CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIAS Pathophysiology
... Once the carbon dioxide and oxygen is exhaled, oxygen is inhaled and an exchange of gases or diffusion occurs at the millions of alveolar capillary membranes in the lungs. It is at this location that oxygen attaches to the hemoglobin receptor sites on the red blood cell. The oxygenated blood is carr ...
... Once the carbon dioxide and oxygen is exhaled, oxygen is inhaled and an exchange of gases or diffusion occurs at the millions of alveolar capillary membranes in the lungs. It is at this location that oxygen attaches to the hemoglobin receptor sites on the red blood cell. The oxygenated blood is carr ...
A Method for Determining Left Ventricular Mass in Man
... ventrictular weights is illustrated in figure 3. The left ventr-icular mass was calculated at each charnber- volume so that there were one to niine individual calculations of mass on the 23 postmortem hearts. In figure 3, each calculated mass value is indicated by a horizontal line and the individua ...
... ventrictular weights is illustrated in figure 3. The left ventr-icular mass was calculated at each charnber- volume so that there were one to niine individual calculations of mass on the 23 postmortem hearts. In figure 3, each calculated mass value is indicated by a horizontal line and the individua ...
Non-invasive measurement of chick embryo cardiac work
... occurred on the last day of embryonic development. To test the relations between the amplitude, frequency and weight of egg, coefficients of partial correlation were calculated. The calculated values evidence that in terms of linear relationship there are no significant correlations between the two ...
... occurred on the last day of embryonic development. To test the relations between the amplitude, frequency and weight of egg, coefficients of partial correlation were calculated. The calculated values evidence that in terms of linear relationship there are no significant correlations between the two ...
Long-term prognostic value of resting heart rate in
... consent and it was usually obtained before the initial index coronary angiogram. Baseline resting heart rate was obtained manually at enrolment with one radial pulse measurement during 60 s with the patient in the sitting position. The variables evaluated in CASS have been previously described in de ...
... consent and it was usually obtained before the initial index coronary angiogram. Baseline resting heart rate was obtained manually at enrolment with one radial pulse measurement during 60 s with the patient in the sitting position. The variables evaluated in CASS have been previously described in de ...
Consensus Statement on the Utilisation of Cardiac CT
... and 96%, respectively [13]. In addition, coronary CTA is able to display noncalcified plaque and vascular remodelling with good correlation with intravascular ultrasound [7]. The dataset obtained during the contrast enhanced coronary scans can also be processed to obtain functional information of th ...
... and 96%, respectively [13]. In addition, coronary CTA is able to display noncalcified plaque and vascular remodelling with good correlation with intravascular ultrasound [7]. The dataset obtained during the contrast enhanced coronary scans can also be processed to obtain functional information of th ...
HCM - cardiology zagazig university
... physical conditioning, has been a topic of medical and scientific interest since a century ago, when Henschen, a Swedish clinician, noted in 1899 ,a heart enlargement in "cross-country" skiers, using heart percussion and becoming the first researcher in describing the "athlete's heart". ...
... physical conditioning, has been a topic of medical and scientific interest since a century ago, when Henschen, a Swedish clinician, noted in 1899 ,a heart enlargement in "cross-country" skiers, using heart percussion and becoming the first researcher in describing the "athlete's heart". ...
ESC Guidelines on Acute Heart Failure ehi117 1..36 2005
... opinion about the usefulness/efficacy of the treatment Class IIa Weight of evidence/opinion is in favour of usefulness/efficacy Class IIb Usefulness/efficacy is less well established by evidence/opinion Class III Evidence or general agreement that the treatment is not useful/effective and in some c ...
... opinion about the usefulness/efficacy of the treatment Class IIa Weight of evidence/opinion is in favour of usefulness/efficacy Class IIb Usefulness/efficacy is less well established by evidence/opinion Class III Evidence or general agreement that the treatment is not useful/effective and in some c ...
Successful catheter ablation of ventricular
... Ventricular tachycardia (VT) may cause sudden death late after repair of congenital heart disease. Radiofrequency catheter ablation (CA) of VT can be effective but may be hampered by hypertrophied myocardium or prosthetic material. A 33-year-old man with congenitally corrected transposition of the g ...
