WHEN THE visual cortex in the occipital lobe is electrically
... visual input from the retina which appeared to have remained unaffected. No epileptiform activity was experienced by the other two subjects during our experiments. The second and third patients reported phosphenes that were punctate (probably less than 0.2" of visual arc) and essentially colourless ...
... visual input from the retina which appeared to have remained unaffected. No epileptiform activity was experienced by the other two subjects during our experiments. The second and third patients reported phosphenes that were punctate (probably less than 0.2" of visual arc) and essentially colourless ...
Thinking in circuits: toward neurobiological explanation in cognitive
... problems that seem to persist for other neurocomputational approaches. For example, concepts or percepts are sometimes represented as activation vectors over neuron populations (see, for example, Rogers and McClelland 2004), but it is well known that this approach runs into the problem of catastroph ...
... problems that seem to persist for other neurocomputational approaches. For example, concepts or percepts are sometimes represented as activation vectors over neuron populations (see, for example, Rogers and McClelland 2004), but it is well known that this approach runs into the problem of catastroph ...
Topographic Maps are Fundamental to Sensory
... transformations in the retina become important, so that the afferents activated by light onset become discorrelated from those activated by light offset, and some mammals have separate layers in primary visual cortex for “on” retinal ganglion cell inputs and “off” ganglion cell inputs, as well as se ...
... transformations in the retina become important, so that the afferents activated by light onset become discorrelated from those activated by light offset, and some mammals have separate layers in primary visual cortex for “on” retinal ganglion cell inputs and “off” ganglion cell inputs, as well as se ...
Life and Death of Neurons in the Aging Brain
... significant decline across ages should not be interpreted as strong evidence for biologically significant age-related neuron decline (33). Studies of total neocortical neuron counts are difficult to put into a clear functional context, given the enormous regional, laminar, and cellular heterogeneity ...
... significant decline across ages should not be interpreted as strong evidence for biologically significant age-related neuron decline (33). Studies of total neocortical neuron counts are difficult to put into a clear functional context, given the enormous regional, laminar, and cellular heterogeneity ...
Total number and volume of Von Economo neurons in the cerebral
... point of view, cetaceans are included in a superorder, the cetartiodactyls, which groups them with all even-toed ungulates, the hippopotamids being their closest relatives on the grounds of molecular phylogenetics (Gatesy, 1997; Boisserie et al., 2005; Agnarsson and May-Collado, 2008). During their ...
... point of view, cetaceans are included in a superorder, the cetartiodactyls, which groups them with all even-toed ungulates, the hippopotamids being their closest relatives on the grounds of molecular phylogenetics (Gatesy, 1997; Boisserie et al., 2005; Agnarsson and May-Collado, 2008). During their ...
THE TELL-TALE BRAIN:
... feels like it is moving—sometimes for the first time in years. In many patients this exercise relieves the phantom cramp and associated pain. In clinical trials, mirror visual feedback has also been shown to be more effective than conventional treatments for chronic regional pain syndrome and paraly ...
... feels like it is moving—sometimes for the first time in years. In many patients this exercise relieves the phantom cramp and associated pain. In clinical trials, mirror visual feedback has also been shown to be more effective than conventional treatments for chronic regional pain syndrome and paraly ...
Final Paper Outline: Effects of Meditation on the Brain
... treatment for stress management aimed at reducing the “big five” lifestyle diseases which consist of coronary heart disease, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, diabetes, and stroke (Lloyd & Foster, 2006); in addition to eventually being used for pain control as demonstrated by Pepe ...
... treatment for stress management aimed at reducing the “big five” lifestyle diseases which consist of coronary heart disease, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, diabetes, and stroke (Lloyd & Foster, 2006); in addition to eventually being used for pain control as demonstrated by Pepe ...
Object Shape Differences Reflected by Somatosensory Cortical
... Group 1. This group engaged in two different conditions. In one they discriminated ellipsoids in the round set, and in the other they discriminated ellipsoids in the oblong set. The subjects were unaware of the ellipsoids being divided into two sets. The subjects discriminated the oblongness of elli ...
... Group 1. This group engaged in two different conditions. In one they discriminated ellipsoids in the round set, and in the other they discriminated ellipsoids in the oblong set. The subjects were unaware of the ellipsoids being divided into two sets. The subjects discriminated the oblongness of elli ...
