The Cell Cycle and Mitosis:
... • In this last stage of the cell cycle, the cytoplasm and other organelles are distributed to the two ends of the cell. • In an animal cell the cell membrane pinches in called the cleavage furrow. • This separates the dividing cell into 2 new daughter cells. • Each daughter cell has a nucleus with a ...
... • In this last stage of the cell cycle, the cytoplasm and other organelles are distributed to the two ends of the cell. • In an animal cell the cell membrane pinches in called the cleavage furrow. • This separates the dividing cell into 2 new daughter cells. • Each daughter cell has a nucleus with a ...
No Slide Title
... •MAVS (mitochondrial antiviral signaling) protein on MOM is key •dsRNA receptors bind MAVS & trigger interferon & cytokine Synthesis •Viruses also interact with mt in countless specific ways ...
... •MAVS (mitochondrial antiviral signaling) protein on MOM is key •dsRNA receptors bind MAVS & trigger interferon & cytokine Synthesis •Viruses also interact with mt in countless specific ways ...
Cell Defense Build a membrane: The membrane of the cell is
... a. They are polar. c. They are nonpolar b. They are small and nonpolar d. They are fast moving Why were the sugar molecules not allowed to pass through the membrane? a. They are large and polar. c. They are small and nonpolar. b. They are small and polar. d. They are slow moving. What structures in ...
... a. They are polar. c. They are nonpolar b. They are small and nonpolar d. They are fast moving Why were the sugar molecules not allowed to pass through the membrane? a. They are large and polar. c. They are small and nonpolar. b. They are small and polar. d. They are slow moving. What structures in ...
Biology Semester 1 Review
... metabolism (obtain or make nutrients, use them for energy, release waste) maintain homeostasis (keep inner conditions at a stable, optimal level, are composed of cells, respond to stimuli, evolve & adapt ( genetic mutations result in new traits, if the traits are beneficial in regards to surviving i ...
... metabolism (obtain or make nutrients, use them for energy, release waste) maintain homeostasis (keep inner conditions at a stable, optimal level, are composed of cells, respond to stimuli, evolve & adapt ( genetic mutations result in new traits, if the traits are beneficial in regards to surviving i ...
Cells….
... Example – Plant and Animal Cells Silly trick: (Eu (you) carry a nucleus (so do plants) Eukaryotic Cells usually are 10 times larger than Prokaryote cells. ...
... Example – Plant and Animal Cells Silly trick: (Eu (you) carry a nucleus (so do plants) Eukaryotic Cells usually are 10 times larger than Prokaryote cells. ...
Cell Defense App Guide Sheet Build a membrane: Diffusion
... a. They are large and polar. c. They are small and nonpolar. b. They are small and polar. d. They are slow moving. ...
... a. They are large and polar. c. They are small and nonpolar. b. They are small and polar. d. They are slow moving. ...
Cell Review: Look at the cells below. Label them as either eukaryote
... Inside of which organelle would you find the cell’s DNA? Name one or more organelles that would help a unicellular organism move through its environment. What are the three parts of the cell theory? ...
... Inside of which organelle would you find the cell’s DNA? Name one or more organelles that would help a unicellular organism move through its environment. What are the three parts of the cell theory? ...
Membrane Transport
... • ● Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable barrier. Water will tend to move across the membrane until equilibrium is reached, when this occurs the two solutions will be isotonic, the same. • ● When a solution is more concentrated with solute it is said to be hypertonic, wh ...
... • ● Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable barrier. Water will tend to move across the membrane until equilibrium is reached, when this occurs the two solutions will be isotonic, the same. • ● When a solution is more concentrated with solute it is said to be hypertonic, wh ...
Cell Membrane PPT
... When you are done with BOTH salt and tap water, answer these questions: • Define semi-permeability • If water is moving across a membrane, what is the name of that process? ...
... When you are done with BOTH salt and tap water, answer these questions: • Define semi-permeability • If water is moving across a membrane, what is the name of that process? ...
Water Balance of Cells Without Walls
... (a) A contractile vacuole fills with fluid that enters from a system of canals radiating throughout the cytoplasm. Contracting vacuole ...
... (a) A contractile vacuole fills with fluid that enters from a system of canals radiating throughout the cytoplasm. Contracting vacuole ...
Chapter 5- Cell Structure and Function
... Passive Transport • Is the passage if materials into and out of the cell without the use of energy. • Most commonly involves Diffusion. • Osmosis is diffusion through water. • Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. • Equilibriu ...
... Passive Transport • Is the passage if materials into and out of the cell without the use of energy. • Most commonly involves Diffusion. • Osmosis is diffusion through water. • Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. • Equilibriu ...
Cell Project
... Are the relationships between the parts (if any) shown correctly? Are some of the ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum and in the cytoplasm? Is the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum near the nucleus? If a plant cell, are the chloroplasts around the vacuole? ...
... Are the relationships between the parts (if any) shown correctly? Are some of the ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum and in the cytoplasm? Is the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum near the nucleus? If a plant cell, are the chloroplasts around the vacuole? ...
