SO_cyprus_heart_pericardium_14-15_30
... Atrial muscle fibers: 2 layers (inner-each atrium, outer- two atria together) Ventricular muscle fibers- has complex structure, no distinct layers- vortex ...
... Atrial muscle fibers: 2 layers (inner-each atrium, outer- two atria together) Ventricular muscle fibers- has complex structure, no distinct layers- vortex ...
Left-Sided Heart Failure
... heart failure, oxygen may be delivered via nasal cannula. For more severe cases, arterial blood gas values guide oxygen delivery, either via masks that provide high concentrations of oxygen or with mechanical ventilation. Activity: Activity tolerance depends on the severity of heart failure signs an ...
... heart failure, oxygen may be delivered via nasal cannula. For more severe cases, arterial blood gas values guide oxygen delivery, either via masks that provide high concentrations of oxygen or with mechanical ventilation. Activity: Activity tolerance depends on the severity of heart failure signs an ...
Dilated Cardiomyopathy Explained - New
... There are many factors that must be considered before this question can be answered. The results of the tests are important, and the response that occurs within the first few days is another indicator. If response does not occur within a few hours to days, the prognosis is not good. However, most an ...
... There are many factors that must be considered before this question can be answered. The results of the tests are important, and the response that occurs within the first few days is another indicator. If response does not occur within a few hours to days, the prognosis is not good. However, most an ...
Connective Tissue Skeleton of the Human Heart
... envelops each individual myocyte and is connected to adjacent myocytes by lateral struts. Because this knowledge was obtained through studies on whole fixed myocardial tissue without removal of its nonfibrous elements, we attempted to dissolve the cellular elements and leave behind a noncollapsed ma ...
... envelops each individual myocyte and is connected to adjacent myocytes by lateral struts. Because this knowledge was obtained through studies on whole fixed myocardial tissue without removal of its nonfibrous elements, we attempted to dissolve the cellular elements and leave behind a noncollapsed ma ...
Chronic Heart Failure Vol 18 No 3 2012 (PDF
... increase with duration of treatment and are independent of age, sex and baseline use of diuretics, aspirin and β-blockers.24 They are reported to have a modest effect on LV remodelling. Therapy should be initiated at a low dose and slowly titrated upwards to optimal response. Anticipated side effec ...
... increase with duration of treatment and are independent of age, sex and baseline use of diuretics, aspirin and β-blockers.24 They are reported to have a modest effect on LV remodelling. Therapy should be initiated at a low dose and slowly titrated upwards to optimal response. Anticipated side effec ...
Chapter10_Detailed_Answers
... Depolarization and repolarization of non-pacemaker myocytes takes place over five phases with depolarization occurring during Phase 0. d: Palpitations are the most common symptom of cardiac dysrhythmias. They are an abnormal sensation felt with the heartbeat. People describe feeling their heart skip ...
... Depolarization and repolarization of non-pacemaker myocytes takes place over five phases with depolarization occurring during Phase 0. d: Palpitations are the most common symptom of cardiac dysrhythmias. They are an abnormal sensation felt with the heartbeat. People describe feeling their heart skip ...
Document
... Bradycardia—slow heart rate (under 60 beats/min) Tachycardia—rapid heart rate (over 100 beats/min) Sinus dysrhythmia—variation in heart rate during breathing cycle Premature contraction (extrasystole)—contraction that occurs sooner than expected in a normal rhythm Fibrillation—condition in which car ...
... Bradycardia—slow heart rate (under 60 beats/min) Tachycardia—rapid heart rate (over 100 beats/min) Sinus dysrhythmia—variation in heart rate during breathing cycle Premature contraction (extrasystole)—contraction that occurs sooner than expected in a normal rhythm Fibrillation—condition in which car ...
Reproducibility and Changes in Ejection Fraction (EF) Measured by
... Medical School, London 8W17 ORE, England The effects of intravenous flecainide (F) (2mg/kg over IOmin) on the time domain signal-averaged ECG (TdSAECG) and on the spectrotemporal mapping (STM) of SAECG were examined in 30 pts: 17 pts with documented sustained VT (10 postMl, 3 dilated cardiomyopathy, ...
... Medical School, London 8W17 ORE, England The effects of intravenous flecainide (F) (2mg/kg over IOmin) on the time domain signal-averaged ECG (TdSAECG) and on the spectrotemporal mapping (STM) of SAECG were examined in 30 pts: 17 pts with documented sustained VT (10 postMl, 3 dilated cardiomyopathy, ...
1 in 5 Canadians will develop heart failure
... The cost of managing moderate and severe heart failure patients in Canada amounts to $2.89 billion annually.6 Progression of symptoms can be slowed with appropriate medical therapy and lifestyle modifications, both of which can prolong and improve quality of life. There is a critical need for bette ...
... The cost of managing moderate and severe heart failure patients in Canada amounts to $2.89 billion annually.6 Progression of symptoms can be slowed with appropriate medical therapy and lifestyle modifications, both of which can prolong and improve quality of life. There is a critical need for bette ...
Effects of nebivolol in elderly heart failure patients with
... mortality and cardiovascular hospital admission in elderly patients with chronic heart failure and, importantly, that ejection fraction does not influence the clinical effects of nebivolol. An echocardiographic substudy was designed to evaluate the effects of nebivolol on systolic and diastolic left ...
... mortality and cardiovascular hospital admission in elderly patients with chronic heart failure and, importantly, that ejection fraction does not influence the clinical effects of nebivolol. An echocardiographic substudy was designed to evaluate the effects of nebivolol on systolic and diastolic left ...
Pharmacology of Antiarrhythmics and Vasoactive Substances
... maintained contraction (tetanus) Cardiac ...
