Membrane Protein Sorting in the Yeast Secretory Pathway
... punctate structures per cell that exhibit a somewhat random distribution within the cytoplasmic compartment (Franzusoff et al., 1991; Redding et al., 1991). Thus, the Golgi apparatus of yeast is not localized to a perinuclear location, as in mammalian cells, but rather is dispersed throughout the ce ...
... punctate structures per cell that exhibit a somewhat random distribution within the cytoplasmic compartment (Franzusoff et al., 1991; Redding et al., 1991). Thus, the Golgi apparatus of yeast is not localized to a perinuclear location, as in mammalian cells, but rather is dispersed throughout the ce ...
Flow Cell Design for Effective Biosensing
... The concentration ratio maps in Figure 4(A,B) show that, qualitatively, the flow pattern evolves in a very similar manner with time. The variation in mean analyte concentration ratio with time (Figure 4(C)) shows that there is good quantitative agreement between the experimental and computational mo ...
... The concentration ratio maps in Figure 4(A,B) show that, qualitatively, the flow pattern evolves in a very similar manner with time. The variation in mean analyte concentration ratio with time (Figure 4(C)) shows that there is good quantitative agreement between the experimental and computational mo ...
PhD értekezés tézisei
... interaction in different systems. It is required that the system should posses an unpaired electron. Usually the biological system cannot be examined directly by EPR, because the system hasn’t unpaired electron or electrons, therefore we used the spin label technique. Spectroscopic probes are widely ...
... interaction in different systems. It is required that the system should posses an unpaired electron. Usually the biological system cannot be examined directly by EPR, because the system hasn’t unpaired electron or electrons, therefore we used the spin label technique. Spectroscopic probes are widely ...
Cell Membrane Structure - Toronto District Christian High School
... that the cell membrane also contains a mosaic of different components scattered throughout it, much like raisins in a slice of raisin bread. For example, numerous protein molecules stud the phospholipid bilayer. The phospholipid molecules and some of these proteins can drift sideways in the bilayer, ...
... that the cell membrane also contains a mosaic of different components scattered throughout it, much like raisins in a slice of raisin bread. For example, numerous protein molecules stud the phospholipid bilayer. The phospholipid molecules and some of these proteins can drift sideways in the bilayer, ...
Outline 7
... I. Eukaryotic Cell Structures A. Cell Parts – 3 main parts: 1. Cell membrane - outside boundary. Regulates what enters & leaves a cell. ...
... I. Eukaryotic Cell Structures A. Cell Parts – 3 main parts: 1. Cell membrane - outside boundary. Regulates what enters & leaves a cell. ...
Plant hormones and phototropism
... contributes to auxin transport. In the pH 7 environment of the cell, auxin is an anion. Here is a description of a proposed step-by-step process. 1. When auxin encounters the acidic environment of the wall, the molecule picks up a hydrogen ion to become electrically neutral. 2. As a relatively small ...
... contributes to auxin transport. In the pH 7 environment of the cell, auxin is an anion. Here is a description of a proposed step-by-step process. 1. When auxin encounters the acidic environment of the wall, the molecule picks up a hydrogen ion to become electrically neutral. 2. As a relatively small ...
Full text in pdf format
... specimens, and less frequently in living cockles, after the highest mortality observed in 1991 and 1992. This mortality occurred only during the summer when the temperature was higher. Signs associated with RSS infection may represent the response to environmental factors, as hypothesized in relatio ...
... specimens, and less frequently in living cockles, after the highest mortality observed in 1991 and 1992. This mortality occurred only during the summer when the temperature was higher. Signs associated with RSS infection may represent the response to environmental factors, as hypothesized in relatio ...
Chapter 4 – A Tour of the Cell
... straight, hollow tubes composed of the protein tubulin. • Microtubules shape and support the cell, and act as tracks along which organelles can travel. ...
... straight, hollow tubes composed of the protein tubulin. • Microtubules shape and support the cell, and act as tracks along which organelles can travel. ...
Role of plectin in cytoskeleton organization and dynamics
... cytoplasmic fibers that determine and control viscoelastic properties and mechanical strength of cells, organize and give structure to their interior, and control many dynamic processes, such as intracellular trafficking, cell division, adhesion, and locomotion. Actin/myosin filaments, microtubules, ...
... cytoplasmic fibers that determine and control viscoelastic properties and mechanical strength of cells, organize and give structure to their interior, and control many dynamic processes, such as intracellular trafficking, cell division, adhesion, and locomotion. Actin/myosin filaments, microtubules, ...
