Edwin Hubble (1889
... variables. By August, Hubble had still more variables to report. Shapley was glad to see this definite solution to the nebula problem, even if it refuted earlier evidence against spiral nebulae as island universes. Some of the evidence against spiral nebulae as island universes was based on a mistak ...
... variables. By August, Hubble had still more variables to report. Shapley was glad to see this definite solution to the nebula problem, even if it refuted earlier evidence against spiral nebulae as island universes. Some of the evidence against spiral nebulae as island universes was based on a mistak ...
Investigate Planets, Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
... Scale Model of the Distance Between Stars in Our Milky Way Galaxy When we consider the distances between stars, things start to seem crazy. If our soccer ball-Sun were in New York City, its nearest neighbor would be another soccer ball 5,000 miles away — in Honolulu, Hawaii. The space between the tw ...
... Scale Model of the Distance Between Stars in Our Milky Way Galaxy When we consider the distances between stars, things start to seem crazy. If our soccer ball-Sun were in New York City, its nearest neighbor would be another soccer ball 5,000 miles away — in Honolulu, Hawaii. The space between the tw ...
pptx
... The Sun orbits the Galactic centre at about 200 km/s Other disc stars near the Sun are moving at only ~20 km/s relative to the Sun The whole disc must be rotating ...
... The Sun orbits the Galactic centre at about 200 km/s Other disc stars near the Sun are moving at only ~20 km/s relative to the Sun The whole disc must be rotating ...
Hubble Deep Field Image
... dust Could not contain very bright objects or anything that emitted too much infrared, x-ray, or UV In addition, field could never be occulted by the Earth or Moon. ...
... dust Could not contain very bright objects or anything that emitted too much infrared, x-ray, or UV In addition, field could never be occulted by the Earth or Moon. ...
Earlier examination problems
... 15. Two identical atoms are at rest at radii R1 and R2 in a gravitational field with Schwarzschild metric. When observed locally, these atoms emit radiation at frequency ν. An observer at a very large distance (r → ∞) measures frequencies ν1 and ν2 , respectively. Find the ratio ν1 /ν2 . 16. An astr ...
... 15. Two identical atoms are at rest at radii R1 and R2 in a gravitational field with Schwarzschild metric. When observed locally, these atoms emit radiation at frequency ν. An observer at a very large distance (r → ∞) measures frequencies ν1 and ν2 , respectively. Find the ratio ν1 /ν2 . 16. An astr ...
Teaching astrophysics in VCE Physics
... $ Hubble found (using Cepheids) that certain 'nebulae' were not dust clouds, as had been thought, but distant galaxies. He used Cepheid variables in the nebulae to show that they were much further away than any stars in the Milky Way. (Cepheids are bright stars with a predictable luminosity-period r ...
... $ Hubble found (using Cepheids) that certain 'nebulae' were not dust clouds, as had been thought, but distant galaxies. He used Cepheid variables in the nebulae to show that they were much further away than any stars in the Milky Way. (Cepheids are bright stars with a predictable luminosity-period r ...
Earth Science Notes
... Suggest universe is the same as it has always been Suggest that the universe expands and contracts over time ...
... Suggest universe is the same as it has always been Suggest that the universe expands and contracts over time ...
As far as - Sangeeta Malhotra
... distances of all galaxies thanks to a dramatic drop-off in the ultraviolet spectrum of hydrogen known as the “Lyman break.” At such extreme distances, this spectral feature redshifts into the wavelength range ACS can detect. We see about 50 Lyman-break galaxies between redshifts of 4 and 7. And beca ...
... distances of all galaxies thanks to a dramatic drop-off in the ultraviolet spectrum of hydrogen known as the “Lyman break.” At such extreme distances, this spectral feature redshifts into the wavelength range ACS can detect. We see about 50 Lyman-break galaxies between redshifts of 4 and 7. And beca ...
Star formation, feedback and the role of SNe II and SNe Ia in the
... of dwarf spheroidal galaxies and found that the best fitting models for Draco have a large range of DM halo virial masses (108-109 MO) • Mashchenko et al 2006 made simulations of the interaction of Draco with our Galaxy and ruled out the “tidal dwarf” hypothesis and find that Draco is a cosmological ...
... of dwarf spheroidal galaxies and found that the best fitting models for Draco have a large range of DM halo virial masses (108-109 MO) • Mashchenko et al 2006 made simulations of the interaction of Draco with our Galaxy and ruled out the “tidal dwarf” hypothesis and find that Draco is a cosmological ...