May 21, 04.doc
... Effects of sensory deprivation on GABAergic cortical circuitry have been widely studied. Pioneer studies on the adult monkey’s visual system showed that depriving visual input from one eye results in decreases of both GABA and its synthesizing enzyme GAD in the deprived cortical neurons (Hendry and ...
... Effects of sensory deprivation on GABAergic cortical circuitry have been widely studied. Pioneer studies on the adult monkey’s visual system showed that depriving visual input from one eye results in decreases of both GABA and its synthesizing enzyme GAD in the deprived cortical neurons (Hendry and ...
Rapid Critical Period Induction by Tonic Inhibition in Visual Cortex
... GAD65 KO mice (Fagiolini and Hensch, 2000). Taken together, these results represent the first direct manipulation of critical period timing in any system. To better understand how inhibition induces plasticity in vivo, we determined the timing requirement for GABAergic transmission using the GAD65 K ...
... GAD65 KO mice (Fagiolini and Hensch, 2000). Taken together, these results represent the first direct manipulation of critical period timing in any system. To better understand how inhibition induces plasticity in vivo, we determined the timing requirement for GABAergic transmission using the GAD65 K ...
Crossmodal and action-specific: neuroimaging the human mirror
... findings are not specific to canonical frontoparietal regions but extend to many other regions including the early visual cortex, superior temporal cortex, and the cerebellum (Box 1). Another study that used ‘unsmoothed’ data to reduce artefactual overlap between distinct but adjacent regions report ...
... findings are not specific to canonical frontoparietal regions but extend to many other regions including the early visual cortex, superior temporal cortex, and the cerebellum (Box 1). Another study that used ‘unsmoothed’ data to reduce artefactual overlap between distinct but adjacent regions report ...
Chapter 2: The synapse – regulating communication and
... however, are designed for different functions - not as slaves to a single presynaptic input, but as integrators of information from many inputs that may be both excitatory and inhibitory. As you might anticipate, the structural features of such synapses differ in important ways from the nerve-muscle ...
... however, are designed for different functions - not as slaves to a single presynaptic input, but as integrators of information from many inputs that may be both excitatory and inhibitory. As you might anticipate, the structural features of such synapses differ in important ways from the nerve-muscle ...
Short-Lasting Classical Conditioning Induces
... The effects of training upon row B representation were assessed by comparing the labeling evoked by stimulation of the "trained" row B of whiskers and the control row B, unstimulated during the behavioral training, on the other side of the snout. We previously ascertained (Chmielowska et al., 1986; ...
... The effects of training upon row B representation were assessed by comparing the labeling evoked by stimulation of the "trained" row B of whiskers and the control row B, unstimulated during the behavioral training, on the other side of the snout. We previously ascertained (Chmielowska et al., 1986; ...
Reaching for the brain: stimulating neural activity as the big leap in
... enhance regrowth of their axons. This builds upon a large body of evidence—both from preclinical work and clinical trials—for its success in peripheral nerve regeneration, where electrical stimulation is a well-known treatment to promote neural regeneration and functional recovery (5,6). The molecul ...
... enhance regrowth of their axons. This builds upon a large body of evidence—both from preclinical work and clinical trials—for its success in peripheral nerve regeneration, where electrical stimulation is a well-known treatment to promote neural regeneration and functional recovery (5,6). The molecul ...
PDF
... of neuronal systems. For example, the inferior temporal cortex processes sensory information about shape and color, but is equally involved in storage of the same types of stimulus features [64]. Although psychology has traditionally divided the mind into separate functions, such as perception, memo ...
... of neuronal systems. For example, the inferior temporal cortex processes sensory information about shape and color, but is equally involved in storage of the same types of stimulus features [64]. Although psychology has traditionally divided the mind into separate functions, such as perception, memo ...
effect of glycyrrhiza glabra root extract on learning and memory in
... significantly in both the exteroceptive and interoceptive behavioral models employed. The stimulus lie outside the body in exteroceptive behavior models (Elevated plus maze and Morris water maze), whereas, it lies within the body in the case of interoceptive models (Diazepam). All the doses of aqueo ...
