Cold galaxies at low and high z
... Our modern picture of the universe can be said to date from 1929, when Edwin Hubble discovered the expansion of the universe. This breakthrough, like many of the major advances in our understanding of the universe, including the very latest discovery of ‘dark energy’ (see later), can be connected to ...
... Our modern picture of the universe can be said to date from 1929, when Edwin Hubble discovered the expansion of the universe. This breakthrough, like many of the major advances in our understanding of the universe, including the very latest discovery of ‘dark energy’ (see later), can be connected to ...
The quest for the size of the universe in early relativistic cosmology
... radius of space-time. We then examine the different works in this field by Ludwik Silberstein (1872-1948) and Knut Lundmark (1889-1958). Finally, we give an overview of further investigations on the topic carried out before the discovery of the expanding universe. The variety of methods to obtain th ...
... radius of space-time. We then examine the different works in this field by Ludwik Silberstein (1872-1948) and Knut Lundmark (1889-1958). Finally, we give an overview of further investigations on the topic carried out before the discovery of the expanding universe. The variety of methods to obtain th ...
Magnificent Cosmos - Academic Program Pages at Evergreen
... star’s blazing coronal gases—remains unclear. These effect of the starlight. As a star sways to and fro relative to findings are mysterious, given that the radius of Jupiter’s Earth, its light waves become cyclically stretched, then com- orbit is five times larger than that of Earth. These pressed—s ...
... star’s blazing coronal gases—remains unclear. These effect of the starlight. As a star sways to and fro relative to findings are mysterious, given that the radius of Jupiter’s Earth, its light waves become cyclically stretched, then com- orbit is five times larger than that of Earth. These pressed—s ...
A Brief History of Time
... around the center of a vast collection of stars called our galaxy. At the end of the lecture, a little old lady at the back of the room got up and said: “What you have told us is rubbish. The world is really a flat plate supported on the back of a giant tortoise.” The scientist gave a superior smile ...
... around the center of a vast collection of stars called our galaxy. At the end of the lecture, a little old lady at the back of the room got up and said: “What you have told us is rubbish. The world is really a flat plate supported on the back of a giant tortoise.” The scientist gave a superior smile ...
PH607lec08
... recent and transient increase in SFR by as much as a factor of 50. Much of the star formation in starburst systems has been found to occur in very luminous, compact star clusters (up to 108 solar luminosities, dimensions of a few parsecs), which occur in bursting dwarfs, interacting galaxies, and me ...
... recent and transient increase in SFR by as much as a factor of 50. Much of the star formation in starburst systems has been found to occur in very luminous, compact star clusters (up to 108 solar luminosities, dimensions of a few parsecs), which occur in bursting dwarfs, interacting galaxies, and me ...
Why do we Still Believe in Newton`s Law? Facts, Myths and Methods
... has been achieved in the question as to what the related quantities ‘dark matter’ and ‘dark energy’ do really mean. A soulmate of King Alfonso, the astronomer Aguirre [2] commented: ‘these new discoveries... have been achieved at the expense of simplicity’. The question why nature comes up with a b ...
... has been achieved in the question as to what the related quantities ‘dark matter’ and ‘dark energy’ do really mean. A soulmate of King Alfonso, the astronomer Aguirre [2] commented: ‘these new discoveries... have been achieved at the expense of simplicity’. The question why nature comes up with a b ...
Option D – Astrophysics
... The Sun and all the objects orbiting it are collectively known as the solar system. Our Sun is a star and it is very similar to billions of other stars in the universe. It has many objects orbiting around it that are held in their orbits by gravity. The solar system is an example of a planetary syst ...
... The Sun and all the objects orbiting it are collectively known as the solar system. Our Sun is a star and it is very similar to billions of other stars in the universe. It has many objects orbiting around it that are held in their orbits by gravity. The solar system is an example of a planetary syst ...
Astro 6590: Galaxies and the Universe Astro
... and gas are about 70% hydrogen by mass and 25% helium, the rest being heavier elements (called "metals"). • Typical scales are: masses between 106 to 1012 M (1 solar mass is 2 x 1030 kg), and sizes ~ 1-100 kpc (1 pc = 3.1 x 1016 m). Galaxies that rotate have Prot ~ 10-100 Myr at about 100 km/s. The ...
... and gas are about 70% hydrogen by mass and 25% helium, the rest being heavier elements (called "metals"). • Typical scales are: masses between 106 to 1012 M (1 solar mass is 2 x 1030 kg), and sizes ~ 1-100 kpc (1 pc = 3.1 x 1016 m). Galaxies that rotate have Prot ~ 10-100 Myr at about 100 km/s. The ...
The Evolution of Galaxy - Tufts Institute of Cosmology
... ver since the big bang, the universe has been expanding. ago—and new clusters should still be forming and growing toAll objects not bound to one another by gravity or some day. But if the universe has only one quarter of the matter other force are being pulled apart. But will the cosmic expan- neede ...
