Econ 384 Chapter17b
... -It may be tempting to give this tax revenue to the victims of the externality, but this distorts the market, and encourages others to experience the negative externality in order to get the payment Pigouvian Taxes have 2 concerns: 1) Estimation – one needs to know the exact MEC and MPC in order to ...
... -It may be tempting to give this tax revenue to the victims of the externality, but this distorts the market, and encourages others to experience the negative externality in order to get the payment Pigouvian Taxes have 2 concerns: 1) Estimation – one needs to know the exact MEC and MPC in order to ...
The Calculation of Cyclically Adjusted Balances at
... This methodology assumes that the fiscal variables influenced by the economic cycle have other-than GDP macroeconomic bases that better explain their development. However, in order to determine the semi-elasticity of the budget balance with respect to GDP, these macroeconomic bases must be National ...
... This methodology assumes that the fiscal variables influenced by the economic cycle have other-than GDP macroeconomic bases that better explain their development. However, in order to determine the semi-elasticity of the budget balance with respect to GDP, these macroeconomic bases must be National ...
The Case Against the Case Against Discretionary Fiscal Policy by
... stabilization policy.1 The appropriate role for central bank policy was often said to be “accommodating” fiscal policy, which was cast in the lead role.2 Thus many people, probably including President Kennedy, thought that Walter Heller, who was then chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers, was ...
... stabilization policy.1 The appropriate role for central bank policy was often said to be “accommodating” fiscal policy, which was cast in the lead role.2 Thus many people, probably including President Kennedy, thought that Walter Heller, who was then chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers, was ...
Commentary “Stimulating Growth for Development and Job Creation”
... cost of inputs that make their products uncompetitive against cheaper imports. Unreliable supply of power and water, and the recent increases in utility prices had adverse effects on their operations. The impact on their cost base and therefore their profitability resulted in some companies implemen ...
... cost of inputs that make their products uncompetitive against cheaper imports. Unreliable supply of power and water, and the recent increases in utility prices had adverse effects on their operations. The impact on their cost base and therefore their profitability resulted in some companies implemen ...
How do fiscal shocks affect the macroeconomic
... methodology which combines institutional information and SVAR analysis. This is also the approach taken in this paper and is discussed further in the following sections. Following the divergences in theoretical and methodological approaches, the existing empirical evidence on the effects of fiscal ...
... methodology which combines institutional information and SVAR analysis. This is also the approach taken in this paper and is discussed further in the following sections. Following the divergences in theoretical and methodological approaches, the existing empirical evidence on the effects of fiscal ...
ICAS response - A consultation on a Scottish replacement to APD
... 3. Our comments below are restricted to our areas of expertise, which in this instance are to share insights from our members into the complex issues involved in the design and implementation of fiscal matters. 4. It is not completely clear that a Scottish replacement for APD, at reduced rates, will ...
... 3. Our comments below are restricted to our areas of expertise, which in this instance are to share insights from our members into the complex issues involved in the design and implementation of fiscal matters. 4. It is not completely clear that a Scottish replacement for APD, at reduced rates, will ...
PDF - unu-wider - United Nations University
... taxation in developing countries. He argues that political competition plays an important role in the increase and the stability of tax revenues. Indeed, tax reforms require either a social consensus that tax policies should be implemented as a matter of the common interest, or a strong state with t ...
... taxation in developing countries. He argues that political competition plays an important role in the increase and the stability of tax revenues. Indeed, tax reforms require either a social consensus that tax policies should be implemented as a matter of the common interest, or a strong state with t ...
Producer and Consumer Surplus
... The Difference Between Taxes and Price Controls • Price ceilings create shortages and taxes do not • Taxes leave people free to choose how much to supply and consume as long as they pay the tax • Shortages may also create black markets ...
... The Difference Between Taxes and Price Controls • Price ceilings create shortages and taxes do not • Taxes leave people free to choose how much to supply and consume as long as they pay the tax • Shortages may also create black markets ...
Buoyancy of Georgia`s Sales and Use Tax
... efforts. There are two major sources of evasion. First, there may have been an increase in cross border shopping. As the total sales tax rate (state plus local) has increased, this has provided an incentive for Georgia residents to shop out of state, and for nonGeorgia residents to reduce shopping i ...
... efforts. There are two major sources of evasion. First, there may have been an increase in cross border shopping. As the total sales tax rate (state plus local) has increased, this has provided an incentive for Georgia residents to shop out of state, and for nonGeorgia residents to reduce shopping i ...
FISCAL TRENDS AND POLICY ISSUES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE CARIBBEAN GENERAL LC/CAR/G.771
... In the cases of Antigua and Barbuda (see Table 2 above) and Montserrat, these constitute a significant source of revenue equalling or surpassing tax collection from import duties. For the rest of the countries these represent only close to 15% of international trade and transactions. By far the bulk ...
... In the cases of Antigua and Barbuda (see Table 2 above) and Montserrat, these constitute a significant source of revenue equalling or surpassing tax collection from import duties. For the rest of the countries these represent only close to 15% of international trade and transactions. By far the bulk ...
The Political Economy of the Budget Surplus in the United States
... hand, they need pension reforms to achieve long-run fiscal stability. On the other hand, they can hardly afford compensation schemes for the losers and can hardly finance transitional measures. A country in temporary surplus with a long-run problem of solvency of its Social Security system is in a m ...
... hand, they need pension reforms to achieve long-run fiscal stability. On the other hand, they can hardly afford compensation schemes for the losers and can hardly finance transitional measures. A country in temporary surplus with a long-run problem of solvency of its Social Security system is in a m ...
