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PowerPoint 演示文稿
PowerPoint 演示文稿

... Insulin lowers blood glucose, amino acid, and fatty acid levels. promote the synthesis of protein, fat and glucogen. It causes fat storage in the adipose tissue. All the excess carbohydrates that can not be stored as glycogen are converted into fats stored in the adipose tissue. In the case of prote ...
BIOL242Ch16EndocrineSEP2012
BIOL242Ch16EndocrineSEP2012

... stimulate their release: – corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in hypothalamus causes release of… – ACTH in anterior pirtuitary, which causes GC release ...
pan hypopituitirism
pan hypopituitirism

... circumstances, do not delay initiation of a possibly life-saving treatment pending a definitive diagnosis. Treat secondary hypothyroidism with thyroid hormone replacement. Treat gonadotropin deficiency with sex-appropriate hormones. In men, testosterone replacement is used and modified if the patien ...
Chapter 18 The Central Endocrine Glands
Chapter 18 The Central Endocrine Glands

... Plasma concentration of each hormone is normally controlled by regulated changes in rate of hormone secretion Direct regulatory inputs that influence secretory output of endocrine cells – Neural input – Input from another hormone Effective plasma concentration also influenced by – Rate of removal fr ...
Chapter16 Endocrine
Chapter16 Endocrine

... information from cell to cell locally, within a single tissue (most common). E.g. prostaglandins • Endocrine – specialized cells release chemicals called hormones into bloodstream, alters metabolic activities of many tissues and organs simultaneously ...
Endocrine Disease in the White House
Endocrine Disease in the White House

... stimulate their release: – corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in hypothalamus causes release of… – ACTH in anterior pirtuitary, which causes GC release ...
Understanding T3 and T4, The thyroid gland secretes two thyroid
Understanding T3 and T4, The thyroid gland secretes two thyroid

... individuals who suffer from this condition lose weight, have an increased appetite, and show signs of nervous irritability. They appear restless, jumpy, and excessively active. Many patients with hyperthyroidism also have very prominent, almost protruding eyes—a condition called exophthalmos. Hypert ...
+ 63 days (62-64)
+ 63 days (62-64)

... 2. The principal progestational hormone liberated by the corpus luteum, adrenal cortex, and placenta, whose function is to prepare the uterus for the reception and development of the fertilized oocyte by inducing transformation of the endometrium from the proliferative to the secretory stage. ...
Training - Adirondack Area Network
Training - Adirondack Area Network

... excess secretion of ACTH by a neoplasm within the adrenal cortex excess secretion of ACTH by a malignant growth outside the adrenal gland (esp small cell lung ca) excessive or prolonged administration of steroids ...
Chapter 34 power point chapter 34shortened
Chapter 34 power point chapter 34shortened

... Stress, Elevated Cortisol, and Health • Acute stress triggers increased secretion of cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine • Chronic stress chronic stress interferes with growth, the immune system, sexual function, cardiovascular function, and damages cells central to memory and learning • Hype ...
Animal Science 434 Reproductive Physiology
Animal Science 434 Reproductive Physiology

... This is a picture of two dwarfs who are happily married with each other. ...
HMC Pulse
HMC Pulse

... – The Hypothalamus produces hormones that: – Are released by the posterior pituitary – Raise or lower production of anterior pituitary hormones – The pituitary gland: – Produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands in the body – Each of these hormones has a feedback loop that maintains ...
Reference Guide - US BioTek Laboratories
Reference Guide - US BioTek Laboratories

... and mineralocorticoid production as seen in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Estrogens Estrogen may be made in several tissues. Aromatase, widely present throughout the body, catalyzes the rate limiting step in estrogen biosynthesis. The premenopausal ovary contains the highest level of aromatase and ...
Pituitary Gland - Rochester Community Schools
Pituitary Gland - Rochester Community Schools

... Protein kinase A converts phosphorylase kinase to active form and inhibits an enzyme required for glucagon synthesis. ...
Thyroid replacement hormone (levothyroxine sodium)
Thyroid replacement hormone (levothyroxine sodium)

... “The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for the circumstances they want, and if they can’t find them, make them.” -George Bernard Shaw ...
1b Endo Sys II - Superior Glands
1b Endo Sys II - Superior Glands

...  The posterior pituitary is not strictly an endocrine gland because it does not produce any hormones.  Instead, it is a storage depot for hormones produced in the hypothalamus.  Release of posterior pitutitary hormones is controlled by neural stimulation from the hypothalamus  Hypothalamus produ ...
Growth hormone
Growth hormone

