EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY SOME USEFUL DEFINITIONS
... to be produced than can survive to reproductive age. 2. Members of the population vary in form and behavior. Much of the variation is heritable. 3. Some varieties of heritable traits are more adaptive than others ...
... to be produced than can survive to reproductive age. 2. Members of the population vary in form and behavior. Much of the variation is heritable. 3. Some varieties of heritable traits are more adaptive than others ...
What Causes Phenotypic Variation Among Individuals
... Parallel between the Syllogism and the Breeder’s Equation 1. If individuals in a population vary with respect to a particular trait that has some genetic basis AND 2. If the variants differ with respect to their abilities to survive and reproduce in the present environment THEN 3. There will be an ...
... Parallel between the Syllogism and the Breeder’s Equation 1. If individuals in a population vary with respect to a particular trait that has some genetic basis AND 2. If the variants differ with respect to their abilities to survive and reproduce in the present environment THEN 3. There will be an ...
Exam IV Evolution Notes
... B. Natural Selection affects the reproductive success of individuals, and so through time populations evolve. Individuals cannot evolve. Individuals either live or die, depending in part on their adaptations (luck also matters somewhat). Populations evolve through changes in the proportion of certai ...
... B. Natural Selection affects the reproductive success of individuals, and so through time populations evolve. Individuals cannot evolve. Individuals either live or die, depending in part on their adaptations (luck also matters somewhat). Populations evolve through changes in the proportion of certai ...
Variability and Natural Selection in Populations of Wood Lice
... Recall that natural selection is simply defined as variation in survival and reproduction that is associated with variation in a particular trait. In a study conducted by Campbell et al. (1991), Ipomopsis aggregata flower width varies considerably among individuals. The hummingbirds that visit these ...
... Recall that natural selection is simply defined as variation in survival and reproduction that is associated with variation in a particular trait. In a study conducted by Campbell et al. (1991), Ipomopsis aggregata flower width varies considerably among individuals. The hummingbirds that visit these ...
Just What Were You Thinking
... pictures. English Bulldog and Chihuahua skulls are great examples of traits chosen to exist that actually detract from their overall health. 2. It is unclear whether students will understand fitness as it relates to changing environments and other pressures, as opposed to natural selection working ...
... pictures. English Bulldog and Chihuahua skulls are great examples of traits chosen to exist that actually detract from their overall health. 2. It is unclear whether students will understand fitness as it relates to changing environments and other pressures, as opposed to natural selection working ...
Evolution and Natural Selection (PowerPoint) Madison 2009
... species of finch that migrated to the islands one to five million years ago (Lack, 1940). Recent DNA analyses support the conclusion that all of the Galapagos finches evolved from the warbler finch (Grant, Grant & Petren, 2001; Petren, Grant & Grant, 1999). Different species live on different island ...
... species of finch that migrated to the islands one to five million years ago (Lack, 1940). Recent DNA analyses support the conclusion that all of the Galapagos finches evolved from the warbler finch (Grant, Grant & Petren, 2001; Petren, Grant & Grant, 1999). Different species live on different island ...
Natural Selection
... • The leaf bug • The selection pressure is predators • It’s strategy is to mimic a leaf ...
... • The leaf bug • The selection pressure is predators • It’s strategy is to mimic a leaf ...
HERE
... A. Some outcompete the dominant males in the redds. B. They appear from mutations randomly each ...
... A. Some outcompete the dominant males in the redds. B. They appear from mutations randomly each ...
Document
... • The leaf bug • The selection pressure is predators • It’s strategy is to mimic a leaf ...
... • The leaf bug • The selection pressure is predators • It’s strategy is to mimic a leaf ...
Read pgs. 556-564
... In your lifetime, you are unlikely to see a dramatic change in the appearance of any species as a result of natural selection. Indeed, most species show little change over periods lasting thousands of years. Although these observations suggest the absence of evolutionary processes, theoretical model ...
... In your lifetime, you are unlikely to see a dramatic change in the appearance of any species as a result of natural selection. Indeed, most species show little change over periods lasting thousands of years. Although these observations suggest the absence of evolutionary processes, theoretical model ...
natural_selection_and_evolution
... nature provides variation, humans select variations that are useful. Example - a farmer breeds only his best livestock ...
... nature provides variation, humans select variations that are useful. Example - a farmer breeds only his best livestock ...
CQ#1
... A. Some outcompete the dominant males in the redds. B. They appear from mutations randomly each ...
... A. Some outcompete the dominant males in the redds. B. They appear from mutations randomly each ...
Natural Selection
... Evolutionary Change without Selection • Genetic drift – the random shifting of the genetic makeup of the next generation • Genetic bottlenecks – result in a loss in genetic diversity following an extreme reduction in the size of the population (following a natural disaster, over-hunting, ...