1 you create an energetic-informative matrix and
... The average human is made up of 100 thousand billion cells, according to some estimates. This means that there are approximately 125 billion miles of DNA in a human body – corresponding to 70 round-trips between Saturn and the Sun. You could travel your entire life in a Boeing 747 flying at top spee ...
... The average human is made up of 100 thousand billion cells, according to some estimates. This means that there are approximately 125 billion miles of DNA in a human body – corresponding to 70 round-trips between Saturn and the Sun. You could travel your entire life in a Boeing 747 flying at top spee ...
The Cosmic Near-Infrared Background: Remnant light form
... due to the mass spectrum could be large. •An accurate determination of the near-infrared background allows us to probe the formation history of early stars, which is difficult to constrain by other means. •A reasonable initial mass function, coupled with this star formation rate, does not overproduc ...
... due to the mass spectrum could be large. •An accurate determination of the near-infrared background allows us to probe the formation history of early stars, which is difficult to constrain by other means. •A reasonable initial mass function, coupled with this star formation rate, does not overproduc ...
Candles in the Dark
... that the Milky Way was the whole Universe, so M31 was presumably a relatively small and nearby object. Hubble calculated from the variation of his Andromeda Cepheid how far away it was and came up with the answer of more than 900 000 light years (better modern measurements give the accepted figure o ...
... that the Milky Way was the whole Universe, so M31 was presumably a relatively small and nearby object. Hubble calculated from the variation of his Andromeda Cepheid how far away it was and came up with the answer of more than 900 000 light years (better modern measurements give the accepted figure o ...
Slide 1 - Mr. Hill`s Science Website
... On this scale, the Milky Way Galaxy would be the size of North America. ...
... On this scale, the Milky Way Galaxy would be the size of North America. ...
Stars
... Suggest universe is the same as it has always been Suggest that the universe expands and contracts over time ...
... Suggest universe is the same as it has always been Suggest that the universe expands and contracts over time ...
distance
... We can measure the time it takes to complete a cycle: the period The stars are called “Cepheid Variables” after the first one discovered, in the ...
... We can measure the time it takes to complete a cycle: the period The stars are called “Cepheid Variables” after the first one discovered, in the ...
the first three thresholds - McGraw
... universes keep appearing, each with its own distinctive features, so that our universe may be one of countless billions of universes. The modern origin story is also different from other origin stories in important ways. Above all, it offers a literal account of the origin of everything. It expects ...
... universes keep appearing, each with its own distinctive features, so that our universe may be one of countless billions of universes. The modern origin story is also different from other origin stories in important ways. Above all, it offers a literal account of the origin of everything. It expects ...
Still Lost in Space
... If they are stars? If they are stars (and the universe is very curved), then they should have stellar spectra. They do not. Also, only a few of them should pulse, and any pulsations should take hours to months. Instead they all pulse, some with periods as short as a quarter of a second! No st ...
... If they are stars? If they are stars (and the universe is very curved), then they should have stellar spectra. They do not. Also, only a few of them should pulse, and any pulsations should take hours to months. Instead they all pulse, some with periods as short as a quarter of a second! No st ...
Astronomy Exam Notes.docx
... a. redshifted photons are less massive b. an object has energy E when it travels at speed c c. photons can be converted to particles d. the photoelectric effect can be create vacuum energy 19. the light from distant galaxies is redshifted because a. they are moving through space b. the wavelengths a ...
... a. redshifted photons are less massive b. an object has energy E when it travels at speed c c. photons can be converted to particles d. the photoelectric effect can be create vacuum energy 19. the light from distant galaxies is redshifted because a. they are moving through space b. the wavelengths a ...
Option E Sum Pages
... times on its way out to the surface, and therefore has a rather continuous distribution of wavelengths. Chemical elements, ions and molecules near the surface will cause absorption lines in the spectrum (missing wavelengths) which provide information about the elements that exist in a star even if n ...
... times on its way out to the surface, and therefore has a rather continuous distribution of wavelengths. Chemical elements, ions and molecules near the surface will cause absorption lines in the spectrum (missing wavelengths) which provide information about the elements that exist in a star even if n ...
What is a Photon? - Indian Academy of Sciences
... they write in a footnote in the paper: When we gave a preliminary account of the considerations which appear in this paper (Cambridge meeting of the American Physical Society, February 21, 1941, Phys. Rev. 59, 683 (1941)) we had not seen Tetrode's paper. We are indebted to Professor Einstein for bri ...