The ARP2/3 complex: giving plant cells a leading edge
... (locomotion).(1) However, when a cell becomes encased in an exocyst or a cell wall, as occurs in many fungi and plant cells, it loses both its flexibility of form as well as the capacity for locomotion. Walled cells, therefore, unless equipped with special locomotor organs, can only grow towards or ...
... (locomotion).(1) However, when a cell becomes encased in an exocyst or a cell wall, as occurs in many fungi and plant cells, it loses both its flexibility of form as well as the capacity for locomotion. Walled cells, therefore, unless equipped with special locomotor organs, can only grow towards or ...
Membrane Remodeling and Organization: Elements Common to
... domain required for their oligomerization (29). Flotillin homologs have been identified in B. subtilis (Fig. 1A), namely FloA and FloT; they are localized in FMMs (30) and have been related to the recruitment of integral membrane proteins (31), the localization and functionality of certain transport ...
... domain required for their oligomerization (29). Flotillin homologs have been identified in B. subtilis (Fig. 1A), namely FloA and FloT; they are localized in FMMs (30) and have been related to the recruitment of integral membrane proteins (31), the localization and functionality of certain transport ...
The Calcium Conundrum. Both Versatile Nutrient
... normal cellular activity and for adapted responses (Sanders et al., 2002). At one level, these Ca21 signaling events appear simple: cells at rest have a low level of cytosolic Ca21 that rises during a signal transduction event. However, this signaling is quite complex when one contemplates how a ubi ...
... normal cellular activity and for adapted responses (Sanders et al., 2002). At one level, these Ca21 signaling events appear simple: cells at rest have a low level of cytosolic Ca21 that rises during a signal transduction event. However, this signaling is quite complex when one contemplates how a ubi ...
Feeling green: mechanosensing in plants
... occurs in all plants over developmental time. Thus, plants subjected to mechanical stimulation tend to be shorter and more robust, develop more support tissues, and entrain their overall architecture to the prevailing mechanical forces in their vicinity. Mechanical forces as morphogenetic factors Al ...
... occurs in all plants over developmental time. Thus, plants subjected to mechanical stimulation tend to be shorter and more robust, develop more support tissues, and entrain their overall architecture to the prevailing mechanical forces in their vicinity. Mechanical forces as morphogenetic factors Al ...
The Plant Endomembrane System—A Complex
... VAN4 encodes a putative TRS120 subunit of the TRAPPII complex protein that functions as a Rab-GEF and/or tethering factor (Jones et al. 2000, Sacher et al. 2008). Although the importance of VAN4 function in polar localization of PIN proteins is still ambiguous, VAN4 localizes to the TGN/EE where it ...
... VAN4 encodes a putative TRS120 subunit of the TRAPPII complex protein that functions as a Rab-GEF and/or tethering factor (Jones et al. 2000, Sacher et al. 2008). Although the importance of VAN4 function in polar localization of PIN proteins is still ambiguous, VAN4 localizes to the TGN/EE where it ...
Exams - New Jersey Institute of Technology
... Multiple Choice. Write the capital letter of the correct answer on the space provided. (3-pts. Each) ___1. The first person to see a “cell” was a. Anton van Leewenhoek. b. Robert Hooke. c. Matthew Schleiden d. Rudolph Virchow ___2. The part of the cell that regulates what enters and leaves the cell ...
... Multiple Choice. Write the capital letter of the correct answer on the space provided. (3-pts. Each) ___1. The first person to see a “cell” was a. Anton van Leewenhoek. b. Robert Hooke. c. Matthew Schleiden d. Rudolph Virchow ___2. The part of the cell that regulates what enters and leaves the cell ...
CHAPTER 3: CELLS
... higher concentrations toward regions where they are in lower concentrations (i.e. down a concentration gradient). A state of equilibrium is produced! Examples: ...
... higher concentrations toward regions where they are in lower concentrations (i.e. down a concentration gradient). A state of equilibrium is produced! Examples: ...
Autophagy_Marc
... When should we use regulation and when not ? - Over-annotation: IMP/IGI annotations lead to a lot of phenotypic annotations (cell proliferation, cell growth, apoptosis, …). Sometimes it is totally indirect. - Missing annotation: It would be helpful to annotate directly in PAINT - or have a faster tu ...
... When should we use regulation and when not ? - Over-annotation: IMP/IGI annotations lead to a lot of phenotypic annotations (cell proliferation, cell growth, apoptosis, …). Sometimes it is totally indirect. - Missing annotation: It would be helpful to annotate directly in PAINT - or have a faster tu ...
cell: the basic unit of structure in living things
... -;laloroplasts are sprea d throughout the cytopl asr ri of plant cells. The cc,hloropfasts contain a green substance called chloro phyll. G reen plants need chlorophyll (along with carbon dioxide and light energy) to make the ir own food. Ghloa•otahy -il is found mostly in leaf ells. ...
