miller 2000 mentaltraits - The University of New Mexico
... advertise the developmental stability of underlying brain structures. Thus, the pressures to advertise developmental stability may become the principal source of complexity in the fitness indicator. Often, this results in a characteristic pattern of complexity, in which discrete elements are repeate ...
... advertise the developmental stability of underlying brain structures. Thus, the pressures to advertise developmental stability may become the principal source of complexity in the fitness indicator. Often, this results in a characteristic pattern of complexity, in which discrete elements are repeate ...
and Empirical Studies - The University of New Mexico
... The Trade-Off Between Current and Future Reproduction According to the theory of evolution by natural selection, the evolution of life is the result of a process in which variant forms compete to harvest energy from the environment and convert that energy into replicates of those forms. Those forms ...
... The Trade-Off Between Current and Future Reproduction According to the theory of evolution by natural selection, the evolution of life is the result of a process in which variant forms compete to harvest energy from the environment and convert that energy into replicates of those forms. Those forms ...
Book Reviews 103 Wertheimer`s analysis clearly
... species with hovering flight to feed on flowers. However, this comparison can be confounded by close evolutionary relationships. Because closely related species share traits due simply to inheritance from a common ancestor, other hummingbird species with hovering flight should not be used as evidenc ...
... species with hovering flight to feed on flowers. However, this comparison can be confounded by close evolutionary relationships. Because closely related species share traits due simply to inheritance from a common ancestor, other hummingbird species with hovering flight should not be used as evidenc ...
dos and don`ts of testing the geographic mosaic theory of coevolution
... matching is not expected. For example, trait values should continually increase when "bigger is better" in the absence of fitness trade-offs (i.e. costs) and thus ...
... matching is not expected. For example, trait values should continually increase when "bigger is better" in the absence of fitness trade-offs (i.e. costs) and thus ...
Sexspecific selection on energy metabolism selection coefficients for
... The strength and direction of natural selection can depend on environmental settings, such as the density of conspecifics (Sinervo et al., 2000; Calsbeek et al., 2007; Mappes et al., 2008b). In highly dense populations, there are fewer resources per capita than in lower density populations, which ma ...
... The strength and direction of natural selection can depend on environmental settings, such as the density of conspecifics (Sinervo et al., 2000; Calsbeek et al., 2007; Mappes et al., 2008b). In highly dense populations, there are fewer resources per capita than in lower density populations, which ma ...
Chapter 10 - Semantic Scholar
... Life history tradeoffs typically involve multiple traits, while costs of functional traits and adaptation to alternative environments can occur through either one or multiple traits. Much of the work on adaptation to alternative environments does not examine specific traits, but rather it measures f ...
... Life history tradeoffs typically involve multiple traits, while costs of functional traits and adaptation to alternative environments can occur through either one or multiple traits. Much of the work on adaptation to alternative environments does not examine specific traits, but rather it measures f ...
Temperature- Dependent Sex Determination (TSD): benefits and
... amount of specificity, it was hypothesized, would be difficult to produce with low levels of genetic diversity. However it has been shown, especially in turtles, that there is a large heritability in narrow transition zones, and when combined with transition zones differing from one degree Celsius t ...
... amount of specificity, it was hypothesized, would be difficult to produce with low levels of genetic diversity. However it has been shown, especially in turtles, that there is a large heritability in narrow transition zones, and when combined with transition zones differing from one degree Celsius t ...
Let a Thousand Orgasms Bloom!
... There is indeed a reproductive bias to evolutionary biology generally, and my advice is that anyone who finds this objectionable should find a different line of work. “There are elements of androcentrism,” writes Lloyd, “and heterosexual bias operating in procreative focus as it applies to female or ...
... There is indeed a reproductive bias to evolutionary biology generally, and my advice is that anyone who finds this objectionable should find a different line of work. “There are elements of androcentrism,” writes Lloyd, “and heterosexual bias operating in procreative focus as it applies to female or ...
Running with the Red Queen: the role of
... RQ metaphor has been applied to different fields. For many evolutionary biologists, the RQH is most strongly associated with debates surrounding the evolution of sex. The RQH provides a mechanism by which sexual species are protected from elimination by asexuals despite the latter’s higher per capit ...