Cells and Their Environment
... Types of Active Transport 1. Endocytosis- active transport that moves large particles into cell membrane • 2 types• Phagocytosis- cell eating • Pinocytosis-cell drinking ...
... Types of Active Transport 1. Endocytosis- active transport that moves large particles into cell membrane • 2 types• Phagocytosis- cell eating • Pinocytosis-cell drinking ...
cell injury
... • decreased activity of Na+ pump (ATP-dependent) • generalized edema (increased intracellular Na+ and H20) • detachment of ribosomes from ER - reduced protein synthesis • surface blebs, mitochondrial swelling ...
... • decreased activity of Na+ pump (ATP-dependent) • generalized edema (increased intracellular Na+ and H20) • detachment of ribosomes from ER - reduced protein synthesis • surface blebs, mitochondrial swelling ...
Microbiology
... • Gram positive bacteria form protoplasts. • Gram negative bacteria form spheroplasts. • If protoplasts and spheroplasts grow and divide, they are called L-forms. • Unlike mycoplasma, L-forms can revert to the parental form on removal of the cell wall inhibitor. ...
... • Gram positive bacteria form protoplasts. • Gram negative bacteria form spheroplasts. • If protoplasts and spheroplasts grow and divide, they are called L-forms. • Unlike mycoplasma, L-forms can revert to the parental form on removal of the cell wall inhibitor. ...
Chapter 13
... flagella – Bacteria typically have only one or two per cell – Mediate the transfer of DNA from one cell to another (conjugation) ...
... flagella – Bacteria typically have only one or two per cell – Mediate the transfer of DNA from one cell to another (conjugation) ...
Comparing Animal and Plant Cell Structure
... Middle School Science Experiment: Comparing Animal and Plant Cell Structure ...
... Middle School Science Experiment: Comparing Animal and Plant Cell Structure ...
Comparing Animal and Plant Cell Structure
... Biology Experiment: Comparing Animal and Plant Cell Structure ...
... Biology Experiment: Comparing Animal and Plant Cell Structure ...
CELLS: PLANT CELLS 20 FEBRUARY 2013 Key Concepts
... Ribososmes are organelles that help in the synthesis of proteins. Ribosomes are made up of two parts, called subunits. They get their names from their size. One unit is larger than the other so they are called large and small subunits. Both these subunits are necessary for protein synthesis in the c ...
... Ribososmes are organelles that help in the synthesis of proteins. Ribosomes are made up of two parts, called subunits. They get their names from their size. One unit is larger than the other so they are called large and small subunits. Both these subunits are necessary for protein synthesis in the c ...
The Cell
... • Plant cells have a cell wall – animal cells do not. • Plant cells have chloroplasts – animal cells do not • Plant cells have a large vacuole – animal cells do not ...
... • Plant cells have a cell wall – animal cells do not. • Plant cells have chloroplasts – animal cells do not • Plant cells have a large vacuole – animal cells do not ...
chapter_4_2007
... Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
... Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
Cytoplasmic streaming
Cytoplasmic streaming, also called protoplasmic streaming and cyclosis, is the directed flow of cytosol (the liquid component of the cytoplasm) and organelles around large fungal and plant cells through the mediation of actin. This movement aids in the delivery of organelles, nutrients, metabolites, genetic information, and other materials to all parts of the cell. Cytoplasmic streaming occurs along actin filaments in the cytoskeleton of the cell.Cytoplasmic streaming was first discovered in the 1830s. The scientific breakthrough assisted scientists in developing an understanding of the different roles of cells and how they function as the basic operating systems of life.This process occurs through the operation of motor proteins called myosins.These proteins use energy of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to act as a molecular motor, which slides along actin filaments. This works in a manner that tows the organelles and other cytoplasmic contents in the same direction. Myosin proteins consist of two conjoined proteins. If one protein remains attached to the substrate, the substance acted upon by the protein, such as a microfilament, has the ability to move organelles through the cytoplasm.The green alga genus Chara and other genera in the Division Charophyta, such as Coleochaete, are thought to be the closest relatives of land plants. These haploid organisms contain some of the largest plant cells on earth, a single cell of which can reach up to 10 cm in length. The large size of these cells demands an efficient means to distribute resources, which is enabled via cytoplasmic streaming.Cytoplasmic streaming is strongly dependent upon intracellular pH and temperature. It has been observed that the effect of temperature on cytoplasmic streaming created linear variance and dependence at different high temperatures in comparison to low temperatures. This process is complicated, with temperature alterations in the system increasing its efficiency, with other factors such as the transport of ions across the membrane being simultaneously affected. This is due to cells homeostasis depending upon active transport which may be affected at some critical temperatures.In plant cells, chloroplasts may be moved around with the stream, possibly to a position of optimum light absorption for photosynthesis. The rate of motion is usually affected by light exposure, temperature, and pH levels.In reference to pH, because actin and myosin are both proteins, strong dependence on pH is expected. The optimal pH at which cytoplasmic streaming is highest, is achieved at neutral pH and decreases at both low and high pH.The flow of cytoplasm may be stopped by:Adding Lugol's iodine solutionAdding Cytochalasin D (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide)↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