... ver since the big bang, the universe has been expanding. ago—and new clusters should still be forming and growing toAll objects not bound to one another by gravity or some day. But if the universe has only one quarter of the matter other force are being pulled apart. But will the cosmic expan- neede ...
Curtis/Shapley Debate – 1920 - Tufts Institute of Cosmology
... did not always have telescopes. Humanity didn't always know the limits of our Galaxy and the existence of other galaxies - this knowledge came only this century - what was thought previously? While it is certainly true that early civilizations had a drastically different picture of the universe, the ...
... did not always have telescopes. Humanity didn't always know the limits of our Galaxy and the existence of other galaxies - this knowledge came only this century - what was thought previously? While it is certainly true that early civilizations had a drastically different picture of the universe, the ...
Introduction to Dark Matter
... in the study of dark matter. The notion that gravity can bend rays of light was proposed already by Newton, although the magnitude of this effect cannot be correctly predicted by Newtonian gravity. Instead, the full machinery of Einstein´s theory of general relativity is required. In 1919, Eddington ...
... in the study of dark matter. The notion that gravity can bend rays of light was proposed already by Newton, although the magnitude of this effect cannot be correctly predicted by Newtonian gravity. Instead, the full machinery of Einstein´s theory of general relativity is required. In 1919, Eddington ...
Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and the Fate of the Universe
... mass is distributed throughout its halo while most of the galaxy’s light comes from stars and gas clouds in the thin galactic disk (see Figure 1.14). We infer the existence of the second unseen influence from careful studies of the expansion of the universe. After Edwin Hubble first discovered the e ...
... mass is distributed throughout its halo while most of the galaxy’s light comes from stars and gas clouds in the thin galactic disk (see Figure 1.14). We infer the existence of the second unseen influence from careful studies of the expansion of the universe. After Edwin Hubble first discovered the e ...
White dwarfs, black holes, dark matter
... it takes more effort to bring a heavy mass into motion than a light mass: the inert mass of a heavy object is bigger as a result a low-mass object falls equally fast as a heavy one: heavy mass = inert mass. Accidentally? Newton: yes. Einstein: no! Frank Verbunt ( Dept. Astronomy Nijmegen) ...
... it takes more effort to bring a heavy mass into motion than a light mass: the inert mass of a heavy object is bigger as a result a low-mass object falls equally fast as a heavy one: heavy mass = inert mass. Accidentally? Newton: yes. Einstein: no! Frank Verbunt ( Dept. Astronomy Nijmegen) ...
The Submillimeter Frontier: A Space Science Imperative
... The canonical picture of the evolution of the universe given below provides a framework for discussion of the need for an instrument like SPECS. As they are currently understood, the major developments were as follows: • z >> 107 – The expanding universe begins in a hot, dense Big Bang, including a ...
... The canonical picture of the evolution of the universe given below provides a framework for discussion of the need for an instrument like SPECS. As they are currently understood, the major developments were as follows: • z >> 107 – The expanding universe begins in a hot, dense Big Bang, including a ...
Document
... wavelengths has revolutionized our understanding in this aspect. One example of the achievements is the so-called Madau-diagram, which shows the evolution of the SFR density of the universe as a function of look-back time (Lilly 1996; Madau 1998). From inventories of the stellar content of the local ...
... wavelengths has revolutionized our understanding in this aspect. One example of the achievements is the so-called Madau-diagram, which shows the evolution of the SFR density of the universe as a function of look-back time (Lilly 1996; Madau 1998). From inventories of the stellar content of the local ...
Ellipticity, Its Origin and Progression in Comoving Galaxies
... The DSSU is essentially structured as Voronoi cells on a cosmic scale. Each cell has a vast central region (commonly called a void) in which the universal space medium is involved in a process of expansion; it is a region of space-medium expansion. Each cell is enclosed by a shared "boundary" region ...
... The DSSU is essentially structured as Voronoi cells on a cosmic scale. Each cell has a vast central region (commonly called a void) in which the universal space medium is involved in a process of expansion; it is a region of space-medium expansion. Each cell is enclosed by a shared "boundary" region ...
• Teacher developed presentations. • Teacher developed laboratory
... Integration of ELA Common Core Standards (The tasks below are meant to serve as sample activities regarding the integration of the standard listed. Related up-to-date material can be substituted) Reading/Writing in Science and Technical Subjects CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.9-10.1 Cite specific textual ev ...
... Integration of ELA Common Core Standards (The tasks below are meant to serve as sample activities regarding the integration of the standard listed. Related up-to-date material can be substituted) Reading/Writing in Science and Technical Subjects CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.9-10.1 Cite specific textual ev ...
