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Rilpivirine: A second-generation nonnucleoside reverse
Rilpivirine: A second-generation nonnucleoside reverse

... copies/mL) in adults with HIV infection not previously treated with antiretroviral therapy.17 The rilpivirinetreated groups had a high virological response rate, a durable increase in CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, and fewer adverse effects than observed with efavirenz. However, virological failure, part ...
Antimicrobial Fundamental Concepts
Antimicrobial Fundamental Concepts

... Bacteriostatic activity refers to the inhibition of bacterial growth, while bactericidal activity refers to killing the bacteria. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) – The MIC is defined as the lowest concentration of antibiotic that completely inhibits growth of the specific organism being teste ...
Chapter 6: Mesoporous Silica: An Alternative Diffusion Controlled
Chapter 6: Mesoporous Silica: An Alternative Diffusion Controlled

... of dugs, such as anti-inflammatory agents, antibiotics, chemotherapeutic drugs, steroids, hormones and vaccines, to mention a few (5,6). The ability to control over the drug delivery can be an important factor especially at times when traditional oral or injectable drug formulations are difficult to ...
(SSRI) Drugs: More Risks Than Benefits?
(SSRI) Drugs: More Risks Than Benefits?

... improvements in depression in patients who initially have moderate or even severe depression. They show statistically significant but clinically minor effects only in the most severely depressed patients. Moreover, the significance of the effect probably is based on a decreased responsiveness to pla ...
single page dosing summary
single page dosing summary

... Always deliver half the medication dose up each nostril. This doubles the available mucosal surface area (over a single nostril) for drug absorption and increases rate and amount of absorption. ...
Narcotics and the Anesthetist: Professional Hazards
Narcotics and the Anesthetist: Professional Hazards

... United States for importation, manufacture and retail distribution. These particular functions are centered in the narcotics control section of the Home Office and are carried out by law enforcement officers. The Ministry of Health does conduct continuous monitoring of the prescribing of narcotics b ...
Regulating Identity: Medical Regulation as Social Control
Regulating Identity: Medical Regulation as Social Control

... bigotry. Responding to feelings of sadness or anger by taking antidepressants may reduce individuals’ motivation to address the life challenges and social injustices that sometimes underlie these emotions. These concerns are qualitatively different from the key aim that ostensibly animates the Unite ...
Pharmacy Law Review 2010
Pharmacy Law Review 2010

... The term ''new drug'' means (1) Any drug (except a new animal drug or an animal feed bearing or containing a new animal drug) the composition of which is such that such drug is not generally recognized, among experts qualified by scientific training and experience to evaluate the safety and effectiv ...
313-1A (1)
313-1A (1)

... angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist and potentially inhibits the Ang.II-induced pressor responses. Olmesartan Medoxomil was also shown to reduce blood pressure significantly more effectively than losartan and the ACE inhibitor captopril and as effectively as the β–blocker atenolol. ...
Basics in drug approval process with ref. to:
Basics in drug approval process with ref. to:

... and/or in-vitro evidence supporting bio-equivalence. These are designated AB. Drug product designated with code ‘A’ fall under the two main policies: 1) A therapeutically equivalent rating is assigned to pharmaceutically equivalent products so long as they are manufactured in accordance with Current ...
Interactions between five candidate genes and antihypertensive
Interactions between five candidate genes and antihypertensive

... Hypertension is an important public health problem. Evidence from randomized trials has shown that drug treatment reduces the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.1,2 Despite the availability of a variety of effective drugs, inadequate control of blood pressure is still common in hypertens ...
RisksofAnaesthesia2
RisksofAnaesthesia2

... Damage to teeth, lips or tongue Damage can be caused to your teeth, lips or tongue during ECT. It is important to inform the anaesthetist about dentures, crowns and any loose teeth. ...
Slides - Food and Drug Law Institute
Slides - Food and Drug Law Institute

