"Methods of Speciation in Tropical Reef Fish," Rollins
... becomes dominated by their genes only. If a small subpopulation of a given species breaks off from the main population, the small population may be subject to founder events, in which case genetic differences from the main population may accumulate quickly causing the smaller population to diverge f ...
... becomes dominated by their genes only. If a small subpopulation of a given species breaks off from the main population, the small population may be subject to founder events, in which case genetic differences from the main population may accumulate quickly causing the smaller population to diverge f ...
Open Access
... amounts of root grazing by nematodes can indirectly enhance plant performance [38,39]. Effects of root-feeding nematodes on aboveground herbivores can be negative due to the induction of systemic defences [28], or by the lowering of amino-acid contents of leaves [40]. Positive effects can for instan ...
... amounts of root grazing by nematodes can indirectly enhance plant performance [38,39]. Effects of root-feeding nematodes on aboveground herbivores can be negative due to the induction of systemic defences [28], or by the lowering of amino-acid contents of leaves [40]. Positive effects can for instan ...
Pinyon Jay - New Mexico Avian Conservation Partners
... pattern of late-summer/autumnal nesting in a Pinyon Jay population in central New Mexico. Pinyon Jays are adapted morphologically and behaviorally for the harvest, transport, storage, and retrieval of pinyon pine seeds. Population viability depends on mast crops of pinyon seeds, which occur every se ...
... pattern of late-summer/autumnal nesting in a Pinyon Jay population in central New Mexico. Pinyon Jays are adapted morphologically and behaviorally for the harvest, transport, storage, and retrieval of pinyon pine seeds. Population viability depends on mast crops of pinyon seeds, which occur every se ...
saving the flagship species
... The project identified six target species, namely, amur tiger, amur leopard, snow leopard, hooded crane, white-naped crane and black-faced spoonbill. The target species do not necessarily inhabit the territories of all NEASPEC member countries. However, each animal is one of key species that constit ...
... The project identified six target species, namely, amur tiger, amur leopard, snow leopard, hooded crane, white-naped crane and black-faced spoonbill. The target species do not necessarily inhabit the territories of all NEASPEC member countries. However, each animal is one of key species that constit ...
Land-use intensification reduces functional redundancy and
... redundancy provides resilience (sometimes called ÔinsuranceÕ) against the loss of functions and services provided by that group if different species show compensatory responses following environmental change (Naeem 1998). This view, however, is only valid if species richness corresponds directly to ...
... redundancy provides resilience (sometimes called ÔinsuranceÕ) against the loss of functions and services provided by that group if different species show compensatory responses following environmental change (Naeem 1998). This view, however, is only valid if species richness corresponds directly to ...
PROPOSITIONS DE THEMES DE MEMOIRES DE FIN D
... The quest for the most exact silvimetric description of a forest : creation of virtual forests and simulations of different phytosociological methods. Methods to describe vegetation assemblages (plot-based method, nearest-individual method, nearest-neighbour method, point-centered-quarter method, an ...
... The quest for the most exact silvimetric description of a forest : creation of virtual forests and simulations of different phytosociological methods. Methods to describe vegetation assemblages (plot-based method, nearest-individual method, nearest-neighbour method, point-centered-quarter method, an ...
Lethal effects of habitat degradation on fishes through changing
... can be profound, and are well documented for a broad range of ecosystems [7– 9]; however, the underlying mechanisms of change are often unknown. The interactions between organisms that share key resources can strongly influence growth, life-history characteristics, mortality and therefore species ab ...
... can be profound, and are well documented for a broad range of ecosystems [7– 9]; however, the underlying mechanisms of change are often unknown. The interactions between organisms that share key resources can strongly influence growth, life-history characteristics, mortality and therefore species ab ...
Habitat structure, trophic structure and ecosystem
... Received: 14 July 2005 / Accepted: 17 May 2006 / Published online: 1 August 2006 © Springer-Verlag 2006 ...
... Received: 14 July 2005 / Accepted: 17 May 2006 / Published online: 1 August 2006 © Springer-Verlag 2006 ...
Section 4 - Chandler Unified School District / Overview
... • No two species that are too similar can coexist because they are too similar in their needs. • In general, there are two main types of competition: • Interspecific Competition: Competition between different species. • Intraspecific Competition: Competition between individuals within the same speci ...
