Biodiversity Conservation, Ecosystem Functioning, and Economic
... Cocoa, “the chocolate tree,” is traditionally produced under a diverse and dense canopy of shade trees that provide habitat for a high diversity of organisms. The current trend to reduce or eliminate shade cover raises concerns about the potential loss of biodiversity. Nevertheless, few studies have ...
... Cocoa, “the chocolate tree,” is traditionally produced under a diverse and dense canopy of shade trees that provide habitat for a high diversity of organisms. The current trend to reduce or eliminate shade cover raises concerns about the potential loss of biodiversity. Nevertheless, few studies have ...
SPOTTED OWL Strix occidentalis
... quantity, quality, and dispersion of suitable habitats (USDI 1992). For example, decreasing the density of suitable habitat or prey populations within the landscape may result in an increase in home range size as owls expand their foraging area to find sufficient amounts of habitat with prey. In Was ...
... quantity, quality, and dispersion of suitable habitats (USDI 1992). For example, decreasing the density of suitable habitat or prey populations within the landscape may result in an increase in home range size as owls expand their foraging area to find sufficient amounts of habitat with prey. In Was ...
Bald Eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus
... swamps, river bottoms and forests. In the Northeast they can be found in forests, areas of mixed forest and agriculture and even rural areas near cities and small towns. In general, bobcats use rough, broken habitat that has a mix of early and late successional stages. They do not prosper in highly ...
... swamps, river bottoms and forests. In the Northeast they can be found in forests, areas of mixed forest and agriculture and even rural areas near cities and small towns. In general, bobcats use rough, broken habitat that has a mix of early and late successional stages. They do not prosper in highly ...
Unit 7: Ecology
... • In Japan, rain which registers pH 5.6 or less is considered acid rain; some 80-90% of the rain that falls in Japan in a year is acid rain. • In Japan, acid rain with acidity equal to lemon juice has been observed at Mount Tsukuba in 1984 (pH 2.5) and at Kagoshima in 1987 (pH 2.45). The problem is ...
... • In Japan, rain which registers pH 5.6 or less is considered acid rain; some 80-90% of the rain that falls in Japan in a year is acid rain. • In Japan, acid rain with acidity equal to lemon juice has been observed at Mount Tsukuba in 1984 (pH 2.5) and at Kagoshima in 1987 (pH 2.45). The problem is ...
Article
... habitats, which can have contrasting effects [12]: the structure can significantly lower predation risk when it serves as a refuge for prey [13] but can also increase susceptibility to predators that use structure for ambush or camouflage [14,15]. The scenario is even more complicated by the evidenc ...
... habitats, which can have contrasting effects [12]: the structure can significantly lower predation risk when it serves as a refuge for prey [13] but can also increase susceptibility to predators that use structure for ambush or camouflage [14,15]. The scenario is even more complicated by the evidenc ...
Problems with areal definitions of endemism: the effects of spatial
... (Peterson & Sánchez-Cordero, 1994), experience in biodiversity studies in several regions suggests strongly that this assumption is at best variably fulfilled. For example, in northern Central America (Peterson, Escalona-Segura & Griffith, in press), species with the smallest ranges (single regions ...
... (Peterson & Sánchez-Cordero, 1994), experience in biodiversity studies in several regions suggests strongly that this assumption is at best variably fulfilled. For example, in northern Central America (Peterson, Escalona-Segura & Griffith, in press), species with the smallest ranges (single regions ...
Van Buskirk 2002
... Buskirk, unpublished data). The dragonflies were contained within small floating cages (usually 1-L volume) and were fed tadpoles of the experimental species every 2–3 d to ensure that chemical signals were produced to indicate the proximity of predators (Petranka 1989; Lefcort 1998). If tadpoles of ...
... Buskirk, unpublished data). The dragonflies were contained within small floating cages (usually 1-L volume) and were fed tadpoles of the experimental species every 2–3 d to ensure that chemical signals were produced to indicate the proximity of predators (Petranka 1989; Lefcort 1998). If tadpoles of ...
Plant diversity consequences of a herbivore-driven biome
... those of the independent Indicator Species Analysis of Dufrêne & Legendre (1997) according to McCune & Grace (2002). The Shannon-Wiener index of diversity was calculated as in Krebs (1989), but using ln base e. The values of this index were also converted to their number equivalents which expresses ...
... those of the independent Indicator Species Analysis of Dufrêne & Legendre (1997) according to McCune & Grace (2002). The Shannon-Wiener index of diversity was calculated as in Krebs (1989), but using ln base e. The values of this index were also converted to their number equivalents which expresses ...
delibes et al 2011_mammalian biology
... also usually begin to eat their prey by the head, except if they are unable to break the braincase bones (Leyhausen, 1979). The close proximity of the predator’s resting place to its partially eaten prey could be interpreted as some kind of prey guarding. We left the place after several minutes. Nin ...
