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The Solar System
The Solar System

... The inner planets. From left to right: Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars (sizes to scale, interplanetary distances not) The four inner or terrestrial planets have dense, rocky compositions, few or no moons, and no ring systems. They are composed largely of refractory minerals, such as the silicates, w ...
Is Pluto a planet or a Kuiper Belt comet?
Is Pluto a planet or a Kuiper Belt comet?

... planetesimals, preventing them from accreting into a planet. Those that were not ejected from this region make up the • How are meteorites related to asteroid belt today. Most asteroids? asteroids in other regions of the inner solar system accreted into • Most meteorites are pieces of asteroids. Pri ...
Neptune - TeacherLINK
Neptune - TeacherLINK

... system, but also one of the most interesting in all the solar system. It shows evidence of a remarkable geological history, with active geyser-like eruptions spewing invisible nitrogen gas and dark dust particles several kilometers into the tenuous atmosphere. Triton's relatively high density and re ...
Lecture13: Jovian Planets
Lecture13: Jovian Planets

... planet. Within the Roche limit, a satellite is torn apart. o  If a planet and a moon have identical densities, then the Roche limit is 2.446 times the radius of the planet. o  The Roche limits for some planets are: Earth - 18, 470 km Jupiter - 175,000 km Saturn - 147,000 km Uranus - 62,000 km Neptun ...
Chapter 12 Asteroids Comets and D arf Asteroids, Comets, and
Chapter 12 Asteroids Comets and D arf Asteroids, Comets, and

... in 1930, and nothing of similar size was discovered for several decades • Now other large objects have been discovered in Kuiper Belt, including Eris • The International Astronomical Union (IAU) now classifies Pluto and Eris as dwarf planets • The gravity of a dwarf planet is not strong enough to ma ...
Chapter 9 Remnants of Rock and Ice
Chapter 9 Remnants of Rock and Ice

... • Largest is Ceres, diameter ~1,000 km  • 150,000 in catalogs, and probably over a million with  diameter >1 km. • Small asteroids are more common than large asteroids. • All the asteroids in the solar system wouldn’t add up to  even a small terrestrial planet. ...
Solar System
Solar System

... not too violent, accretion leads to objects, called planetesimals, ranging in size from millimeters to kilometers ...
Lecture 3
Lecture 3

... to offer, Saturn sits enveloped by the full splendor of its rings. ...
Vagabonds of the Solar System
Vagabonds of the Solar System

... • Asteroids are relics of planetesimals that failed to accrete into a full-sized planet, because of the influence of Jupiter’s gravitational force • Without the effect of Jupiter, an Earth-sized planet might form in the asteroid belt • Jupiter’s gravitational pull “clears out” the asteroid belt by e ...
A105 Stars and Galaxies
A105 Stars and Galaxies

...  All planetary rings lie near their planet’s Roche limit  Existence of side-by-side ringlets of different compositions indicates rings supplied by varied comets and asteroids  Objects bonded together chemically will survive Roche limit ...
Neptune - pridescience
Neptune - pridescience

... There are 13 moons (8 of which are named): Naiad – discovered 1989 Thalassa – discovered 1989 Despina – discovered 1989 Galatea – discovered 1989 Larissa – discovered 1989 Proteus – discovered 1989 – dotted with craters Triton – discovered 1846 – retrograde orbit Nereid – discovered 1949 – irregular ...
The Jovian Planets
The Jovian Planets

... These spectacular images of the four massive Jovian planets — Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune — hint at some of the remarkable attributes that set them apart from the smaller, rocky terrestrial planets. Also called “giant planets,” the Jovian planets occupy orbits in the outer solar system at d ...
File - Mrs. Phillips` Physical Science Webpage
File - Mrs. Phillips` Physical Science Webpage

... One of Uranus’ moons, Miranda. • Unusual topography believed to be caused by tidal heating, resulting from an eccentric orbit around Uranus, causing temperatures within the moon to increase and decrease, driving convection currents. • Appears to have been torn apart and reassembled ...
For Immediate Release Caltech Researchers Find Evidence of a
For Immediate Release Caltech Researchers Find Evidence of a

... Scientists have long believed that the early solar system began with four planetary cores that went on to grab all of the gas around them, forming the four gas planets— Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Over time, collisions and ejections shaped them and moved them out to their present locations ...
Dynamical simulations of the HR8799 planetary
Dynamical simulations of the HR8799 planetary

... this model are elaborated in a number of papers (e.g. Gomes et al. 2005; Morbidelli & Levison 2006), but the basic scenario is that the four outer planets formed in a significantly more compact configuration than they are currently found. Indeed, some of the model solutions proposed invoke a system in ...
The formation and habitability of terrestrial planets in the presence of
The formation and habitability of terrestrial planets in the presence of