... Parathyroid hormone (PTH) PTH acts chiefly on kidney increasing renal tubular resorption and bone resorption of calcium; it increases calcium absorption from the gut, indirectly, by stimulating the renal synthesis of ...
TOPIC: Regulation AIM: What are the parts of the Endocrine System
TOPIC: Regulation AIM: What are the parts of the Endocrine System

... 1940) was a man who, to this day, is the tallest person in medical history for whom there is irrefutable evidence. He is often known as the "Alton Giant" because of his Alton, Illinois hometown. Robert Wadlow reached 8 feet 11.1 inches (272 cm) in height and weighed 490 pounds (220 kg) at his death. ...
Inquiry into Life Twelfth Edition
Inquiry into Life Twelfth Edition

... 20.8 Disorders of the Endocrine System • Diabetes Mellitus – Two types of Diabetes Mellitus • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – Insulin-resistant – Obesity- adipose tissue produces a substance that impairs insulin receptor function – Insulin levels are often low, and cells may not have sufficient insulin ...
Informed Consent for Testosterone Therapy for Female-to
Informed Consent for Testosterone Therapy for Female-to

... I identify as having a male/masculine, and/or a gender non-conforming gender identity and wish to be treated with testosterone. I understand that the long term effects of testosterone are not well-studied or fully understood. There may be important health risks or benefits not listed in this consent ...
The Endocrine System - College of the Canyons
The Endocrine System - College of the Canyons

... Other Second Messengers ...
Basic Human Anatomy Lesson 10: Endocrine System
Basic Human Anatomy Lesson 10: Endocrine System

... The posterior pituitary gland is the portion which comes from and retains a direct connection with the base of the brain. The hormones of the posterior pituitary gland are actually produced in the hypothalamus of the brain. From the hypothalamus, the hormones are delivered to the posterior pituitary ...
Menstrual Cycle Menstruation is the shedding of the lining of the
Menstrual Cycle Menstruation is the shedding of the lining of the

... can be detected by measuring the level of this hormone in urine. This measurement can be used to determine when women are fertile. The egg can be fertilized for only up to about 12 hours after its release. Fertilization is more likely when sperm are present in the reproductive tract before the egg i ...
GH Receptor
GH Receptor

... Because of its pathogenesis and slow progression, the disease is hard to diagnose in the early stages and is frequently missed for many years, until changes in Goal for the treatment of acromegaly is to reduce external features, especially of the face, become noticeable. the production of growth hor ...
Chapter 21: Blood Vessels and Circulation
Chapter 21: Blood Vessels and Circulation

... – Neural (synaptic) communication ...
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Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy

Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy (BHRT), also known as bioidentical hormone therapy or natural hormone therapy, is a poorly defined term referring to the use of hormones that are identical, on a molecular level, with endogenous hormones in hormone replacement therapy. The term is also associated with pharmacy compounding, blood or saliva testing, efforts to reach a targeted level of hormones in the body (as established through blood or saliva testing) and unfounded claims of safety and efficacy. Specific hormones used in BHRT include estrone, estradiol, progesterone (which are available both in FDA-approved manufactured products and as pharmacy-compounded products), testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (both products have more limited availability and approval in Canada and the United States) and estriol (which is available in Europe but is not approved in Canada and the United States).Custom-compounded BHRT is a practice almost wholly restricted to the United States. BHRT is a form of alternative medicine, and has been promoted as a panacea for many diseases rather than a means of relieving the symptoms of menopause and/or reducing the risk of osteoporosis (the goals of traditional hormone replacement therapy). There is no evidence to support these claims; the hormones are expected to have the same risks and benefits of comparable approved drugs for which there is an evidence base and extensive research and regulation. The exception is progesterone, which may have an improved safety profile, though direct comparisons with progestins have not been made. Bioidentical hormones may also present extra risks, due to the process of compounding. In addition, the accuracy and efficacy of saliva testing has not been definitively proven, and the long-term effects of using blood testing to reach target levels of hormones have not been researched.The International Menopause Society, American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, The Endocrine Society, the North American Menopause Society (NAMS), United States Food and Drug Administration, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American Medical Association, American Cancer Society and the Mayo Clinic have released statements that there is a lack of evidence that the benefits and risks of bioidentical hormones are different from well-studied nonbioidentical counterparts; until such evidence is produced the risks should be treated as if they were similar; and that compounded hormone products may have additional risks related to compounding. A major safety concern in bioidentical hormone replacement therapy is that there is no requirement to include package inserts, despite the potential for serious adverse effects (including life-threatening adverse effects) associated with HRT. This can lead to consumers' being deceived (and harmed), as they are misled into believing that BHRT is safe and has no side effects. Regulatory bodies require pharmacies to include important safety information with conventional hormone replacement therapy (CHRT) via package inserts.
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