... Ventricular tachycardia (VT) may cause sudden death late after repair of congenital heart disease. Radiofrequency catheter ablation (CA) of VT can be effective but may be hampered by hypertrophied myocardium or prosthetic material. A 33-year-old man with congenitally corrected transposition of the g ...
UKRAINIAN MINISTRY OF HEALTH CARE
... pressure. Usually this requires three separate measurements at least one week apart. Exceptionally, if the elevation is extreme, or end-organ damage is present then the diagnosis may be applied and treatment commenced immediately. Obtaining reliable blood pressure measurements relies on following se ...
... pressure. Usually this requires three separate measurements at least one week apart. Exceptionally, if the elevation is extreme, or end-organ damage is present then the diagnosis may be applied and treatment commenced immediately. Obtaining reliable blood pressure measurements relies on following se ...
Laminar Arrangement of Ventricular Myocytes Influences Electrical
... To relate the voltage maps recorded experimentally to the underlying tissue microstructure, each voltage field was simulated by solving a Poisson equation on the geometry and tissue architecture reconstructed in-silico for that particular experiment.18,28 The current flux model incorporated adjustab ...
... To relate the voltage maps recorded experimentally to the underlying tissue microstructure, each voltage field was simulated by solving a Poisson equation on the geometry and tissue architecture reconstructed in-silico for that particular experiment.18,28 The current flux model incorporated adjustab ...
Resting Heart Rate Is a Risk Factor for Mortality in Chronic
... central to symptom management in COPD, their use could be an additional explanation of the increased heart rate found in COPD patients as compared to an age-matched population at large. Traditionally, b-blockers, having an opposite effect to b2agonists, have been considered contra-indicated in patie ...
... central to symptom management in COPD, their use could be an additional explanation of the increased heart rate found in COPD patients as compared to an age-matched population at large. Traditionally, b-blockers, having an opposite effect to b2agonists, have been considered contra-indicated in patie ...
Patent Ductus Arteriosus - Association of Surgical Technologists
... produce symptoms of left-sided heart failure or severe congestive heart failure during the first year of life. These symptoms are frequently precipitated by respiratory infections. As the child grows, the presence or absence of a murmur depends on the pressure relationship between the aorta arid the ...
... produce symptoms of left-sided heart failure or severe congestive heart failure during the first year of life. These symptoms are frequently precipitated by respiratory infections. As the child grows, the presence or absence of a murmur depends on the pressure relationship between the aorta arid the ...
a pdf
... U waves – small extra waves following T waves – are seen in hypokalemic patients, but can also represent a normal variant. Ventricular extrasystoles – no P waves, broad and abnormal QRS complexes, and T waves interspersed between normal sinus rhythm – sometimes occur and do not require further inves ...
... U waves – small extra waves following T waves – are seen in hypokalemic patients, but can also represent a normal variant. Ventricular extrasystoles – no P waves, broad and abnormal QRS complexes, and T waves interspersed between normal sinus rhythm – sometimes occur and do not require further inves ...
Surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysm of the interventricular
... DAIS differs from aortic root abscess both in clinical manifestation and in pathological changes. Patients with aortic root abscess often have signs and symptoms of infection over a long period of time. Even when the infection is controlled and the pus absorbed, the cystic wall becomes thickened and ...
... DAIS differs from aortic root abscess both in clinical manifestation and in pathological changes. Patients with aortic root abscess often have signs and symptoms of infection over a long period of time. Even when the infection is controlled and the pus absorbed, the cystic wall becomes thickened and ...
042601 Cardiac Resuscitation
... tion to the identification and treatment of reversible causes (Table 4), should include confirmation of asystole through a check of the rhythm in more than one lead and with the gain maximized on the cardiac monitor. Immediate transcutaneous pacing may be tried, but its likelihood of success is extr ...
... tion to the identification and treatment of reversible causes (Table 4), should include confirmation of asystole through a check of the rhythm in more than one lead and with the gain maximized on the cardiac monitor. Immediate transcutaneous pacing may be tried, but its likelihood of success is extr ...