... they write in a footnote in the paper: When we gave a preliminary account of the considerations which appear in this paper (Cambridge meeting of the American Physical Society, February 21, 1941, Phys. Rev. 59, 683 (1941)) we had not seen Tetrode's paper. We are indebted to Professor Einstein for bri ...
Fields, particles and frontiers of physics - Specimen
... Describe the important properties of the cosmic microwave background radiation and how the standard model of the Universe explains these properties. Explain their significance as evidence for the past evolution of the Universe. ...
... Describe the important properties of the cosmic microwave background radiation and how the standard model of the Universe explains these properties. Explain their significance as evidence for the past evolution of the Universe. ...
Uranometria 2000.0`s Dark Nebulae Database
... Dark nebulae are composed of clouds of dust and gas sufficiently dense as to become opaque. They are detectable if positioned between the observer and a bright nebula or a very dense star field, against which they can be seen silhouetted. Observationally, dark nebulae are among the most difficult de ...
... Dark nebulae are composed of clouds of dust and gas sufficiently dense as to become opaque. They are detectable if positioned between the observer and a bright nebula or a very dense star field, against which they can be seen silhouetted. Observationally, dark nebulae are among the most difficult de ...
Page 25 - Types of Galaxies
... • Edwin Hubble classified galaxies into four major types: A) spiral B) barred spiral C) elliptical D) irregular • Most galaxies are spirals, barred spirals, or ellipticals. • Earth can be found in the Milky Way Galaxy, which is a spiral galaxy ...
... • Edwin Hubble classified galaxies into four major types: A) spiral B) barred spiral C) elliptical D) irregular • Most galaxies are spirals, barred spirals, or ellipticals. • Earth can be found in the Milky Way Galaxy, which is a spiral galaxy ...
PH607lec12
... behind, instead of the same redshifts proportional to distance in all directions (Universe is isotropic). Thus we can measure our motion relative to the Hubble flow, which is also our motion relative to the observable Universe. A comoving observer is at rest in this special frame of reference. Our ...
... behind, instead of the same redshifts proportional to distance in all directions (Universe is isotropic). Thus we can measure our motion relative to the Hubble flow, which is also our motion relative to the observable Universe. A comoving observer is at rest in this special frame of reference. Our ...
Astro 10B Study Questions for Each Chapter
... What would happen if the Sun were replaced by a 1M~ black hole? How big would a 1 M~ black hole be? How does the Schwarzschild radius vary with a black hole’s mass? How do we detected black holes if we cannot see them? Why would jumping into a black hole be suicide? Why aren’t black holes ‘cosmic va ...
... What would happen if the Sun were replaced by a 1M~ black hole? How big would a 1 M~ black hole be? How does the Schwarzschild radius vary with a black hole’s mass? How do we detected black holes if we cannot see them? Why would jumping into a black hole be suicide? Why aren’t black holes ‘cosmic va ...
Physical cosmology
Physical cosmology is the study of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the Universe and is concerned with fundamental questions about its origin, structure, evolution, and ultimate fate. For most of human history, it was a branch of metaphysics and religion. Cosmology as a science originated with the Copernican principle, which implies that celestial bodies obey identical physical laws to those on Earth, and Newtonian mechanics, which first allowed us to understand those physical laws.Physical cosmology, as it is now understood, began with the development in 1915 of Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity, followed by major observational discoveries in the 1920s: first, Edwin Hubble discovered that the universe contains a huge number of external galaxies beyond our own Milky Way; then, work by Vesto Slipher and others showed that the universe is expanding. These advances made it possible to speculate about the origin of the universe, and allowed the establishment of the Big Bang Theory, by Georges Lemaitre, as the leading cosmological model. A few researchers still advocate a handful of alternative cosmologies; however, most cosmologists agree that the Big Bang theory explains the observations better.Dramatic advances in observational cosmology since the 1990s, including the cosmic microwave background, distant supernovae and galaxy redshift surveys, have led to the development of a standard model of cosmology. This model requires the universe to contain large amounts of dark matter and dark energy whose nature is currently not well understood, but the model gives detailed predictions that are in excellent agreement with many diverse observations.Cosmology draws heavily on the work of many disparate areas of research in theoretical and applied physics. Areas relevant to cosmology include particle physics experiments and theory, theoretical and observational astrophysics, general relativity, quantum mechanics, and plasma physics.