Alabama Tax Delinquency Amnesty Act of 2016
... (7) "Tax period" means any period for which a tax return is required by law to be filed with the department. (8) "Taxpayer" means any individual or entity ...
... (7) "Tax period" means any period for which a tax return is required by law to be filed with the department. (8) "Taxpayer" means any individual or entity ...
Intergovernmental transfers
... Solidarity, but also economic reasons (incentive to inefficient migration) Measure of tax capacity: revenue collected if depleted at a certain uniform (usually average) rate Caveat: full equalisation removes incentives to increase tax base ...
... Solidarity, but also economic reasons (incentive to inefficient migration) Measure of tax capacity: revenue collected if depleted at a certain uniform (usually average) rate Caveat: full equalisation removes incentives to increase tax base ...
New Fiscal ROSCs and PEFA Assessments: Two Complementary …
... Fiscal reports cover Fiscal reports cover all financial assets cash and all debt and liabilities. ...
... Fiscal reports cover Fiscal reports cover all financial assets cash and all debt and liabilities. ...
Tentative Lessons from Recent Capital Account Crises
... If fiscal policy contributes to crises, can fiscal indicators be used to help predict crises? In the IMF’s currency crisis models (“EWS models”), they make only a marginal contribution to predicting crises. They also do not add significantly to models explaining the severity of crises. Fiscal indica ...
... If fiscal policy contributes to crises, can fiscal indicators be used to help predict crises? In the IMF’s currency crisis models (“EWS models”), they make only a marginal contribution to predicting crises. They also do not add significantly to models explaining the severity of crises. Fiscal indica ...
GLOBAL REBALANCING Gian Maria Milesi-Ferretti
... According to standard economic theory, fiscal policy should be countercyclical when facing transitory shocks. In the neoclassical smoothing model of Barro (1979), a government should optimally run surpluses in good times and deficits in bad times (if shocks are perceived as transitory, that is). Tha ...
... According to standard economic theory, fiscal policy should be countercyclical when facing transitory shocks. In the neoclassical smoothing model of Barro (1979), a government should optimally run surpluses in good times and deficits in bad times (if shocks are perceived as transitory, that is). Tha ...
Conclusion - Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
... H()w<~ver, in models in which there is capital, either or human, the current distortion from taxation at time t typically depends in part on people's expectations about future taxes. In making investment look and respond to the government's strategy for taxing in the future. about future taxes there ...
... H()w<~ver, in models in which there is capital, either or human, the current distortion from taxation at time t typically depends in part on people's expectations about future taxes. In making investment look and respond to the government's strategy for taxing in the future. about future taxes there ...
Paying Taxes 2016 Ten years of in-depth analysis on tax
... well-educated professionals otherwise operating on a legitimate footing, such as the doctor who does not declare cash receipts from certain patients; and large enterprises that have the understanding and capacity to comply but choose to avoid some or all of the burdens involved, for example by keepi ...
... well-educated professionals otherwise operating on a legitimate footing, such as the doctor who does not declare cash receipts from certain patients; and large enterprises that have the understanding and capacity to comply but choose to avoid some or all of the burdens involved, for example by keepi ...
Taxation in Small States - Commonwealth Parliamentary Association
... it is safe to assume that the revenue implications of trade liberalisation will depend significantly on the form of liberalisation and the circumstances under which it occurs. Indeed, tax revenue will be least affected when trade liberalisation is accompanied by reforms in customs and tax administra ...
... it is safe to assume that the revenue implications of trade liberalisation will depend significantly on the form of liberalisation and the circumstances under which it occurs. Indeed, tax revenue will be least affected when trade liberalisation is accompanied by reforms in customs and tax administra ...
Document
... taxes. However, as carbon tax is a new category of tax in China, the enterprises would be reluctant at the beginning; - It will take time for the public to recognize and well understand this new tax. - Additional barriers include the decrease of product competency in international market, the impact ...
... taxes. However, as carbon tax is a new category of tax in China, the enterprises would be reluctant at the beginning; - It will take time for the public to recognize and well understand this new tax. - Additional barriers include the decrease of product competency in international market, the impact ...
Development Oriented Tax Policy - Academic Commons
... moralistic lectures on the need to improve tax administration and reduce corruption, they seldom address corruption as part of tax design. This provides an example where differences in the structure of the economy (where that term embraces institutional capacities—the ability to control corruption) ...
... moralistic lectures on the need to improve tax administration and reduce corruption, they seldom address corruption as part of tax design. This provides an example where differences in the structure of the economy (where that term embraces institutional capacities—the ability to control corruption) ...
the use of cyclically adjusted balances at banco de portugal
... specific features. In the Portuguese case, and drawing on past experience, the estimation of fiscal elasticities through time-series regression was completely ruled out. As mentioned before that option has severe drawbacks, as it is virtually impossible to account for the frequent changes of the tax ...
... specific features. In the Portuguese case, and drawing on past experience, the estimation of fiscal elasticities through time-series regression was completely ruled out. As mentioned before that option has severe drawbacks, as it is virtually impossible to account for the frequent changes of the tax ...
- LSE Research Online
... copper, indigo, cochineal, tobacco, sugar, cacao and hides; and population – particularly in urban areas - was growing fast5. Customs yields in both colonies, for instance, increased tenfold between 1778 and 1805, and this should be considered a lowest bound for growth of commerce since trade with ‘ ...
... copper, indigo, cochineal, tobacco, sugar, cacao and hides; and population – particularly in urban areas - was growing fast5. Customs yields in both colonies, for instance, increased tenfold between 1778 and 1805, and this should be considered a lowest bound for growth of commerce since trade with ‘ ...
Chapter 11 - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved. ...
... © 2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved. ...