Diastolic Heart Failure: A Concise Review
... practice worldwide, its existence has been questioned for several reasons [6-8]. Firstly, investigators have questioned whether these patients truly have heart failure or if they actually have conditions such as obesity or pulmonary disease that can mimic heart failure [9]. In a study of a direct ac ...
... practice worldwide, its existence has been questioned for several reasons [6-8]. Firstly, investigators have questioned whether these patients truly have heart failure or if they actually have conditions such as obesity or pulmonary disease that can mimic heart failure [9]. In a study of a direct ac ...
The hybrid perventricular closure of apical muscular ventricular
... especially for small patients with associated cardiac problems. The surgical repair of multiple MVSDs is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity1,2). The surgical approach from the right side of the heart doesn’t allow for adequate visualization, and this is related with significant r ...
... especially for small patients with associated cardiac problems. The surgical repair of multiple MVSDs is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity1,2). The surgical approach from the right side of the heart doesn’t allow for adequate visualization, and this is related with significant r ...
Electrocardiographic changes in acute tricyclic
... varies according to the pharmacological characteristics of each one. In relation to amitriptyline, low dose of 50 mg may be associated with moderate toxicity and severe toxicity at dose above 300 mg, ranging from 150 mg to 10 g.4 The minimum acute toxic dose of amitriptyline and imipramine in childr ...
... varies according to the pharmacological characteristics of each one. In relation to amitriptyline, low dose of 50 mg may be associated with moderate toxicity and severe toxicity at dose above 300 mg, ranging from 150 mg to 10 g.4 The minimum acute toxic dose of amitriptyline and imipramine in childr ...
a fixed-rate rechargeable cardiac pacemaker
... is deprived of the benefit of an implanted pacemaker during this period. Many patients abhor the thought of such recurring operations. (It is often noted that many cardiac patients are more fearful of surgical procedures than people with normal heart function.) Some patients have refused the benefit ...
... is deprived of the benefit of an implanted pacemaker during this period. Many patients abhor the thought of such recurring operations. (It is often noted that many cardiac patients are more fearful of surgical procedures than people with normal heart function.) Some patients have refused the benefit ...
the Frank-Starling Mechanism
... volume of the heart is associated with an improvement in cardiac contractility.12 In numerous studies using isolated cardiac muscle preparations of animals, the developed tension was found to increase in parallel with an increase in muscle length.3 However, there is evidence that the failing left ve ...
... volume of the heart is associated with an improvement in cardiac contractility.12 In numerous studies using isolated cardiac muscle preparations of animals, the developed tension was found to increase in parallel with an increase in muscle length.3 However, there is evidence that the failing left ve ...
21. Coronary artery Disease
... rest and mixed types are not uncommon (6). The course in people with stable angina has improved with the introduction of effective treatment options, such as anti-ischaemic, antithrombotic, antihypertensive and blood lipid-lowering drugs, as well as surgical and catheter-based coronary artery interv ...
... rest and mixed types are not uncommon (6). The course in people with stable angina has improved with the introduction of effective treatment options, such as anti-ischaemic, antithrombotic, antihypertensive and blood lipid-lowering drugs, as well as surgical and catheter-based coronary artery interv ...
PDF - Romanian Journal of Cardiology
... that these interventions are performed by operators and teams with a large expertise in the evaluation and treatment of patients with HCM2,12. Despite these recommendations, the selection of patients for these two invasive interventions has varied substantially in different geographical areas. In th ...
... that these interventions are performed by operators and teams with a large expertise in the evaluation and treatment of patients with HCM2,12. Despite these recommendations, the selection of patients for these two invasive interventions has varied substantially in different geographical areas. In th ...
Essential tools for diagnosis of feline heart disease and heart failure
... This nebulous category consists of cats with left atrial enlargement +/- right atrial enlargement in the absence of significant concentric hypertrophy and normal to only mildly reduced systolic function. Significant valvular insufficiency must be ruled out, which may be difficult given the high hear ...
... This nebulous category consists of cats with left atrial enlargement +/- right atrial enlargement in the absence of significant concentric hypertrophy and normal to only mildly reduced systolic function. Significant valvular insufficiency must be ruled out, which may be difficult given the high hear ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.