with synthesis of DNA using nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors – azidothymidine (AZT) – thymine analog ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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