The impacts of elephants on biodiversity in the Eastern
... The management of elephants, Loxodonta africana, in conservation areas has faced policy- and decision-makers with burgeoning populations1 and the loss of biodiversity,2,3 giving rise to the so-called ‘elephant problem’.4 Elephant management is particularly challenging given the high costs and strong ...
... The management of elephants, Loxodonta africana, in conservation areas has faced policy- and decision-makers with burgeoning populations1 and the loss of biodiversity,2,3 giving rise to the so-called ‘elephant problem’.4 Elephant management is particularly challenging given the high costs and strong ...
Herbivores, the Functional Diversity of Plants
... Numerous investigators have suggested that herbivores almost always increase rates of nutrient and energy flow through terrestrial ecosystems by returning to the soil fecal material and urine with faster turnover rate than shed plant litter. These previous theories and models always treat the produc ...
... Numerous investigators have suggested that herbivores almost always increase rates of nutrient and energy flow through terrestrial ecosystems by returning to the soil fecal material and urine with faster turnover rate than shed plant litter. These previous theories and models always treat the produc ...
The merging of community ecology and phylogenetic biology
... phylogenetic clustering of species in communities varies as more of the tree of life is encompassed in an analysis. Ecologically relevant traits may be labile towards the tips of the phylogeny (less inclusive phylogenetic scale) because close relatives often have divergent or labile traits as a resu ...
... phylogenetic clustering of species in communities varies as more of the tree of life is encompassed in an analysis. Ecologically relevant traits may be labile towards the tips of the phylogeny (less inclusive phylogenetic scale) because close relatives often have divergent or labile traits as a resu ...
30 years of the endangered species act
... discovered a small population of about 200 to 300 Aleutian geese. Buldir was Many private landowners on the Califorone of few remaining islands with no nia coast and in the Sacramento and San foxes and a remnant goose population. Joaquin valleys manage their lands to So serious was the plight of the ...
... discovered a small population of about 200 to 300 Aleutian geese. Buldir was Many private landowners on the Califorone of few remaining islands with no nia coast and in the Sacramento and San foxes and a remnant goose population. Joaquin valleys manage their lands to So serious was the plight of the ...
The merging of community ecology and phylogenetic
... conservatism because traits within clades are less variable than traits among clades. However, conservatism of traits deeper in the phylogeny may diminish due to homoplasy, particularly if lineages in different geographical regions have converged towards similar trait values as a result of similar s ...
... conservatism because traits within clades are less variable than traits among clades. However, conservatism of traits deeper in the phylogeny may diminish due to homoplasy, particularly if lineages in different geographical regions have converged towards similar trait values as a result of similar s ...
Forestry Habitat Management Guidelines for Vernal Pool Wildlife
... Stockwell (MAS), and Joseph Wiley (MDIFW). Additionally, L. Alverson and L. Feero contributed significantly to Appendix B, “Using Aerial Photography to Locate Vernal Pools.” M. McCollough illustrated the schematic demonstrating HMG implementation on the ground (Figure 3) and the illustrations of ver ...
... Stockwell (MAS), and Joseph Wiley (MDIFW). Additionally, L. Alverson and L. Feero contributed significantly to Appendix B, “Using Aerial Photography to Locate Vernal Pools.” M. McCollough illustrated the schematic demonstrating HMG implementation on the ground (Figure 3) and the illustrations of ver ...
Pages 16-144 - South Atlantic Fishery Management Council
... influenced by tide, salinity, nutrients and temperature. The saltmarsh can be a stressful environment to plants and animals, with rapid changes occurring in these abiotic variables (Gosselink 1980; Gosselink et al. 1974). Although species diversity may be lower than in other systems, the saltmarsh i ...
... influenced by tide, salinity, nutrients and temperature. The saltmarsh can be a stressful environment to plants and animals, with rapid changes occurring in these abiotic variables (Gosselink 1980; Gosselink et al. 1974). Although species diversity may be lower than in other systems, the saltmarsh i ...
(Apios americana Medicus) in Colorado
... Research by CNHP botanists and volunteers in the summer of 2000 was intended to 1) assess the status of the known occurrences, 2) assess the overall status of the species in Colorado, 3) search for previously unknown occurrences, 4) conduct preliminary research on the reproductive biology and pollin ...
... Research by CNHP botanists and volunteers in the summer of 2000 was intended to 1) assess the status of the known occurrences, 2) assess the overall status of the species in Colorado, 3) search for previously unknown occurrences, 4) conduct preliminary research on the reproductive biology and pollin ...
Landscape effects on insect pests of Dracaena marginata
... insect pest populations. We found that forest may provide ecosystem services for D. marginata fields, reducing leafhopper populations through bottom up and top down effects. Leafhopper eggs and nymph populations were lower in plots near forest patches, while katydid egg presence was not affected by ...