... maintained contraction (tetanus) Cardiac ...
Improvement of Cardiac Performance by Intravenous Infusion of L
... In the present study, noninvasive methods were used to estimate the hemodynamic response and left ventricular performance during administration of c-arginine, the substrate of nitric oxide, to patients with moderate congestive heart failure. Infusion of 20 g of L-arginine at a steady rate over 1 h r ...
... In the present study, noninvasive methods were used to estimate the hemodynamic response and left ventricular performance during administration of c-arginine, the substrate of nitric oxide, to patients with moderate congestive heart failure. Infusion of 20 g of L-arginine at a steady rate over 1 h r ...
Pharmacology of Antiarrhythmics and Vasoactive Substances
... maintained contraction (tetanus) Cardiac ...
... maintained contraction (tetanus) Cardiac ...
Cardiology Booklet - Bon Secours Hospital
... The Intensive Care and Coronary Care unit is a nine-bedded combined unit, which applies the latest in equipment and techniques and provides the highest possible standards of care. The unit caters for a wide range of patients, including those who have undergone extensive general surgery and medical e ...
... The Intensive Care and Coronary Care unit is a nine-bedded combined unit, which applies the latest in equipment and techniques and provides the highest possible standards of care. The unit caters for a wide range of patients, including those who have undergone extensive general surgery and medical e ...
Document
... immobility of the fingers, causing the claw-like appearance seen here. In advanced cases, impairment of blood supply may lead to ulceration or autoamputation. ...
... immobility of the fingers, causing the claw-like appearance seen here. In advanced cases, impairment of blood supply may lead to ulceration or autoamputation. ...
Anaesthetic Management Of Delivery In Patients With Heart Disease
... • Ultra short acting potent intravenous opioid • Rapidly metabolised by mother and baby • Does not accumulate • Can be used when epidural contraindicated • But • Analgesia inferior to epidurals • Will not completely block sympathetic effects of labour ...
... • Ultra short acting potent intravenous opioid • Rapidly metabolised by mother and baby • Does not accumulate • Can be used when epidural contraindicated • But • Analgesia inferior to epidurals • Will not completely block sympathetic effects of labour ...
File
... efflux of Na+ causes A.P. to flatten out into plateau [extending refractory period/action potential] Phase 3: Rapid Repolarization: Plateau ends with Ca2+ channels close and K+ permeability increase; K+ channels are activated during depolarization but are slow to open; Once K+ channels open K+ efflu ...
... efflux of Na+ causes A.P. to flatten out into plateau [extending refractory period/action potential] Phase 3: Rapid Repolarization: Plateau ends with Ca2+ channels close and K+ permeability increase; K+ channels are activated during depolarization but are slow to open; Once K+ channels open K+ efflu ...
Clinical Implications of cTnI Elevation Curve following Primary
... myocardial infarction was found to be a reliable predictor for infarct size and post‐infarct complications and prognosis. We previously described the release kinetics of troponin after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), yet its possib ...
... myocardial infarction was found to be a reliable predictor for infarct size and post‐infarct complications and prognosis. We previously described the release kinetics of troponin after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), yet its possib ...
Adult Congenital Heart Disease
... discipline. The ability to make appropriate diagnostic and management decisions that have important consequences for patients will be assessed. The exam may require recognition of common as well as rare clinical problems for which patients may consult an adult congenital heart disease specialist. Ex ...
... discipline. The ability to make appropriate diagnostic and management decisions that have important consequences for patients will be assessed. The exam may require recognition of common as well as rare clinical problems for which patients may consult an adult congenital heart disease specialist. Ex ...
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSRJCE)
... Innovative PCG technique for Cardiac Spectral Analysis given before the filtering stage, the noise signals would also have been amplified, which would have led to further trouble! Also, a common emitter amplifier is to be designed with a gain of 100, which will have an adequate frequency response. ...
... Innovative PCG technique for Cardiac Spectral Analysis given before the filtering stage, the noise signals would also have been amplified, which would have led to further trouble! Also, a common emitter amplifier is to be designed with a gain of 100, which will have an adequate frequency response. ...
National Waiting Times Centre NHS Board
... clinical decision making. The four congenital cardiac surgeons working between the paediatric and adult units provide a comprehensive surgical service and combined working between the paediatric and adult congenital catheter interventionalists allows for complex intervention including percutaneous p ...
... clinical decision making. The four congenital cardiac surgeons working between the paediatric and adult units provide a comprehensive surgical service and combined working between the paediatric and adult congenital catheter interventionalists allows for complex intervention including percutaneous p ...
Enlarged Heart - The Bollinger Group
... The cardio-thoracic (CT) ratio as determined by chest Xray (CXR) is often used to report heart size. CT is the heart width divided by the width of the chest cavity. Normal CT ratio is under 50%. Echocardiogram, MUGA scan and ventriculogram are better than chest Xray for assessing heart size. When av ...
... The cardio-thoracic (CT) ratio as determined by chest Xray (CXR) is often used to report heart size. CT is the heart width divided by the width of the chest cavity. Normal CT ratio is under 50%. Echocardiogram, MUGA scan and ventriculogram are better than chest Xray for assessing heart size. When av ...
Neonatal Cardiac Arrhythmias
... INTRODUCTION: Identification and treatment of arrhythmias in newborns is challenging and differs from older children, and the natural history of arrhythmias presenting in the neonatal period is often dramatically different. METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY: For management of arrhythmias, ...
... INTRODUCTION: Identification and treatment of arrhythmias in newborns is challenging and differs from older children, and the natural history of arrhythmias presenting in the neonatal period is often dramatically different. METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY: For management of arrhythmias, ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.