... RQ metaphor has been applied to different fields. For many evolutionary biologists, the RQH is most strongly associated with debates surrounding the evolution of sex. The RQH provides a mechanism by which sexual species are protected from elimination by asexuals despite the latter’s higher per capit ...
Running with the Red Queen: the role of biotic conflicts in evolution
... RQ metaphor has been applied to different fields. For many evolutionary biologists, the RQH is most strongly associated with debates surrounding the evolution of sex. The RQH provides a mechanism by which sexual species are protected from elimination by asexuals despite the latter’s higher per capit ...
... RQ metaphor has been applied to different fields. For many evolutionary biologists, the RQH is most strongly associated with debates surrounding the evolution of sex. The RQH provides a mechanism by which sexual species are protected from elimination by asexuals despite the latter’s higher per capit ...
THE PREDICTION OF ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION: EMPIRICAL
... Although this requirement will rarely (if ever) be met in practice, it can be avoided by applying Robertson’s secondary theorem of selection (STS). The STS predicts evolution by directly estimating the genetic basis of trait-fitness covariation without any explicit model of selection. Here we apply ...
... Although this requirement will rarely (if ever) be met in practice, it can be avoided by applying Robertson’s secondary theorem of selection (STS). The STS predicts evolution by directly estimating the genetic basis of trait-fitness covariation without any explicit model of selection. Here we apply ...
Chapter draft for book on the evolution of morality
... behavioral acts, in the general context of person perception, social attribution, and mate choice; this usefully blurs the distinction between ‘moral’ virtues and other sexually attractive virtues such as intelligence, creativity, humor, charisma, bravery, mental health, physical health, strength, f ...
... behavioral acts, in the general context of person perception, social attribution, and mate choice; this usefully blurs the distinction between ‘moral’ virtues and other sexually attractive virtues such as intelligence, creativity, humor, charisma, bravery, mental health, physical health, strength, f ...
Pollinatormediated selection and experimental manipulation of the
... To ensure that potential selection on flower traits occurred in relation to floral function, we modified traits beyond the range naturally observed in the population. In this way, we tested experimentally whether the floral traits under scrutiny represent relevant characters for pollinator attraction so ...
... To ensure that potential selection on flower traits occurred in relation to floral function, we modified traits beyond the range naturally observed in the population. In this way, we tested experimentally whether the floral traits under scrutiny represent relevant characters for pollinator attraction so ...
Speciation
... • Fitness depends on the combined action of the ‘right’ alleles at both loci • Idea supported by genetic data showing that reproductive isolation is based on epistatic interactions among several or many loci ...
... • Fitness depends on the combined action of the ‘right’ alleles at both loci • Idea supported by genetic data showing that reproductive isolation is based on epistatic interactions among several or many loci ...
The role of linkage disequilibrium in the evolution of
... mating in this model, although controlled by many loci, operates in a manner analogous to a one-allele mechanism; the same phenotype, for assortative versus disassortative or random mating, must fix in both incipient species for speciation to result. Speciation thus relies both on one-allele and two ...
... mating in this model, although controlled by many loci, operates in a manner analogous to a one-allele mechanism; the same phenotype, for assortative versus disassortative or random mating, must fix in both incipient species for speciation to result. Speciation thus relies both on one-allele and two ...
Intralocus sexual conflict
... measures the extent of similarity between the additive effects of alleles when expressed in different sexes (Box 1). However, the sexes are defined by strongly divergent reproductive strategies that generate sex-specific selection on many shared traits, favouring the evolution of sexual dimorphism [ ...
... measures the extent of similarity between the additive effects of alleles when expressed in different sexes (Box 1). However, the sexes are defined by strongly divergent reproductive strategies that generate sex-specific selection on many shared traits, favouring the evolution of sexual dimorphism [ ...
reinforcement in chorus frogs: lifetime fitness
... ubiquity of reinforcement requires fitness to be estimated across the life cycle, but the literature is surprisingly depauperate of such studies. We present fitness estimates of laboratory-raised hybrids between the chorus frogs Pseudacris feriarum and Pseudacris nigrita—two species that have underg ...
... ubiquity of reinforcement requires fitness to be estimated across the life cycle, but the literature is surprisingly depauperate of such studies. We present fitness estimates of laboratory-raised hybrids between the chorus frogs Pseudacris feriarum and Pseudacris nigrita—two species that have underg ...