... Evolutionary Change without Selection • Genetic drift – the random shifting of the genetic makeup of the next generation • Genetic bottlenecks – result in a loss in genetic diversity following an extreme reduction in the size of the population (following a natural disaster, over-hunting, ...
Artificial Selection
... continued to be produced, most of them didn't survive, while the dark-colored moths flourished. As a result, over the course of many generations of moths, the allele frequency gradually shifted towards the dominant allele, as more and more dark-bodied moths survived to reproduce. By the mid-19th cen ...
... continued to be produced, most of them didn't survive, while the dark-colored moths flourished. As a result, over the course of many generations of moths, the allele frequency gradually shifted towards the dominant allele, as more and more dark-bodied moths survived to reproduce. By the mid-19th cen ...
Chapter 7 Beyond alleles: quantitative genetics and the
... can be attributed to polygenic effects, i.e., product of two or more genes, and their environment. ...
... can be attributed to polygenic effects, i.e., product of two or more genes, and their environment. ...
Chapter 22: Evolutionary Processes
... D. Genetic Drift in Natural Populations 1. O’Brien and colleagues studied genetic diversity in cheetah populations using protein electrophoresis. They analyzed 47 different proteins and found zero allelic diversity in the loci they surveyed. (Fig. 22.5) 2. The extremely low genetic diversity in chee ...
... D. Genetic Drift in Natural Populations 1. O’Brien and colleagues studied genetic diversity in cheetah populations using protein electrophoresis. They analyzed 47 different proteins and found zero allelic diversity in the loci they surveyed. (Fig. 22.5) 2. The extremely low genetic diversity in chee ...
evolution-and-behaviour-essay-1 1 mb evolution-and
... eggs, so their own offspring are produced. The alleles for the trait of guarding successfully would be selected for by sexual selection. The selection of traits for optimal competing reflects that males (or the sex with the greater reproductive rate) generally display ardent mating behaviour, where ...
... eggs, so their own offspring are produced. The alleles for the trait of guarding successfully would be selected for by sexual selection. The selection of traits for optimal competing reflects that males (or the sex with the greater reproductive rate) generally display ardent mating behaviour, where ...
Concept 8.3
... It may be advantageous for individuals to belong to groups that are larger than optimal, but not so large that a new arrival would do better on its own. An intermediate-sized group might be large enough to reduce risk of predation, but small enough to avoid running out of ...
... It may be advantageous for individuals to belong to groups that are larger than optimal, but not so large that a new arrival would do better on its own. An intermediate-sized group might be large enough to reduce risk of predation, but small enough to avoid running out of ...
Mechanisms for Evolution
... • Genetic drift causes a loss of diversity – usually occurs after a significant event lowers the population dramatically – has a negative affect on the population • The founder effect can cause genetic drift if a small number of individuals found a new area • Sexual selection occurs when a character ...
... • Genetic drift causes a loss of diversity – usually occurs after a significant event lowers the population dramatically – has a negative affect on the population • The founder effect can cause genetic drift if a small number of individuals found a new area • Sexual selection occurs when a character ...
Evolution - NIU Department of Biological Sciences
... environment to sustain it. Some resource will be in short supply if the population gets too large. In this case, individual organisms will compete with each other for that resource. • 2. Within a species there are a number of different genetic variations (alleles) for many genes. Some of these allel ...
... environment to sustain it. Some resource will be in short supply if the population gets too large. In this case, individual organisms will compete with each other for that resource. • 2. Within a species there are a number of different genetic variations (alleles) for many genes. Some of these allel ...
Chapter 16 - Mrs. Pam Stewart
... happens more by chance and not by choice (has less effect on allele frequencies) ...
... happens more by chance and not by choice (has less effect on allele frequencies) ...
How do species evolve?
... Hawaiian Drosophila radiation New species clearly due to founders from older islands But NO evidence for low genetic diversity in these species ...
... Hawaiian Drosophila radiation New species clearly due to founders from older islands But NO evidence for low genetic diversity in these species ...
Mate choice
Mate choice or intersexual selection is an evolutionary process in which selection, normally of a male mate by a female chooser, is dependent on the attractiveness of his phenotypic traits. It is one of two components of sexual selection (the other being intrasexual selection). Charles Darwin first introduced his ideas on sexual selection in 1871 but they were initially rejected. Ronald Fisher then developed the idea in his 1915 paper The evolution of sexual preference outlined the Fisherian runaway theory in 1930. Advances in genetic and molecular biology techniques have accompanied major progress in this field recently.Five currently recognized mechanisms, which can co-occur, and for each of which there are many examples, explain the evolution of mate choice.In systems where mate choice exists, one sex is competitive with same-sex members and the other sex is choosy (selective when it comes to picking individuals to mate with). In most species, females are the choosy sex that discriminate amongst competitive males but there are several examples of reversed roles (see below).