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the heart <3
the heart <3

... about 5 liters (5.3qt) of blood. ♦ The blood makes up about onethirteenth of the body’s weight. ♦ The adult heart weighs about 280 grams (10 oz.) ♦ At rest, the heart pumps out about 80 millimeters (2.6 oz) of blood with each beat. ♦ The heart beats, on average, 70 times each minute at rest. ♦ This ...
cardiomyopathies
cardiomyopathies

... worsens during childhood. LV cavity small, systolic function normal or hyperdynamic early on. Diastolic dysfunction common Obstructive and non-obstructive forms ...
aortic valve opens.
aortic valve opens.

... Aortic pressure decreases toward the end of the ejection phase. After the aortic valve closes, an incisura occurs because of sudden cessation of back-flow toward left ventricle. Aortic pressure decreases slowly during diastole because of the elasticity of the aorta. ...
Slide ()
Slide ()

... Hemodynamic responses to pharmacologic interventions in heart failure. The relationships between diastolic filling pressure (preload) and stroke volume (ventricular performance) are illustrated for a normal heart (green line; the Frank-Starling relationship) and for a patient with heart failure due ...
Brain and CranialNerves
Brain and CranialNerves

... Aortic pressure decreases toward the end of the ejection phase. After the aortic valve closes, an incisura occurs because of sudden cessation of back-flow toward left ventricle. Aortic pressure decreases slowly during diastole because of the elasticity of the aorta. ...
Structure of the Heart
Structure of the Heart

... Blood ion levels (potassium & calcium) ...
HEART FUNCTION AND HEART SOUNDS
HEART FUNCTION AND HEART SOUNDS

... • As the vein is carrying the deoxygenated blood it enters the right atrium where it contracts and opens the tricuspid valve leading to the right ventricle, the right ventricle contracts which leads to the opening of pulmonic valve, blood goes thru the pulmonic valve and enters the pulmonary artery. ...
ALA-Reader - Personal.psu.edu
ALA-Reader - Personal.psu.edu

... Arteries are used to carry oxygen rich blood throughout the body, while veins are used to carry oxygen deficient blood to the heart. The heart is one of the most complex organs in the body. One of its primary jobs is to oxygenate blood for the body. Here is how it works. As stated earlier, veins car ...
The Circulatory System
The Circulatory System

... Blood Pressure force that blood exerts on the arteries when the heart contracts ...
HISTORY TAKING AND EXAMINING THE GERIATRIC PATIENT
HISTORY TAKING AND EXAMINING THE GERIATRIC PATIENT

... Diastolic dysfunction — Diastolic dysfunction can be induced by many of the same conditions that lead to systolic dysfunction. The most common causes are hypertension, ischemic heart disease, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, and restrictive cardiomyopathy. ...
Cardiovascular System Powerpoint
Cardiovascular System Powerpoint

... Epicardium: serous membrane on outer surface of the heart Myocardium: muscle of the heart Endocardium: membrane lining the interior of the heart Chordae tendonae: “heart strings” that guide the atrioventricular valves. • Papillary muscle: small muscles that anchor the chordae tendonae to the ventric ...
Atrioventricular Septal Defect
Atrioventricular Septal Defect

... Rajput et al. Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2014; Chrysostomou et al. Anesth Analg 2008; Munoz et al. Anesth Analg 2008 ...
Cardiac pathologies
Cardiac pathologies

... • Before the baby is breathing on it’s own, this little hole allows the blood from the right side of the heart to go directly to the left side without having to go to the lungs. • If it does not close after the baby is born, it can cause some heart failure because the heart is pumping too hard to ge ...
[Recovered] @2 (vishdess1-PC`s conflicted copy
[Recovered] @2 (vishdess1-PC`s conflicted copy

... turbulent. Heard during ejection (systolic murmur) as ejection waxes and wanes (a crescendo – decrescendo murmur). Loudest over aortic area Aortic stenosis murmur ...
Chapter 20 - Circulatory
Chapter 20 - Circulatory

... Internally the RV exhibits muscular ridges (trabeculae carneae) and papillary muscles with chordae tendonae that anchor the tricuspid valve. The chordae tendonae prevent the valve from flopping (prolapsing) back into the right atrium when RV pumps and assures a one way flow of the blood. Pumps blood ...
ventricular septal defect (VSD)
ventricular septal defect (VSD)

... He is a known hypertensive for the past 12 years and a chronic smoker (40 pack years). The night of his death, while eating and drinking heavily with some friends, he complained of heaviness of the chest and collapsed. He was rushed to a nearby hospital, where despite resuscitation (with defibrillat ...
Heart Dissection Lab - Science-with
Heart Dissection Lab - Science-with

... 6. In the living body, one ventricle contains oxygenated blood (with high oxygen content) and the other contains deoxygenated blood (with low oxygen content). Based on the direction of flow to and from the heart: Which ventricle contains oxygenated blood? ___________ Which ventricle contains deoxyge ...
CH12
CH12

... Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
Mitral Valve Repair Results in Better Right Ventricular Remodelling
Mitral Valve Repair Results in Better Right Ventricular Remodelling

... Introduction: Right ventricular (RV) remodelling may be an important determinant of clinical outcome in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery for mitral regurgitation. In the present study we hypothesised that, compared to valve replacement, mitral valve repair for degenerative mitral regurgitati ...
Anaesthetic management of patient with mitral valve prolapse and
Anaesthetic management of patient with mitral valve prolapse and

... These patients may be on beta blockers and antidysrhythmic drugs, which should be continued through the perioperative period. Optimization of electrolytes preoperatively seems prudent to minimize the risk of intraoperative cardiac dysrhythmias. Premedication should produce anxiolysis without causing ...
Unit Four (4.1.1) ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What are the structures
Unit Four (4.1.1) ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What are the structures

... A vein that is the largest vein in the human body and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from bodily parts below the diaphragm. A valve in the heart that guards the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle; prevents the blood in the ventricle from returning to the atrium. A ...
The clinical challenge of concomitant aortic and mitral valve stenosis
The clinical challenge of concomitant aortic and mitral valve stenosis

... concomitant MS. Rapid relief of the mitral obstacle following balloon dilatation or surgery will abruptly increase preload which may eventually lead to acute left ventricular failure and “flash” pulmonary oedema. Left ventricular abnormal relaxation resulting from AS can increase mitral E wave half- ...
Valvular Heart Disease
Valvular Heart Disease

... Most commonly affects women 10% of cases - healthy young women many thin some with minor chest wall deformities ...
Right Heart Failure in Cardiac Surgical Patients
Right Heart Failure in Cardiac Surgical Patients

... lung disease, pulmonary hypertension, and associated with congenital heart disease. Acute right heart failure can be seen in ischemic heart disease, pulmonary embolism, and more relevant to the cardiac anesthesiologist following cardiopulmonary bypass from poor myocardial protection, surgical compli ...
Valvular Heart Disease in Dogs
Valvular Heart Disease in Dogs

... dysfunction and myocardial failure, which can be manifest by increasing LV end systolic volume or decreasing fractional shortening. Chronic left heart failure leads to pulmonary hypertension, posing added strain to the right heart and contributing to signs of right-sided CHF in dogs with concurrent ...
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Mitral insufficiency



Mitral insufficiency (MI), mitral regurgitation or mitral incompetence is a disorder of the heart in which the mitral valve does not close properly when the heart pumps out blood. It is the abnormal leaking of blood backwards from the left ventricle, through the mitral valve, into the left atrium, when the left ventricle contracts, i.e. there is regurgitation of blood back into the left atrium. MI is the most common form of valvular heart disease.
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