• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Cosmos & Contact - Access Research Network
Cosmos & Contact - Access Research Network

Science and a Christian World View A Christian View
Science and a Christian World View A Christian View

... – Although the light intensity drops off as 1/R2, the number of stars you can see in an infinite universe increases like R2 so these two effects cancel. – Likewise, if the universe is filled with dark material which would absorb the light, that material would heat up and eventually glow – especially ...
Visions of the Universe
Visions of the Universe

... Monday at 7:00 PM (see the schedule of homeworks on page 3). Late homeworks are not accepted. It is expected that you will have read the relevant sections of the text (see the schedule on the next page) before it is covered in class, and the homework is designed to focus your reading. You will need ...
Cosmological principle and the Cosmic microwave
Cosmological principle and the Cosmic microwave

... D. Scott ‘99 ...
Universe and Stars Project Final Due Date
Universe and Stars Project Final Due Date

... Include at least 2 video clips, no longer than 8 min each. (25pts) Your powerpoint slides must address the following topics ( 100pts): 1. Describe how the Universe was formed and provide at least 3 pieces of evidence of the Big Bang. ( LT A) Make sure you include what red shift and steady state mean ...
Lecture 21-Hot Big Bang
Lecture 21-Hot Big Bang

... was initially very hot as well as very dense. 2) In the Hot Big Bang model, hydrogen was initially ionized and opaque. 3) The Cosmic Microwave Background is a relic of the hot early universe. ...
1_Introduction
1_Introduction

... The Solar System is not expanding; it’s held together by gravity. Milky Way Galaxy is not expanding; it’s held together by gravity. ...
Chapter 18 - the Universe Begins
Chapter 18 - the Universe Begins

... ‘inflation’ (see Fig. 18.1). This very young Universe contained extremely hot energy—too hot for even the most basic building blocks of matter to exist. After this time, as the Universe expanded (see Fig. 18.9) and cooled, energy began to condense into matter (according to Einstein’s mass–energy rel ...
1 light year = 9 x 10 12 km
1 light year = 9 x 10 12 km

... The funkiest bit of all: the expansion of the Universe! • Mostly all galaxies appear to be moving away from us. • The farther away they are, the faster they are moving. – Just like raisins in a raisin cake; they all move apart from each other as the dough (space itself) expands. ...
ASTRONOMY 5
ASTRONOMY 5

Cosmology – The Origin and Evolution of the Universe
Cosmology – The Origin and Evolution of the Universe

... speed of light! • In a way – yes. But space itself does not have such speed limits. Only matter within space. Space is expanding, carrying the galaxies with it. These galaxies beyond the horizon are unobservable, even in principle, so it’s not meaningful to talk about their “velocity relative to us” ...
Activity 2 The Signature of the Stars
Activity 2 The Signature of the Stars

... spectrum.  Astronomers  can  learn  many  things  about  a  star’s  motion,  temperature,  and  composition  by  analyzing  the  starlight  that  reaches   Earth.  A  spectroscope  is  an  instrument  that  separates  light  into  its  spec ...
AstronomyQuotes
AstronomyQuotes

... center of the universe. This one misconception led people to entertain complex and ultimately untrue laws of nature, for example, that the planets traveled around earth in complex retrograde cycles. In 1542, Copernicus published “Concerning the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spears,” which replaced pri ...
September 3 and 5 slides
September 3 and 5 slides

... Imagine you are a pre20th century astronomer. ...
The Big Bang
The Big Bang

... curve outward. Most new stars are found in the arms. Elliptical – A round flattened ball. Contains mostly old stars. Irregular – No certain shape. Contain many bright young stars and much dust and gas. ...
Weighing the universe—6 Dec AST207 F2010 12/6/2010
Weighing the universe—6 Dec AST207 F2010 12/6/2010

... • A Type I supernova is a white dwarf that  explodes. – A WD and giant orbit each other. – Mass moves from the giant to the WD. – WD explodes when it gets so much mass  from the giant that degeneracy pressure can  no longer oppose gravity. ...
Course Expectations
Course Expectations

... 9. The difference between active and inactive galaxies 10. Hubble’s Law is used to calculate the distance to other galaxies 11. The farther away the galaxy is the faster it is moving 12. The Big Bang Theory is currently the most widely accepted and supported explanation for the formation of our univ ...
The Universe - The Ohio State University
The Universe - The Ohio State University

7_Big_bang
7_Big_bang

... uniform white “milky way” gave may to individual stars. M31 is made out of lots of stars just like our own Milky Way! We are but one of very many galaxies! Stars were very dim. This implied M31 is very far away. Of order 3 million light years! [Note, today we think of this distance as a very close n ...
Origins of the Universe
Origins of the Universe

... The Big Bang Theory • A theory for the creation of the universe • Scientists believe about 14 billion years ago, the universe was unimaginably compact, small, and dense • Universe began its expansion after a giant explosion, coined the Big Bang • It began expanding with unimaginable force from a ho ...
Where do we come from?
Where do we come from?

... A period when gas cools, falls to center of dark halos, and fragments into stars. ...
Star Groups and Big Bang Power Point
Star Groups and Big Bang Power Point

Integrative Studies 410 Our Place in the Universe
Integrative Studies 410 Our Place in the Universe

... – The year is the rotation period of the Earth around the Sun – The year is subdivided into months, the period of the Moon around the Earth – The weeks seven days are named after the seven bodies in the solar system known in ...
Post-class version
Post-class version

... • The farthest ones are closer than their redshifts would indicate. This means that the universe expanded more slowly in the past than it does now: the expansion is accelerating. ...
Excerpt from Aristotle`s “On the Heavens”
Excerpt from Aristotle`s “On the Heavens”

... circular orbit revolves in stately measure with all the heavenly bodies unceasingly for ever. The whole heaven and universe being spherical and moving, as I have said, continually, there must of necessity be two points which do not move, exactly opposite to one another (as in a sphere being turned o ...
< 1 ... 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 ... 69 >

Shape of the universe



The shape of the universe is the local and global geometry of the Universe, in terms of both curvature and topology (though, strictly speaking, the concept goes beyond both). The shape of the universe is related to general relativity which describes how spacetime is curved and bent by mass and energy.There is a distinction between the observable universe and the global universe. The observable universe consists of the part of the universe that can, in principle, be observed due to the finite speed of light and the age of the universe. The observable universe is understood as a sphere around the Earth extending 93 billion light years (8.8 *1026 meters) and would be similar at any observing point (assuming the universe is indeed isotropic, as it appears to be from our vantage point).According to the book Our Mathematical Universe, the shape of the global universe can be explained with three categories: Finite or infinite Flat (no curvature), open (negative curvature) or closed (positive curvature) Connectivity, how the universe is put together, i.e., simply connected space or multiply connected.There are certain logical connections among these properties. For example, a universe with positive curvature is necessarily finite. Although it is usually assumed in the literature that a flat or negatively curved universe is infinite, this need not be the case if the topology is not the trivial one.The exact shape is still a matter of debate in physical cosmology, but experimental data from various, independent sources (WMAP, BOOMERanG and Planck for example) confirm that the observable universe is flat with only a 0.4% margin of error. Theorists have been trying to construct a formal mathematical model of the shape of the universe. In formal terms, this is a 3-manifold model corresponding to the spatial section (in comoving coordinates) of the 4-dimensional space-time of the universe. The model most theorists currently use is the so-called Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) model. Arguments have been put forward that the observational data best fit with the conclusion that the shape of the global universe is infinite and flat, but the data are also consistent with other possible shapes, such as the so-called Poincaré dodecahedral space and the Picard horn.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report