... -;laloroplasts are sprea d throughout the cytopl asr ri of plant cells. The cc,hloropfasts contain a green substance called chloro phyll. G reen plants need chlorophyll (along with carbon dioxide and light energy) to make the ir own food. Ghloa•otahy -il is found mostly in leaf ells. ...
Profile
... MITOCHONDRIA to NUCLEOULUS: “We have been faster at all of our jobs! But it means more work for me making the food into energy we can use. Also the Chloroplast in the plant cell said that she had been working non stop also!” ...
... MITOCHONDRIA to NUCLEOULUS: “We have been faster at all of our jobs! But it means more work for me making the food into energy we can use. Also the Chloroplast in the plant cell said that she had been working non stop also!” ...
Logic of Definitions
... any tissue or organ of the body with the lungs being the most common site of infection. The clinical stages of TB are primary or initial infection, latent or dormant infection, and recrudescent or adult-type TB. Ninety to 95% of primary TB infections may go unrecognized. Histopathologically, tissue ...
... any tissue or organ of the body with the lungs being the most common site of infection. The clinical stages of TB are primary or initial infection, latent or dormant infection, and recrudescent or adult-type TB. Ninety to 95% of primary TB infections may go unrecognized. Histopathologically, tissue ...
File
... Option 1 Directions and RubricI will provide you with the basic structure of the lab you must complete. All lab materials must be provided by you and completed at home. EVERY STEP of the experiment must be recorded and made into a video, including the analysis and conclusion. ...
... Option 1 Directions and RubricI will provide you with the basic structure of the lab you must complete. All lab materials must be provided by you and completed at home. EVERY STEP of the experiment must be recorded and made into a video, including the analysis and conclusion. ...
Cells Review
... Outer membrane made up of a phospholipid bilayer that controls cellular traffic. A rigid covering found in plant cells that controls cell pressure. Fluid-filled sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal in plant cells. Each cell contains thousands of these miniature protein factories. The energ ...
... Outer membrane made up of a phospholipid bilayer that controls cellular traffic. A rigid covering found in plant cells that controls cell pressure. Fluid-filled sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal in plant cells. Each cell contains thousands of these miniature protein factories. The energ ...
Cytoplasmic streaming
Cytoplasmic streaming, also called protoplasmic streaming and cyclosis, is the directed flow of cytosol (the liquid component of the cytoplasm) and organelles around large fungal and plant cells through the mediation of actin. This movement aids in the delivery of organelles, nutrients, metabolites, genetic information, and other materials to all parts of the cell. Cytoplasmic streaming occurs along actin filaments in the cytoskeleton of the cell.Cytoplasmic streaming was first discovered in the 1830s. The scientific breakthrough assisted scientists in developing an understanding of the different roles of cells and how they function as the basic operating systems of life.This process occurs through the operation of motor proteins called myosins.These proteins use energy of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to act as a molecular motor, which slides along actin filaments. This works in a manner that tows the organelles and other cytoplasmic contents in the same direction. Myosin proteins consist of two conjoined proteins. If one protein remains attached to the substrate, the substance acted upon by the protein, such as a microfilament, has the ability to move organelles through the cytoplasm.The green alga genus Chara and other genera in the Division Charophyta, such as Coleochaete, are thought to be the closest relatives of land plants. These haploid organisms contain some of the largest plant cells on earth, a single cell of which can reach up to 10 cm in length. The large size of these cells demands an efficient means to distribute resources, which is enabled via cytoplasmic streaming.Cytoplasmic streaming is strongly dependent upon intracellular pH and temperature. It has been observed that the effect of temperature on cytoplasmic streaming created linear variance and dependence at different high temperatures in comparison to low temperatures. This process is complicated, with temperature alterations in the system increasing its efficiency, with other factors such as the transport of ions across the membrane being simultaneously affected. This is due to cells homeostasis depending upon active transport which may be affected at some critical temperatures.In plant cells, chloroplasts may be moved around with the stream, possibly to a position of optimum light absorption for photosynthesis. The rate of motion is usually affected by light exposure, temperature, and pH levels.In reference to pH, because actin and myosin are both proteins, strong dependence on pH is expected. The optimal pH at which cytoplasmic streaming is highest, is achieved at neutral pH and decreases at both low and high pH.The flow of cytoplasm may be stopped by:Adding Lugol's iodine solutionAdding Cytochalasin D (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide)↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