... represent the positions of giant planets in each simulation and are not on the same scale as the terrestrial bodies. The eccentricity of each body is shown beneath it by its radial excursion over the course of one orbit. Terrestrial planets can form in the habitable zone in the presence of a hot jup ...
*Do you know why the Outer Planets are called the “Gassy Giants
*Do you know why the Outer Planets are called the “Gassy Giants

... Now that you have looked at each of the planets, did you notice any common characteristics among the outer planets? Here are some things that you should know: —The outer planets are all large, and they are made of gas which is why they are called the “Gassy Giants.” —The outer planets all have rings ...
What Is a Planet?
What Is a Planet?

... dominate its orbital zone by flinging smaller bodies away, sweeping them up in direct collisions, or holding them in stable orbits. According to basic orbital physics, the likelihood that a massive body will deflect a smaller one from its neighborhood within the age of the solar system is roughly prop ...
Uranus: Satellites - Empyrean Quest Publishers
Uranus: Satellites - Empyrean Quest Publishers

... very small moons were found in 2006. • The distance is also the smallest, 19,640 km • Charon’s orbit period is the same as its rotational period, and also the same as the Pluto’s rotation period (6.3 days) – Both keep the same face toward each other – As seen from Pluto, Charon neither rises nor set ...
Chapter 7
Chapter 7

... not too violent, accretion leads to objects, called planetesimals, ranging in size from millimeters to kilometers ...
Jupiter and Saturn
Jupiter and Saturn

... Jupiter and Saturn? 3. What is going on in Jupiter’s Great Red Spot? 4. What is the nature of the multicolored clouds of Jupiter and Saturn? 5. What does the chemical composition of Jupiter’s atmosphere imply about the planet’s origin? 6. How do astronomers know about the deep interiors of Jupiter a ...
Collisional Cascades
Collisional Cascades

... • Mass flux through cascade (from large to small particles) is higher if the velocity dispersion is higher • Mass flux is set by collision rate of largest bodies capable of hitting each other during the lifetime of system. • If the collision timescale of the largest bodies is longer than the age of ...
Jupiter`s Relative Size
Jupiter`s Relative Size

... reasons why it might be useful to present this kind of "false advertising." When making solar system models, sometimes the planets and their moons are not quite to scale. For example, Jupiter should be about 11 times bigger by diameter (1400 times bigger by volume) than Earth, but in diagrams, the t ...
The Jovian Planets
The Jovian Planets

... These images of the four Jovian planets — Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune — hint at some of the remarkable attributes that set them apart from the smaller, rocky terrestrial planets. Also called “giant planets,” the Jovian planets occupy orbits in the outer solar system at distances ranging fro ...
7.5 X 12 long title.p65 - Beck-Shop
7.5 X 12 long title.p65 - Beck-Shop

... close to their planet were discovered from spacecraft flybys. All major satellites, except Triton, orbit the respective planet in a prograde manner (i.e., in the direction that the planet rotates), close to the planet’s equatorial plane. Small, close-in moons are also exclusively in lowinclination, l ...
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Jumping-Jupiter scenario

The jumping-Jupiter scenario specifies an evolution of giant-planet migration described by the Nice model, in which an ice giant (Uranus, Neptune, or an additional Neptune-mass planet) encounters first Saturn and then Jupiter, causing the step-wise separation of their orbits. The jumping-Jupiter scenario was proposed by Ramon Brasser, Alessandro Morbidelli, Rodney Gomes, Kleomenis Tsiganis, and Harold Levison after their studies revealed that the smooth divergent migration of Jupiter and Saturn resulted in an inner Solar System significantly different from the current Solar System. The sweeping of secular resonances through the inner Solar System during the migration excited the eccentricities of the terrestrial planets beyond current values and left an asteroid belt with an excessive ratio of high- to low-inclination objects. The step-wise separation of Jupiter and Saturn described in the jumping-Jupiter scenario allows these resonances to quickly cross the inner Solar System without altering orbits excessively. The jumping-Jupiter scenario also results in a number of other differences with the original Nice model. The fraction of lunar impactors from asteroid belt during the Late Heavy Bombardment is significantly reduced, most of the Jupiter trojans are captured via an alternative mechanism, and Jupiter acquires its population of irregular satellites via the same process as the other planets. The frequent ejection of an ice giant during simulations of the jumping-Jupiter scenario has led some to propose an additional giant planet in the early Solar System.
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