... also usually begin to eat their prey by the head, except if they are unable to break the braincase bones (Leyhausen, 1979). The close proximity of the predator’s resting place to its partially eaten prey could be interpreted as some kind of prey guarding. We left the place after several minutes. Nin ...
2012-2013 Annual Report - Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve
... with the broader world, including climate change, species moving back and forth across boundaries, invasive species, and the risk of fire. The conceptual model of a dynamic system in context also ...
... with the broader world, including climate change, species moving back and forth across boundaries, invasive species, and the risk of fire. The conceptual model of a dynamic system in context also ...
Utah Envirothon Study Guide
... Habitat is the environment where wildlife lives. It includes food, cover, water and space. When these habitat factors are in good supply, they contribute to the well-being of wildlife. If any of the habitat factors are missing or significantly altered, it limits suitability, number and distribution ...
... Habitat is the environment where wildlife lives. It includes food, cover, water and space. When these habitat factors are in good supply, they contribute to the well-being of wildlife. If any of the habitat factors are missing or significantly altered, it limits suitability, number and distribution ...
Journal of Animal Ecology 82(6) - Seagrass Ecosystems Research
... dugon; sea turtles Chelonia mydas) on seagrass community structure, biomass and nutrient dynamics. Experiments were conducted in habitats with high risk of predation (interior of shallow banks) and lower risk (edges of banks) to elucidate whether nonconsumptive (risk) effects of tiger sharks (Galeoc ...
... dugon; sea turtles Chelonia mydas) on seagrass community structure, biomass and nutrient dynamics. Experiments were conducted in habitats with high risk of predation (interior of shallow banks) and lower risk (edges of banks) to elucidate whether nonconsumptive (risk) effects of tiger sharks (Galeoc ...
Tesis Maestria en Ciencias de Marcos A. Caraballo Ortiz
... fruit set. Self-incompatibility makes the spatial position of a flowering individual within a population particularly relevant because factors such as flower timing, spatial isolation, and/or neighborhoods could severely reduce pollination and fruit set (Feinsinger et al. 1991, Kunin 1993). This can ...
... fruit set. Self-incompatibility makes the spatial position of a flowering individual within a population particularly relevant because factors such as flower timing, spatial isolation, and/or neighborhoods could severely reduce pollination and fruit set (Feinsinger et al. 1991, Kunin 1993). This can ...
Biol 419. Community Ecology - Washington University Department
... Observatory (ForestGEO), a global network of forest-ecology plots and scientists dedicated to the study of tropical and temperate forest function and diversity (http://www.forestgeo.si.edu). The TRCP data set provides unique opportunities to gain experience in comparative ecological research at the ...
... Observatory (ForestGEO), a global network of forest-ecology plots and scientists dedicated to the study of tropical and temperate forest function and diversity (http://www.forestgeo.si.edu). The TRCP data set provides unique opportunities to gain experience in comparative ecological research at the ...
FNHTB Inc (0473, FS0015 and FS0016)
... "The robustness or resilience of what?" We are concerned simultaneously with a wide variety of natural and social systems. For some systems and activities, such asflsheriesand sensible management practices, we seek to flnd ways to enhance resilience and robustness; for others, such as diseases and d ...
... "The robustness or resilience of what?" We are concerned simultaneously with a wide variety of natural and social systems. For some systems and activities, such asflsheriesand sensible management practices, we seek to flnd ways to enhance resilience and robustness; for others, such as diseases and d ...
Honors Biology – Chapters 3-5
... Explain the three main ecological methods of research (observing, experimenting, modeling) Explain the benefits and limitations of ecosystem observing, experimenting, and modeling Given ecosystem data, calculate the population density of an organism ...
... Explain the three main ecological methods of research (observing, experimenting, modeling) Explain the benefits and limitations of ecosystem observing, experimenting, and modeling Given ecosystem data, calculate the population density of an organism ...
Flora – Nationally Vulnerable species
... (http://www..nt.gov.au/nreta/wildlife/animals/threatened/pdf/birds/australian_bustard_ vu.pdf) ........................................................................................................................... 24 Conservation status .......................................................... ...
... (http://www..nt.gov.au/nreta/wildlife/animals/threatened/pdf/birds/australian_bustard_ vu.pdf) ........................................................................................................................... 24 Conservation status .......................................................... ...
Bison are a keystone species for ecosystem restoration
... Decomposition of bison carcasses benefits the prairie grasslands. At an experimental site at the Konza Prairie in Kansas, scientists have studied the effects of naturally decomposing bison carcasses on the surrounding ecosystem. Initially, large amounts of nitrogen rich fluids are released that are ...