... • No two species that are too similar can coexist because they are too similar in their needs. • In general, there are two main types of competition: • Interspecific Competition: Competition between different species. • Intraspecific Competition: Competition between individuals within the same speci ...
Interaction webs in arctic ecosystems: Determinants of arctic
... detail, whereas the arthropods are substantially undersampled. Yet, the diversity of for instance midges (Chironomidae) apparently outnumbers mammals by a factor of at least 10:1 and more likely 20:1, thereby exceeding even tropical Diptera-to-Mammals ratios (cf. Wirta et al. (2016) vs. Basset et al ...
... detail, whereas the arthropods are substantially undersampled. Yet, the diversity of for instance midges (Chironomidae) apparently outnumbers mammals by a factor of at least 10:1 and more likely 20:1, thereby exceeding even tropical Diptera-to-Mammals ratios (cf. Wirta et al. (2016) vs. Basset et al ...
Poster Session
... Circle hooks have rapidly become popular among recreational anglers based largely on the assumption that their use aids in the conservation of fisheries resources by reducing gut hooking, and hence, mortality. We surveyed literature databases and also used questionnaires to solicit information from ...
... Circle hooks have rapidly become popular among recreational anglers based largely on the assumption that their use aids in the conservation of fisheries resources by reducing gut hooking, and hence, mortality. We surveyed literature databases and also used questionnaires to solicit information from ...
Open Access - Ghent University Academic Bibliography
... Title: Local adaptation of aboveground herbivores towards plant phenotypes induced by soil biota. ...
... Title: Local adaptation of aboveground herbivores towards plant phenotypes induced by soil biota. ...
MICHIGAN’S WILDLIFE ACTION PLAN
... conservation partners in Michigan. These landscape features are not proposed as a new classification system, but as an organizing tool that can be used by any planner or manager to focus conservation efforts at a relative spatial scale. They describe current, rather than potential or desired, condit ...
... conservation partners in Michigan. These landscape features are not proposed as a new classification system, but as an organizing tool that can be used by any planner or manager to focus conservation efforts at a relative spatial scale. They describe current, rather than potential or desired, condit ...
draft species conservation plan
... boundary of the reserve to mitigate the impact of these animals and maintain landowner support for conservation. Follow-up spotlight surveys and discussions with landowners demonstrated that other Macropod species (Western Grey Kangaroo, (Macropus fuliginosus), and Euro, (Macropus robustus rubescens ...
... boundary of the reserve to mitigate the impact of these animals and maintain landowner support for conservation. Follow-up spotlight surveys and discussions with landowners demonstrated that other Macropod species (Western Grey Kangaroo, (Macropus fuliginosus), and Euro, (Macropus robustus rubescens ...
Species interaction mechanisms maintain grassland
... number of species. For example, the CVMB for a fourspecies mixture would be large if the species vary greatly in monoculture biomass production. In contrast, the CVMB would be zero if all four species produced the same amount of biomass in monoculture. Thus, we predict that equalizing mechanisms, ma ...
... number of species. For example, the CVMB for a fourspecies mixture would be large if the species vary greatly in monoculture biomass production. In contrast, the CVMB would be zero if all four species produced the same amount of biomass in monoculture. Thus, we predict that equalizing mechanisms, ma ...
Ecosystems - Oxford University Press
... dioxide from the air (or from the water if they are aquatic plants), and release oxygen in the process known as photosynthesis. Plants and animals, including humans, use that oxygen in a process called respiration, and release carbon dioxide back into the air. Plants and animals contribute to the fi ...
... dioxide from the air (or from the water if they are aquatic plants), and release oxygen in the process known as photosynthesis. Plants and animals, including humans, use that oxygen in a process called respiration, and release carbon dioxide back into the air. Plants and animals contribute to the fi ...
Landscape elements as potential barriers and corridors for bees
... The calcareous grasslands are high-quality habitats and therefore not directly comparable to the low-quality grass strips; they were used as benchmark, since abundance and species richness are expected to be maximal on these grasslands. It was not possible to find calcareous grasslands with adjacent ...
... The calcareous grasslands are high-quality habitats and therefore not directly comparable to the low-quality grass strips; they were used as benchmark, since abundance and species richness are expected to be maximal on these grasslands. It was not possible to find calcareous grasslands with adjacent ...