... insect pest populations. We found that forest may provide ecosystem services for D. marginata fields, reducing leafhopper populations through bottom up and top down effects. Leafhopper eggs and nymph populations were lower in plots near forest patches, while katydid egg presence was not affected by ...
Molecular Ecosystems - University of Denver
... in the adoption of an altogether different mode of system individuation: instead of circumscribing an entire region by relying on physical discontinuities, one can track the activity of organisms and then plot their distribution inside the territory. Succinctly put, the idea is to, first, select the ...
... in the adoption of an altogether different mode of system individuation: instead of circumscribing an entire region by relying on physical discontinuities, one can track the activity of organisms and then plot their distribution inside the territory. Succinctly put, the idea is to, first, select the ...
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF SOFT-WATER CALCIUM DECLINE ON THE LIFE- DAPHNIA
... species exhibited premature mortality (<10 days), most likely due to high-Ca demands of juveniles. In general, survivorship did not increase with increasing Ca-level, as the greatest survivorship within all species was seen at moderate Ca-levels (2.5 mg of Ca/L). It is suggested that acclimation to ...
... species exhibited premature mortality (<10 days), most likely due to high-Ca demands of juveniles. In general, survivorship did not increase with increasing Ca-level, as the greatest survivorship within all species was seen at moderate Ca-levels (2.5 mg of Ca/L). It is suggested that acclimation to ...
INVASIVE BARNACLE FouLINg oN AN ENDEMIC BuRRowINg CRAB
... Figure 2a). This difference is likely to be a consequence of the different relative availability of surface among sites rather than an active selection of them. Moreover, since the invasion of barnacles in the marshes is a recent phenomenon (Schwindt et al., 2009), colonization of crabs could increa ...
... Figure 2a). This difference is likely to be a consequence of the different relative availability of surface among sites rather than an active selection of them. Moreover, since the invasion of barnacles in the marshes is a recent phenomenon (Schwindt et al., 2009), colonization of crabs could increa ...
On chaos, transient chaos and ghosts in single population models
... population dynamics of species by modifying their population per-capita growth rates. An important type of such density-dependent factors is given by the so-called Allee effects, widely studied in theoretical and field population biology. In this study, we analyze two discrete single population mode ...
... population dynamics of species by modifying their population per-capita growth rates. An important type of such density-dependent factors is given by the so-called Allee effects, widely studied in theoretical and field population biology. In this study, we analyze two discrete single population mode ...
Impact of an exotic clam, Corbula gibba, on the commercial scallop
... steel mesh (5 mm square). The mesh on the top of the cage was removable. To a base density of 30 juvenile Pecten fumatus per 0.1 m2 (control), either 40 adult Corbula gibba (Treatment 1) or 40 extra juvenile scallops (Treatment 2) were added. This design allowed for the separation of intra- and inte ...
... steel mesh (5 mm square). The mesh on the top of the cage was removable. To a base density of 30 juvenile Pecten fumatus per 0.1 m2 (control), either 40 adult Corbula gibba (Treatment 1) or 40 extra juvenile scallops (Treatment 2) were added. This design allowed for the separation of intra- and inte ...
ecology - Excell Career Online
... No microorganism, plant or animal species including man is an isolated organism living in a void. Each of them is surrounded by a host of physical conditions that can be measured in terms of chemical composition, texture, pressure, temperature, and humidity, as well as being surrounded by a host of ...
... No microorganism, plant or animal species including man is an isolated organism living in a void. Each of them is surrounded by a host of physical conditions that can be measured in terms of chemical composition, texture, pressure, temperature, and humidity, as well as being surrounded by a host of ...
Zoology of Porites cylindrica: potential for use in
... Pacic). These major reef-building corals are the species which are best employed in transplantation efforts, specically because they reproduce asexually. The arrangement of colonies on my transects is suggestive of asexual reproduction via fragmentation (Highsmith 1982); the distribution of P. cyl ...
... Pacic). These major reef-building corals are the species which are best employed in transplantation efforts, specically because they reproduce asexually. The arrangement of colonies on my transects is suggestive of asexual reproduction via fragmentation (Highsmith 1982); the distribution of P. cyl ...
Does food web structure affect detrital processing in streams?
... many of the macroinvertebrate taxa found in samples from high dreissenid density only fed on pseudo-feces produced by dreissenid mussels such as oligochaetes, leeches, limpets and snails (Stewart et al. 1998). These taxa do not provide the same nutritional value to fishes as some other important tax ...