... significantly in both the exteroceptive and interoceptive behavioral models employed. The stimulus lie outside the body in exteroceptive behavior models (Elevated plus maze and Morris water maze), whereas, it lies within the body in the case of interoceptive models (Diazepam). All the doses of aqueo ...
Opposing roles for dopamine and serotonin in the modulation of
... antagonists into the nonhuman primate PFC that dopamine’s facilitatory effects on the cellular processes that support WM are dose dependent. The D1 receptor system appears to specifically generate delay-related cellular activity, but only when stimulated at an optimal level. The role of the D2 syste ...
... antagonists into the nonhuman primate PFC that dopamine’s facilitatory effects on the cellular processes that support WM are dose dependent. The D1 receptor system appears to specifically generate delay-related cellular activity, but only when stimulated at an optimal level. The role of the D2 syste ...
May 11, 04copy.doc
... Effects of sensory deprivation on GABAergic cortical circuitry have been widely studied. Pioneer studies on the adult monkey’s visual system showed that depriving visual input from one eye results in decreases of both GABA and its synthesizing enzyme GAD in the deprived cortical neurons (Hendry and ...
... Effects of sensory deprivation on GABAergic cortical circuitry have been widely studied. Pioneer studies on the adult monkey’s visual system showed that depriving visual input from one eye results in decreases of both GABA and its synthesizing enzyme GAD in the deprived cortical neurons (Hendry and ...
Heading: Sensory Deprivation in Humans, Mice, and History Caleb B. Carson Running Head: Sensory Deprivation
... formed. To determine the effects of the sensory deprivation on this spinal dendrite loss rate, mice from four weeks of age to six weeks of age had their whiskers trimmed on one side of the facial pad. The number of spines generated and eliminated compared to the “non-deprived constant growth vs, ...
... formed. To determine the effects of the sensory deprivation on this spinal dendrite loss rate, mice from four weeks of age to six weeks of age had their whiskers trimmed on one side of the facial pad. The number of spines generated and eliminated compared to the “non-deprived constant growth vs, ...
The Journal of Neuroscience, June 1, 2003 • 23(11):4657– 4666
... was evident that labeled neurons were confined to a tight column within lamina IX of the L4 and L5 spinal cord levels. At higher magnification (inset to the right), it was observed that presumed gastrocnemius motoneurons had a soma diameter of _40 – 70 _m and extensive dendritic arborizations. B ill ...
... was evident that labeled neurons were confined to a tight column within lamina IX of the L4 and L5 spinal cord levels. At higher magnification (inset to the right), it was observed that presumed gastrocnemius motoneurons had a soma diameter of _40 – 70 _m and extensive dendritic arborizations. B ill ...
Barlow, Horace (2001) - Cambridge Neuroscience
... more channels, though it is true that each is active at a lower rate. The increase in cell numbers is enormous, with more than a thousand times as many neurons concerned with vision in the human cortex as there are ganglion cells in the two retinas. The average frequency of impulses certainly becom ...
... more channels, though it is true that each is active at a lower rate. The increase in cell numbers is enormous, with more than a thousand times as many neurons concerned with vision in the human cortex as there are ganglion cells in the two retinas. The average frequency of impulses certainly becom ...
Specification of Cerebral Cortical Areas
... across the fetal cerebral wall from the beginning of corticogenesis but are most prominent during midgestation when many of them temporarily stop dividing (13). During the migratory period, cohorts of cells originating in individual proliferative units follow a radial pathway consisting of a single ...
... across the fetal cerebral wall from the beginning of corticogenesis but are most prominent during midgestation when many of them temporarily stop dividing (13). During the migratory period, cohorts of cells originating in individual proliferative units follow a radial pathway consisting of a single ...
Session 1 Introduction
... The uncus is better seen from the bottom of the brain. We can see the olfactory nerves lying on the orbital surface of the brain (so-called because it is above the eyeballs). The olfactory nerves are the only sensory nerves that go directly to the cortex without passing through the thalamus. They co ...
... The uncus is better seen from the bottom of the brain. We can see the olfactory nerves lying on the orbital surface of the brain (so-called because it is above the eyeballs). The olfactory nerves are the only sensory nerves that go directly to the cortex without passing through the thalamus. They co ...