P1 09 Red Shift - Animated Science
... Some people think that Penzias and Wilson’s discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation was just lucky. Others disagree. What do you think? Give reasons for your answer. ...
... Some people think that Penzias and Wilson’s discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation was just lucky. Others disagree. What do you think? Give reasons for your answer. ...
Chapter 15 Stars, Galaxies, and Universe
... •Irregular – smaller than other galaxies •Young stars, lots of gas and dust •Located close to larger galaxies. ...
... •Irregular – smaller than other galaxies •Young stars, lots of gas and dust •Located close to larger galaxies. ...
Order of Magnitude Icebreaker
... ★ Do not hesitate to simplify as much as possible ★ Rescale to situations you are familiar with ★ Basic physics can give good insight on many problems! ...
... ★ Do not hesitate to simplify as much as possible ★ Rescale to situations you are familiar with ★ Basic physics can give good insight on many problems! ...
script
... it “recorded” information about what those galaxies looked like many billions of years ago. Many billions of years ago, the universe had not yet had time to evolve into the galaxies that we observe today. However, billions of years later, we are just now receiving the message contained in the light ...
... it “recorded” information about what those galaxies looked like many billions of years ago. Many billions of years ago, the universe had not yet had time to evolve into the galaxies that we observe today. However, billions of years later, we are just now receiving the message contained in the light ...
WIMPs and MACHOs - Caltech Astronomy
... signals can be detected. For example, some experiments use kilogram size germanium and silicon crystals and attempt to detect the ionization and phonon signals. Other groups use sodium iodide crystals and look for the scintillation light caused by the ionized electrons or search for crystal dislocat ...
... signals can be detected. For example, some experiments use kilogram size germanium and silicon crystals and attempt to detect the ionization and phonon signals. Other groups use sodium iodide crystals and look for the scintillation light caused by the ionized electrons or search for crystal dislocat ...
The Cosmos & the Bible
... – Light from objects that look thousands of lightyears away must have made many circuits and taken thousands of years to do so. ...
... – Light from objects that look thousands of lightyears away must have made many circuits and taken thousands of years to do so. ...
WIMPs and MACHOs - Caltech Astronomy
... signals can be detected. For example, some experiments use kilogram size germanium and silicon crystals and attempt to detect the ionization and phonon signals. Other groups use sodium iodide crystals and look for the scintillation light caused by the ionized electrons or search for crystal dislocat ...
... signals can be detected. For example, some experiments use kilogram size germanium and silicon crystals and attempt to detect the ionization and phonon signals. Other groups use sodium iodide crystals and look for the scintillation light caused by the ionized electrons or search for crystal dislocat ...
Universe
The Universe is all of time and space and its contents. The Universe includes planets, stars, galaxies, the contents of intergalactic space, the smallest subatomic particles, and all matter and energy. The observable universe is about 28 billion parsecs (91 billion light-years) in diameter at the present time. The size of the whole Universe is not known and may be infinite. Observations and the development of physical theories have led to inferences about the composition and evolution of the Universe.Throughout recorded history, cosmologies and cosmogonies, including scientific models, have been proposed to explain observations of the Universe. The earliest quantitative geocentric models were developed by ancient Greek philosophers and Indian philosophers. Over the centuries, more precise astronomical observations led to Nicolaus Copernicus's heliocentric model of the Solar System and Johannes Kepler's improvement on that model with elliptical orbits, which was eventually explained by Isaac Newton's theory of gravity. Further observational improvements led to the realization that the Solar System is located in a galaxy composed of billions of stars, the Milky Way. It was subsequently discovered that our galaxy is just one of many. On the largest scales, it is assumed that the distribution of galaxies is uniform and the same in all directions, meaning that the Universe has neither an edge nor a center. Observations of the distribution of these galaxies and their spectral lines have led to many of the theories of modern physical cosmology. The discovery in the early 20th century that galaxies are systematically redshifted suggested that the Universe is expanding, and the discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation suggested that the Universe had a beginning. Finally, observations in the late 1990s indicated the rate of the expansion of the Universe is increasing indicating that the majority of energy is most likely in an unknown form called dark energy. The majority of mass in the universe also appears to exist in an unknown form, called dark matter.The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model describing the development of the Universe. Space and time were created in the Big Bang, and these were imbued with a fixed amount of energy and matter; as space expands, the density of that matter and energy decreases. After the initial expansion, the Universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation first of subatomic particles and later of simple atoms. Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity to form stars. Assuming that the prevailing model is correct, the age of the Universe is measured to be 7001137990000000000♠13.799±0.021 billion years.There are many competing hypotheses about the ultimate fate of the Universe. Physicists and philosophers remain unsure about what, if anything, preceded the Big Bang. Many refuse to speculate, doubting that any information from any such prior state could ever be accessible. There are various multiverse hypotheses, in which some physicists have suggested that the Universe might be one among many universes that likewise exist.