The Impact of Invasive Species on Ecosystem Services and Human
... 1. Include all relevant ecosystem services in NIS impact assessments: decisionmakers need full information to strategically allocate limited funds for control. 2. Focus new ecological and economic research on regulating and cultural services: of all services, these are least accounted for despite th ...
... 1. Include all relevant ecosystem services in NIS impact assessments: decisionmakers need full information to strategically allocate limited funds for control. 2. Focus new ecological and economic research on regulating and cultural services: of all services, these are least accounted for despite th ...
Effects of Risk Assessment and Energy Expenditure on the Foraging
... consuming other resources it helps to explain why crows were attracted to the trays instead of the squirrels. The separation of crows’ and squirrels’ resources would minimize indirect competition between the two species. However, two other species played significant roles in this experiment. Both do ...
... consuming other resources it helps to explain why crows were attracted to the trays instead of the squirrels. The separation of crows’ and squirrels’ resources would minimize indirect competition between the two species. However, two other species played significant roles in this experiment. Both do ...
CO , nitrogen, and diversity differentially affect seed production of prairie plants 2
... responses, suggesting a trade-off. Allocation to seed production of some species responded to a diversity gradient, but responses were uncorrelated to productivity responses and not similar within functional groups. Presumably, species richness has complex effects on the biotic and abiotic variables ...
... responses, suggesting a trade-off. Allocation to seed production of some species responded to a diversity gradient, but responses were uncorrelated to productivity responses and not similar within functional groups. Presumably, species richness has complex effects on the biotic and abiotic variables ...
Section 4: Population Samplings
... Physical environment factors include food, shelter, water supply, space availability, and (for plants) soil and light. One of these factors may severely limit population size, even if the others are not as constrained. The Law of the Minimum states that population growth is limited by the resource i ...
... Physical environment factors include food, shelter, water supply, space availability, and (for plants) soil and light. One of these factors may severely limit population size, even if the others are not as constrained. The Law of the Minimum states that population growth is limited by the resource i ...
a review of four successful recovery programmes for
... avifauna as a source of food (Bannerman & Bannerman 1965). The first specimens of ZP were collected in 1903 (Schmitz 1905). By 1934, when the species was first described (Mathews 1934a), it was already rare (Mathews 1934b). In the early 1940s two freshly fledged juveniles were found within the walls ...
... avifauna as a source of food (Bannerman & Bannerman 1965). The first specimens of ZP were collected in 1903 (Schmitz 1905). By 1934, when the species was first described (Mathews 1934a), it was already rare (Mathews 1934b). In the early 1940s two freshly fledged juveniles were found within the walls ...
Intertidal and Nearshore Rocky Reefs
... Biological structures and patterns of resource distribution in rocky reef habitats The integrity of any marine ecosystem is a function of the interactions between its various biological components relative to their trophic interdependencies. A proper understanding of such interactions is vital to pr ...
... Biological structures and patterns of resource distribution in rocky reef habitats The integrity of any marine ecosystem is a function of the interactions between its various biological components relative to their trophic interdependencies. A proper understanding of such interactions is vital to pr ...
Ecology in Global Scenarios - Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
... The inclusion of ecology in past global scenario exercises has been limited. Previous global scenario exercises (see Chapter 2) have largely focused on social and economic drivers and consequently have presented an incomplete picture of the world. Ecological change affects scenario outcomes. Ecosyst ...
... The inclusion of ecology in past global scenario exercises has been limited. Previous global scenario exercises (see Chapter 2) have largely focused on social and economic drivers and consequently have presented an incomplete picture of the world. Ecological change affects scenario outcomes. Ecosyst ...
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, originally called the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project is a large-scale ecological experiment looking at the effects of habitat fragmentation on tropical rainforest; it is one of the most expensive biology experiments ever run. The experiment, which was established in 1979 is located near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon. The project is jointly managed by the Smithsonian Institution and INPA, the Brazilian Institute for Research in the Amazon.The project was initiated in 1979 by Thomas Lovejoy to investigate the SLOSS debate. Initially named the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project, the project created forest fragments of sizes 1 hectare (2 acres), 10 hectares (25 acres), and 100 hectares (247 acres). Data were collected prior to the creation of the fragments and studies of the effects of fragmentation now exceed 25 years.As of October 2010 562 publications and 143 graduate dissertations and theses had emerged from the project.