... Decomposition of bison carcasses benefits the prairie grasslands. At an experimental site at the Konza Prairie in Kansas, scientists have studied the effects of naturally decomposing bison carcasses on the surrounding ecosystem. Initially, large amounts of nitrogen rich fluids are released that are ...
Detailed Final Report - Rufford Small Grants
... preponderance begs the question of what impacts this species is having on the native ecosystem in terms of structure, composition and process. Further, other forms of habitat degradation such as livestock grazing, and edge-creation may exert interactive effects along with Lantana. Its impacts may be ...
... preponderance begs the question of what impacts this species is having on the native ecosystem in terms of structure, composition and process. Further, other forms of habitat degradation such as livestock grazing, and edge-creation may exert interactive effects along with Lantana. Its impacts may be ...
Invasive Earthworms
... shipping pallets and would then be free to bore into living trees in the new region they had been imported to and reproduce. The possible transportation of this invasive by humans was one of the greatest concern for researchers. Not all invasive species are always quite so obvious in their harmful n ...
... shipping pallets and would then be free to bore into living trees in the new region they had been imported to and reproduce. The possible transportation of this invasive by humans was one of the greatest concern for researchers. Not all invasive species are always quite so obvious in their harmful n ...
Effects of plant diversity, N fertilization, and elevated
... transformation. The distributions of soil ammonium concentrations and N transformation rates contained outliers, i.e., observations that extended beyond the upper or lower quartile by a value more than 1.5 times the interquartile range, but outliers accounted for less than 5% of observations in each ...
... transformation. The distributions of soil ammonium concentrations and N transformation rates contained outliers, i.e., observations that extended beyond the upper or lower quartile by a value more than 1.5 times the interquartile range, but outliers accounted for less than 5% of observations in each ...
Choosing appropriate temporal and spatial scales for ecological
... university officials gathered in a barn on the south edge of Madison and officially dedicated the University of Wisconsin Arboretum and Wild Life Refuge. The university had acquired five hundred acres of typical postsettlement Wisconsin farmland: pasturelands, grazed woodlots, plowed prairie, marshe ...
... university officials gathered in a barn on the south edge of Madison and officially dedicated the University of Wisconsin Arboretum and Wild Life Refuge. The university had acquired five hundred acres of typical postsettlement Wisconsin farmland: pasturelands, grazed woodlots, plowed prairie, marshe ...
Rapid, landscape scale responses in riparian tundra
... extensive exclosure experiment was run for three years on river sediment plains along two river catchments in low-arctic Norway. The river catchments were similar in species pools but differed in species abundance composition of both plants and vertebrate herbivores. Biomass of forbs, deciduous shru ...
... extensive exclosure experiment was run for three years on river sediment plains along two river catchments in low-arctic Norway. The river catchments were similar in species pools but differed in species abundance composition of both plants and vertebrate herbivores. Biomass of forbs, deciduous shru ...
Grey-crowned Babbler
... other sources of firewood. Maintaining large logs in Greycrowned Babbler habitat may provide additional harbour for pest animals such as rabbits and foxes. In addition, many landholders believe that fallen timber is a fire risk. Others think that fallen timber is untidy. If firewood collection is re ...
... other sources of firewood. Maintaining large logs in Greycrowned Babbler habitat may provide additional harbour for pest animals such as rabbits and foxes. In addition, many landholders believe that fallen timber is a fire risk. Others think that fallen timber is untidy. If firewood collection is re ...
BMC Ecology perennials Erica Spotswood
... tissues (flowers) are often selectively targeted by herbivores, like deer. These types of herbivory influence a plant's growth and abundance. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of leaf and meristem removal (simulated herbivory within an exclosure) on fruit and flower production ...
... tissues (flowers) are often selectively targeted by herbivores, like deer. These types of herbivory influence a plant's growth and abundance. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of leaf and meristem removal (simulated herbivory within an exclosure) on fruit and flower production ...
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, originally called the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project is a large-scale ecological experiment looking at the effects of habitat fragmentation on tropical rainforest; it is one of the most expensive biology experiments ever run. The experiment, which was established in 1979 is located near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon. The project is jointly managed by the Smithsonian Institution and INPA, the Brazilian Institute for Research in the Amazon.The project was initiated in 1979 by Thomas Lovejoy to investigate the SLOSS debate. Initially named the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project, the project created forest fragments of sizes 1 hectare (2 acres), 10 hectares (25 acres), and 100 hectares (247 acres). Data were collected prior to the creation of the fragments and studies of the effects of fragmentation now exceed 25 years.As of October 2010 562 publications and 143 graduate dissertations and theses had emerged from the project.