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Clostridium Clostridium is a genus of Gram
Clostridium Clostridium is a genus of Gram

... electron microscopy.Clostridia are motile bacteria that are ubiquitous in nature and are especially prevalent in soil. Under the microscope, clostridia appear as long, irregularly (often "drumstick" or "spindle") shaped cells with a bulge at their terminal ends. Under Gram staining, Clostridium diff ...
slide set - Wound Infection Institute
slide set - Wound Infection Institute

... clinical management of wound infection management. The IWII gives permission for it to be used by our members for educational purposes on condition that the IWII is acknowledged at all times and that this formatting is maintained. The IWII is grateful to Jacqui Fletcher, Caroline Dowsett and Val Edw ...
Chapter 5 Gases
Chapter 5 Gases

... – Interferes with self-assembly of complex organic compounds ...
VIGNA UNGUICULATA
VIGNA UNGUICULATA

... Both the aqueous and ethanolic extracts showed better action against the Gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) than that of the Gram negative organisms (Escherichia coli) when compared to that of the standard drug tetracycline. The standard drug tetracycline showed a zone of inhibition of 20 mm ...
chapter 27 prokaryotes and the origins of metabolic diversity
chapter 27 prokaryotes and the origins of metabolic diversity

... • Lacking meiotic sex, mutation is the major source of genetic variation in prokaryotes. ...
Synthesis of metal nanoparticles
Synthesis of metal nanoparticles

... costly, and inefficient and produce hazardous toxic wastes that are harmful, not only to the environment but also to human health. With an enzymatic process, the use of expensive chemicals is eliminated, and the more acceptable “green” route is not as energy intensive as the chemical method and is a ...
Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

... noted the capacity of Legionella pneumophila to survive and multiply within amoeba. This finding was linked to the fact that macrophages, the natural human targets of legionellae, are indeed amoeboid cells, despite their evolutionary distance from amoeba [34]. It was then suggested that adaptation t ...
Morphological and biochemical features of Borrelia
Morphological and biochemical features of Borrelia

... The spirochaete bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is the causative agent of Lyme disease, the most common tick-borne infection in the northern hemisphere. There is a long-standing debate regarding the role of pleomorphic forms in Lyme disease pathogenesis, while very little is known about th ...
Square peg, round hole? - British Pharmacological Society
Square peg, round hole? - British Pharmacological Society

... the case in MRSA (meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus), where flucloxacillin is more effective than vancomycin for treating susceptible strains of S. aureus. Flucloxacillin is better tolerated than vancomycin. S. aureus is typically a skin organism, so screening and decolonisation with topica ...
MicroReview Metal ion homeostasis and intracellular
MicroReview Metal ion homeostasis and intracellular

... enzyme systems, including lysyl oxidase, cytochrome c oxidase and several bacterial superoxide dismutases (SODs), as are iron, zinc and manganese (Sehn and Meier, 1994). Iron is located at the active centre of catalase, an enzyme important for the disposal of toxic peroxide anions. These redox syste ...
chapter 27 - Biology Junction
chapter 27 - Biology Junction

...  Endospores may be dormant for centuries or more.  When the environment becomes more hospitable, the endospore absorbs water and resumes growth.  Sterilization in an autoclave kills endospores by heating them to 120°C under high pressure.  Lacking meiotic sex, mutation is the major source of gen ...
Lytic bacteriophages in Veterinary Medicine: a therapeutic option
Lytic bacteriophages in Veterinary Medicine: a therapeutic option

... represent less than 4% of these viruses (Dabrowska et al 2005). Nucleic acids present in these viruses can be DNA or RNA, single or double stranded with most phages containing double stranded DNA (Skurnik and Strauch 2006). Phages transfer their genome from one susceptible bacterium to another, wher ...
Cell Structure and Function in Bacteria and Archaea
Cell Structure and Function in Bacteria and Archaea

... ecology, phylogeny2, etc. of a prokaryotic cell • Selective forces may be involved in setting the morphology – Optimization for nutrient uptake (small cells and those with high surface-to-volume ratio) – Swimming motility in viscous environments or near surfaces (helical or spiral-shaped cells) – Gl ...
BACK TO GAME
BACK TO GAME