TIS THE SEASON FOR SCIENCE
... of nature that select species to survive that are best adapted to the environment. These species in turn produce offspring and their numbers increase. Darwin proposed four tenets by which natural selection operates: 1. Genetic variation. 2. Overproduction of offspring. 3. Struggle for existence. 4. ...
... of nature that select species to survive that are best adapted to the environment. These species in turn produce offspring and their numbers increase. Darwin proposed four tenets by which natural selection operates: 1. Genetic variation. 2. Overproduction of offspring. 3. Struggle for existence. 4. ...
tis the season for science
... of nature that select species to survive that are best adapted to the environment. These species in turn produce offspring and their numbers increase. Darwin proposed four tenets by which natural selection operates: 1. Genetic variation. 2. Overproduction of offspring. 3. Struggle for existence. 4. ...
... of nature that select species to survive that are best adapted to the environment. These species in turn produce offspring and their numbers increase. Darwin proposed four tenets by which natural selection operates: 1. Genetic variation. 2. Overproduction of offspring. 3. Struggle for existence. 4. ...
Genetic Constraints and the Evolution of Display Trait Sexual
... alleviates the competition (Shine 1989). Second, sexspecific sexual selection may occur, in which different trait values maximize reproductive success in males and females. This is often hypothesized to occur because sexual selection is strong in one sex but weak or absent in the other (Price 1984; ...
... alleviates the competition (Shine 1989). Second, sexspecific sexual selection may occur, in which different trait values maximize reproductive success in males and females. This is often hypothesized to occur because sexual selection is strong in one sex but weak or absent in the other (Price 1984; ...
Thamnophis ordinoides
... Conclusions of Endler's book: 1. Selection intensities in nature often are as strong as those implemented by animal breeders. 2. Differences in fitness of > 10% are not uncommon for polymorphic traits. 3. Selection related to survival is generally less strong than selection related to mating ability ...
... Conclusions of Endler's book: 1. Selection intensities in nature often are as strong as those implemented by animal breeders. 2. Differences in fitness of > 10% are not uncommon for polymorphic traits. 3. Selection related to survival is generally less strong than selection related to mating ability ...
Document
... A successful observational experiment may require some manipulation so that it can be demonstrated that iguanas make the appropriate choice when provided with a range of temperatures that they may actively choose. • It then remains to demonstrate that such choices are adaptive – that they increase f ...
... A successful observational experiment may require some manipulation so that it can be demonstrated that iguanas make the appropriate choice when provided with a range of temperatures that they may actively choose. • It then remains to demonstrate that such choices are adaptive – that they increase f ...
Pitchers et al resubmission to Phil Trans Feb2014
... reviews that synthesize these parameters [30-38]. There is considerable variation in the ...
... reviews that synthesize these parameters [30-38]. There is considerable variation in the ...
Developing a theory of Gendered Prejudice
... competitors, but rather as contested resources. This is true for both ingroup and outgroup females, as it is often the case that females from the outgroup are incorporated into the victorious group after intergroup conflict (Thornhill & Palmer, 2000; Wrangham & Peterson, 1996). Men are more likely t ...
... competitors, but rather as contested resources. This is true for both ingroup and outgroup females, as it is often the case that females from the outgroup are incorporated into the victorious group after intergroup conflict (Thornhill & Palmer, 2000; Wrangham & Peterson, 1996). Men are more likely t ...
Mate choice
Mate choice or intersexual selection is an evolutionary process in which selection, normally of a male mate by a female chooser, is dependent on the attractiveness of his phenotypic traits. It is one of two components of sexual selection (the other being intrasexual selection). Charles Darwin first introduced his ideas on sexual selection in 1871 but they were initially rejected. Ronald Fisher then developed the idea in his 1915 paper The evolution of sexual preference outlined the Fisherian runaway theory in 1930. Advances in genetic and molecular biology techniques have accompanied major progress in this field recently.Five currently recognized mechanisms, which can co-occur, and for each of which there are many examples, explain the evolution of mate choice.In systems where mate choice exists, one sex is competitive with same-sex members and the other sex is choosy (selective when it comes to picking individuals to mate with). In most species, females are the choosy sex that discriminate amongst competitive males but there are several examples of reversed roles (see below).