... and REDUCE-IT trials, several cardiovascular outcomes studies had called into question whether a reduction in triglyceride levels would translate into a reduction in cardiovascular events. • Accordingly, FDA asked the Advisory Committee whether Vascepa®’s triglyceride lowering effect was sufficient ...
Drugs for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension – Project Protocol
Drugs for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension – Project Protocol

... jurisdictional clients. Policy questions will also feed deliberations of the CDEC members when they develop the therapeutic review recommendations. 1) How do new drugs for advanced therapy of PAH compare with currently available drugs? 2) How does (add-on) combination therapy compare with monotherap ...
Breaking News Extra - December 2014
Breaking News Extra - December 2014

... “neuroleptic equivalent” doses and still remain within BNF limits. It is doubtful if this gives any real therapeutic advantage but will certainly increase the side-effect burden. The second generation antipsychotic long-acting injections are considerably more expensive than first generation depots b ...
anticholinergic drugs
anticholinergic drugs

... urgency) and after urologic surgery (e.g, prostatectomy) and also reducing involuntary voiding in patients with neurological diseases oxybutynin is used. ...
DOXEPIN HCl Capsules Dear patient, Please read the following
DOXEPIN HCl Capsules Dear patient, Please read the following

... Dosage and duration of treatment are individualized and adjusted according to the condition under treatment and the response obtained. Usually, the dose may vary between 10 mg and 300 mg. In the treatment of depression, for most patients with illness of mild to moderate severity, the initial dose is ...
International Journal of Pharmacy
International Journal of Pharmacy

... evaluating the success of dosage form. This article gives a glance of all evaluation tests that can be done for various FDDS. Keywords: In-vitro tests, In-vivo tests, evaluation tests, floating systems, gastro retentive INTRODUCTION Among all the routes of administration, oral route is the most pref ...
pharmaceutical processing
pharmaceutical processing

... • Phytochemicals are classes of compounds that are only found in plants that do not also fall into the category of essential nutrients. – phytochemicals are compounds that we ingest when we eat plants, but they are the parts that aren’t absolutely needed by the body – in other words, they are not nu ...
Immunosuppressants analysis by means of HPLC
Immunosuppressants analysis by means of HPLC

... The results from both environmental and biological monitoring are then compared for example with the corresponding Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indexes (BEIs) developed by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists ...
RISPERIDONE BEHAVIOURAL SYMPTOMS IN DEMENTIA FOR
RISPERIDONE BEHAVIOURAL SYMPTOMS IN DEMENTIA FOR

... treatment of behavioural symptoms of dementia? It is important to realise that the treatment of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia with antipsychotic medications is considered a secondline treatment. Drugs should be used only after non-drug approaches have been exhausted. A variety o ...
Systemic Medication
Systemic Medication

... Second, the long-term oral use of prednisone or a similar drug, with an intermediate halflife and relatively weak steroid-receptor affinity, may reduce side effects. ...
The Organic Chemistry of Drug Design and Drug Action
The Organic Chemistry of Drug Design and Drug Action

... Has to be enteric coated to prevent hydrolysis in the stomach. ...
PRELIMINARY SCREENING AND DEVELOPMENT OF FORMULATION DESIGN SPACE FOR  Research Article
PRELIMINARY SCREENING AND DEVELOPMENT OF FORMULATION DESIGN SPACE FOR Research Article

... Jagadeesh Induru*, Afreen Firdous, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Bachupally, Hyderabad 500090, AP, India. *Email: [email protected] Received: 11 Oct 2011, Revised and Accepted: 6 Jan 2012 ABSTRACT The drugs which are susceptible to acid hydrolysis in the stomach or extensively metab ...
PowerPoint Chapter 5
PowerPoint Chapter 5

... Learning Objectives  Identify specific considerations in administering medications ...
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Pharmaceutical industry



The pharmaceutical industry develops, produces, and markets drugs or pharmaceuticals for use as medications. Pharmaceutical companies may deal in generic or brand medications and medical devices. They are subject to a variety of laws and regulations that govern the patenting, testing, safety, efficacy and marketing of drugs.
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