... In a laboratory, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are easily differentiated by their a. Gram stain reaction. b. growth in high salt concentrations. c. ability to cause disease. d. cell shape. ANSWER BACK TO GAME © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Antimicrobial resistance: Mechanisms of action of antimicrobial agents
Antimicrobial resistance: Mechanisms of action of antimicrobial agents

... common to all members of the glycopeptide class, including vancomycin, is the inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis. Vancomycin and other glycopeptides bind to the carboxyl terminal acyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine (acyl-D-Ala-D-Ala) residues of the pentapeptide moiety of lipid II. This specific binding, whi ...
Microbiological Procedures
Microbiological Procedures

... conclusion following these assumptions. This was the earliest form of logic and arose in opposition to myth. Myths are useful fictions used to provide explanations while maintaining established social orders and recognizing the mystery of the universe. Logic allows truth to be demonstrated and debat ...
Biological diagnostics, control and treatment of the cholerae.
Biological diagnostics, control and treatment of the cholerae.

... namely; the object to be studied (blood, pus, sputum, faeces, etc.), test tubes or dishes with a culture of microorganisms, sterile distilled water or isotonic sodium chloride solution, a stand for a bacteriological loop, a jar with clean glass slides, and felt tip pens. Other necessary items includ ...
European workshop on Phenotype MicroArrays
European workshop on Phenotype MicroArrays

... In the first example, we illustrate the use of PM data to obtain a highly accurate and expanded metabolic model of Bacillus subtilis. In this report, the computed growth rates under aerobic conditions were compared with high-throughput phenotypic screen data and the initial in silico model could pre ...
Microbial Quality of Unregulated Herbal Medicinal Products in Kenya
Microbial Quality of Unregulated Herbal Medicinal Products in Kenya

... harvesting, drying, storage, handling and preparation of the herbal medicinal product. Other potential pathogenic microorganisms isolated from the samples included: Salmonella spp, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomomas aeuroginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aurea ...
Management of the Oral Infection: Part 1
Management of the Oral Infection: Part 1

... the dental abscess when the infection has spread beyond the radicular area, causing local involvement and/or systemic symptoms.24 Once the infection spreads beyond the radicular area, the involved bacteria typically include a combination of anaerobic and aerobic organisms. This change in bacterial c ...
Rhodococcus fascians - Expertise aan de Hogeschool Gent
Rhodococcus fascians - Expertise aan de Hogeschool Gent

... the plant surface, preventing desiccation, and playing a role in epiphytic fitness (16). The epiphytic colonization capacity of nonvirulent linear plasmid-free strains is comparable to that of wild-type strains (16), implying that all these features are encoded by chromosomal genes. Although symptom ...
The antibiotic susceptibility of water
The antibiotic susceptibility of water

... Ralstonia insidiosa is the most closely related bacterium to R. pickettii (Ryan et al., 2011a) and has also been isolated from natural water sources such as ponds and rivers, soil, activated sludge (Coenye et al. 2003), laboratory-purified water systems (Ryan et al., 2011b), industrial ultra-pure/ h ...
Proteus mirabilis
Proteus mirabilis

... Proteus mirabilis Proteus mirabilis is part of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is a small gram-negative bacillus and a facultative anaerobe. Proteus mirabilis is characterized by its swarming motility, urease activity, its ability to ferment maltose and its inability to ferment lactose. P. mirabil ...
The antibiotic susceptibility of water
The antibiotic susceptibility of water

... Ralstonia insidiosa is the most closely related bacterium to R. pickettii (Ryan et al., 2011a) and has also been isolated from natural water sources such as ponds and rivers, soil, activated sludge (Coenye et al. 2003), laboratory-purified water systems (Ryan et al., 2011b), industrial ultra-pure/ h ...
Biology 251 Microbiology Learning Objectives
Biology 251 Microbiology Learning Objectives

... Identify the effects on a cell of isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic conditions. ...
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Bacterial morphological plasticity

Bacterial morphological plasticity refers to evolutionary changes in the shape and size of bacterial cells. As bacteria evolve, morphology changes have to be made to maintain the consistency of the cell. However, this consistency could be affected in some circumstances (such as environmental stress) and changes in bacterial shape and size, but specially the transformation into filamentous organisms have been recently showed. These are survival strategies that affect the bacterial normal physiology in response for instance to innate immune response, predator sensing, quorum sensing and antimicrobial signs.
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