... many of the macroinvertebrate taxa found in samples from high dreissenid density only fed on pseudo-feces produced by dreissenid mussels such as oligochaetes, leeches, limpets and snails (Stewart et al. 1998). These taxa do not provide the same nutritional value to fishes as some other important tax ...
Seasonal succession in fishless ponds: effects
... with nutrient enrichment may determine variable dominance by large Daphnia. Low resource levels may favor competitive dominance by small-bodied taxa while large Daphnia may be favored under high resource conditions or following a nutrient/productivity pulse. Nutrient enrichment may also influence th ...
... with nutrient enrichment may determine variable dominance by large Daphnia. Low resource levels may favor competitive dominance by small-bodied taxa while large Daphnia may be favored under high resource conditions or following a nutrient/productivity pulse. Nutrient enrichment may also influence th ...
Waterfowl Habitat Conservation Strategy December 2007
... response, identifying conservation opportunities, and developing an initial landscape design with capacity expected to sustain current waterfowl populations and eliminate population deficits. Much of the technical information, including habitat models and decision support maps, appears in breeding f ...
... response, identifying conservation opportunities, and developing an initial landscape design with capacity expected to sustain current waterfowl populations and eliminate population deficits. Much of the technical information, including habitat models and decision support maps, appears in breeding f ...
Table S1. Hypotheses for amphibian abnormalities (adapted from
... in the level of UV-B penetration, which is suspected to have deleterious effects on aquatic systems [64-70] . Because many amphibians deposit their eggs in shallow water, they are perhaps particularly vulnerable to changes in UV-B [65,71-73]. Laboratory and outdoor studies have established that expo ...
... in the level of UV-B penetration, which is suspected to have deleterious effects on aquatic systems [64-70] . Because many amphibians deposit their eggs in shallow water, they are perhaps particularly vulnerable to changes in UV-B [65,71-73]. Laboratory and outdoor studies have established that expo ...
The Kenyan hippo Kanga, Erustus Mutembei
... for the Mara, in which water availability becomes progressively limited and water sources become points of contacts and conflicts between wild herbivores, the pastoral Maasai and their livestock during the dry season. However, although the Serengeti-Mara is the most well studied savanna ecosystem in ...
... for the Mara, in which water availability becomes progressively limited and water sources become points of contacts and conflicts between wild herbivores, the pastoral Maasai and their livestock during the dry season. However, although the Serengeti-Mara is the most well studied savanna ecosystem in ...
North-East Atlantic and Baltic Sea Health Check
... approximately 130-150 metres.I This region has the greatest economic potential, harbouring, for example, oil reserves and rich marine fisheries. It commonly corresponds with the so-called Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) – the limit of coastal state offshore jurisdiction. The shelf break marks a distin ...
... approximately 130-150 metres.I This region has the greatest economic potential, harbouring, for example, oil reserves and rich marine fisheries. It commonly corresponds with the so-called Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) – the limit of coastal state offshore jurisdiction. The shelf break marks a distin ...
Brolga - Ozcranes
... breeding records were in wetlands where the majority of the area had a semi-permanent water regime (flooded for 6 - 12 months at a time) with a smaller ephemeral area. Brolgas were never recorded breeding in wetlands where the majority of the area had a permanent water regime, which is typical of ma ...
... breeding records were in wetlands where the majority of the area had a semi-permanent water regime (flooded for 6 - 12 months at a time) with a smaller ephemeral area. Brolgas were never recorded breeding in wetlands where the majority of the area had a permanent water regime, which is typical of ma ...
Southern Yorke Peninsula CAP Summary
... which are declining or have disappeared from elsewhere in southern South Australia. However, as in other parts of the state there has been a dramatic decline in terrestrial mammal species. In an analysis of subfossil material, Graham Medlin (2011) identified that of the 24 species of mammal that hav ...
... which are declining or have disappeared from elsewhere in southern South Australia. However, as in other parts of the state there has been a dramatic decline in terrestrial mammal species. In an analysis of subfossil material, Graham Medlin (2011) identified that of the 24 species of mammal that hav ...
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, originally called the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project is a large-scale ecological experiment looking at the effects of habitat fragmentation on tropical rainforest; it is one of the most expensive biology experiments ever run. The experiment, which was established in 1979 is located near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon. The project is jointly managed by the Smithsonian Institution and INPA, the Brazilian Institute for Research in the Amazon.The project was initiated in 1979 by Thomas Lovejoy to investigate the SLOSS debate. Initially named the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project, the project created forest fragments of sizes 1 hectare (2 acres), 10 hectares (25 acres), and 100 hectares (247 acres). Data were collected prior to the creation of the fragments and studies of the effects of fragmentation now exceed 25 years.As of October 2010 562 publications and 143 graduate dissertations and theses had emerged from the project.