US Intervention in the Exchange Market for DM, 1977-80
... of intervening in exchange markets in such a way as to stabilize them? (2) If the authorities are indeed capable of stabilizing the exchange rate, should they attempt to do so? The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the first of these questions by examining U.S. official intervention in ...
... of intervening in exchange markets in such a way as to stabilize them? (2) If the authorities are indeed capable of stabilizing the exchange rate, should they attempt to do so? The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the first of these questions by examining U.S. official intervention in ...
inflation and exchange rate depreciation: a
... The theory by Mundell and Flemming (1960) , considers three markets: money, assets and goods market under perfect price flexibility in the long run. One implication is that devaluation may lead to further devaluation if fiscal discipline, inflation and B.O.P disequilibria are not well managed. Anoth ...
... The theory by Mundell and Flemming (1960) , considers three markets: money, assets and goods market under perfect price flexibility in the long run. One implication is that devaluation may lead to further devaluation if fiscal discipline, inflation and B.O.P disequilibria are not well managed. Anoth ...
The Effects of Exchange Rate Volatility on Exports
... exchange rate risk having negative effect on the volume of exports. In contrast, the evidence from other researchers such as Sercu and Vanhulle (1992), Baccheta et al. (2000), Aristotelous (2001), Bahmani et al. (1993), Gagnon (1993), Doyle (2001) and Bredin et al. (2003) demonstrated that the effec ...
... exchange rate risk having negative effect on the volume of exports. In contrast, the evidence from other researchers such as Sercu and Vanhulle (1992), Baccheta et al. (2000), Aristotelous (2001), Bahmani et al. (1993), Gagnon (1993), Doyle (2001) and Bredin et al. (2003) demonstrated that the effec ...
Turkey: Economy, Politics and Society in the Post-Crisis Era
... the Banking and Bankruptcy Laws so as to restructure Turkey’s ailing banking sector.2 The official view is that the February crisis was the result of the failure of the public sector to maintain the austerity targets set by the IMF-led stabilization program initiated in December 1999. According to t ...
... the Banking and Bankruptcy Laws so as to restructure Turkey’s ailing banking sector.2 The official view is that the February crisis was the result of the failure of the public sector to maintain the austerity targets set by the IMF-led stabilization program initiated in December 1999. According to t ...
Mankiw 5/e Chapter 5: The Open Economy
... real: the price of a country’s goods in terms of another country’s goods. The real exchange rate equals the nominal rate times the ratio of prices of the two countries. ...
... real: the price of a country’s goods in terms of another country’s goods. The real exchange rate equals the nominal rate times the ratio of prices of the two countries. ...
Mankiw 5/e Chapter 5: The Open Economy
... real: the price of a country’s goods in terms of another country’s goods. The real exchange rate equals the nominal rate times the ratio of prices of the two countries. ...
... real: the price of a country’s goods in terms of another country’s goods. The real exchange rate equals the nominal rate times the ratio of prices of the two countries. ...
Mankiw 5/e Chapter 5: The Open Economy
... real: the price of a country’s goods in terms of another country’s goods. The real exchange rate equals the nominal rate times the ratio of prices of the two countries. ...
... real: the price of a country’s goods in terms of another country’s goods. The real exchange rate equals the nominal rate times the ratio of prices of the two countries. ...
inflation, exchange rates, and stabilization
... country on a fixed dollar exchange rate. Even though the inflation rate was still 30 percent, the peso was pegged at 39 to the dollar forever after, or so the government announced. Exchange-rate pegging was thought to help bring inflation under control through at least two channels. First, internati ...
... country on a fixed dollar exchange rate. Even though the inflation rate was still 30 percent, the peso was pegged at 39 to the dollar forever after, or so the government announced. Exchange-rate pegging was thought to help bring inflation under control through at least two channels. First, internati ...
The International Financial System: Crises and Reforms
... end of 2000, although they remained above their levels during the Asian crisis.7 The emerging market crisis took its toll on world growth, which in 1998 at 2.8 percent8 was lower than in any year between 1994 and 2000. But growth increased in 1999 and 2000, with the year 2000 seeing the highest glob ...
... end of 2000, although they remained above their levels during the Asian crisis.7 The emerging market crisis took its toll on world growth, which in 1998 at 2.8 percent8 was lower than in any year between 1994 and 2000. But growth increased in 1999 and 2000, with the year 2000 seeing the highest glob ...
HELLENIC REPUBLIC MINISTRY OF ECONOMY AND FINANCE
... immediate requirement, but as a mediumterm objective • Progress in nominal and real convergence should be pursued in parallel • The key element of a successful strategy is to control the sources of inflation, other than the Balassa-Samuelson effect • balanced monetary and fiscal policy mix • control ...
... immediate requirement, but as a mediumterm objective • Progress in nominal and real convergence should be pursued in parallel • The key element of a successful strategy is to control the sources of inflation, other than the Balassa-Samuelson effect • balanced monetary and fiscal policy mix • control ...
The Internationalization of the Renminbi
... The global ascendance of the RMB implies tradeoffs that China cannot ignore. It would make the currency rise, but if it rises too quickly it will also inflate prices, which could force export 2. On October 2 2013, the Boston Fed President, Eric Rosengren, said the central bank should reduce the pace ...
... The global ascendance of the RMB implies tradeoffs that China cannot ignore. It would make the currency rise, but if it rises too quickly it will also inflate prices, which could force export 2. On October 2 2013, the Boston Fed President, Eric Rosengren, said the central bank should reduce the pace ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research
... import compression, the negative effects on domestic output and investment become hard to avoid. Since imports of consumption goods are a very small part of the total, they cannot provide a margin of safety. Secondly, for any given debt/GNP ratio, a higher share of exports in national income means a ...
... import compression, the negative effects on domestic output and investment become hard to avoid. Since imports of consumption goods are a very small part of the total, they cannot provide a margin of safety. Secondly, for any given debt/GNP ratio, a higher share of exports in national income means a ...
Russia Feels the Effects of Europe`s Financial Crisis Teaser: The
... Kremlin has been swapping out the euro. Thirty percent of Russia's currency reserves are now in euros and 55 percent are in U.S. dollars (the rest is a mixture of Canadian dollars, Chinese yuan, gold and other currencies). Another concern is that the European crisis could lead to a drop in Europe's ...
... Kremlin has been swapping out the euro. Thirty percent of Russia's currency reserves are now in euros and 55 percent are in U.S. dollars (the rest is a mixture of Canadian dollars, Chinese yuan, gold and other currencies). Another concern is that the European crisis could lead to a drop in Europe's ...
77025043I_en.pdf
... Federal Government and the provinces) and subject to political influences. The third factor is that the currency board had been in force for more than ten years and had gained credibility after having passed the test of the Tequila Effect in 1995. Hence, private contractual relations had to adapt la ...
... Federal Government and the provinces) and subject to political influences. The third factor is that the currency board had been in force for more than ten years and had gained credibility after having passed the test of the Tequila Effect in 1995. Hence, private contractual relations had to adapt la ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from the... Economic Research Volume Title: NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics 2007
... curve.If P is set at a level below (10),marketdemand for the firms'goods turns out to be excessively high, and they need to hire laborabove € to meet demand at unchangedprices, sacrificingtheirprofits.If P is set at an excessively high level, firms' sales revenue turns out to be too low and t falls ...
... curve.If P is set at a level below (10),marketdemand for the firms'goods turns out to be excessively high, and they need to hire laborabove € to meet demand at unchangedprices, sacrificingtheirprofits.If P is set at an excessively high level, firms' sales revenue turns out to be too low and t falls ...
working papers of the
... During the 1970s, the administration, in an attempt to redress many backlogs within a short time span, pushed public sector expenditure, both economic and social, toa far and toa quickly under deficit financing (9 percent of GDP). At the same time, it discouraged domestic prívate investment, on whic ...
... During the 1970s, the administration, in an attempt to redress many backlogs within a short time span, pushed public sector expenditure, both economic and social, toa far and toa quickly under deficit financing (9 percent of GDP). At the same time, it discouraged domestic prívate investment, on whic ...
Interdependence between Foreign Exchange
... stock trading as a relevant argument in the demand for money (an expansion of the money supply could be misjudged as expansionary while it might be neutral or even restrictive, namely if rising turnover figures in asset markets fully absorb the additional liquidity) led indirectly to the Great Depre ...
... stock trading as a relevant argument in the demand for money (an expansion of the money supply could be misjudged as expansionary while it might be neutral or even restrictive, namely if rising turnover figures in asset markets fully absorb the additional liquidity) led indirectly to the Great Depre ...
DESCRIPTION OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT TYPES AND
... underlying assets may be different. When trading in derivatives is conducted for profit purposes, the customer should be aware that such a trade entails high risks. Certain derivatives are characterised by large price fluctuations. Consequently, even small changes in the market may have a significan ...
... underlying assets may be different. When trading in derivatives is conducted for profit purposes, the customer should be aware that such a trade entails high risks. Certain derivatives are characterised by large price fluctuations. Consequently, even small changes in the market may have a significan ...
Section 1: 8-K
... A cautionary note about forward-looking statements: This Current Report may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements can include statements about estimated cost savings, plans and objectives for fut ...
... A cautionary note about forward-looking statements: This Current Report may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements can include statements about estimated cost savings, plans and objectives for fut ...
THE YEN, THE YUAN, AND THE ASIAN CURRENCY CRISIS
... in the region, leading to a further depreciation of the yen to \147 to the dollar momentarily in the summer of 1998. Continued depreciation of the yen, however, should be avoided as it will hurt not only the Asian countries but also Japan itself. 1) Japanese Investment in Asia at the Crossroads Simu ...
... in the region, leading to a further depreciation of the yen to \147 to the dollar momentarily in the summer of 1998. Continued depreciation of the yen, however, should be avoided as it will hurt not only the Asian countries but also Japan itself. 1) Japanese Investment in Asia at the Crossroads Simu ...