NETMORPH: A Framework for the Stochastic
... dynamic behavior of growth cones—specialized structures at the ends of outgrowing neurites that mediate neurite elongation and branching (Letourneau et al. 1991). Synapses can occur where axonal and dendritic branches of different neurons come sufficiently close to each other (Braitenberg and Schütz ...
... dynamic behavior of growth cones—specialized structures at the ends of outgrowing neurites that mediate neurite elongation and branching (Letourneau et al. 1991). Synapses can occur where axonal and dendritic branches of different neurons come sufficiently close to each other (Braitenberg and Schütz ...
Desired EEG Signals For Detecting Brain Tumor Using Indu Sekhar Samant
... When the net is operating, the activations of non-input neurons are computing using each neuron's activation function. The hidden layer has a tan sigmoid (tansig) activation function, and the output layer, has a linear activation function. Therefore, the first layer restricts the output to a finer r ...
... When the net is operating, the activations of non-input neurons are computing using each neuron's activation function. The hidden layer has a tan sigmoid (tansig) activation function, and the output layer, has a linear activation function. Therefore, the first layer restricts the output to a finer r ...
Trial and Error – Optogenetic techniques offer insight into the
... that dopamine neurons use simple subtraction (9) [see the figure (B)]. Although this arithmetic is assumed in computational models, it is remarkably rare in the brain; division is much more common, as exemplified by gain control in sensory systems. However, subtraction is an ideal calculation becaus ...
... that dopamine neurons use simple subtraction (9) [see the figure (B)]. Although this arithmetic is assumed in computational models, it is remarkably rare in the brain; division is much more common, as exemplified by gain control in sensory systems. However, subtraction is an ideal calculation becaus ...
Changes in Prefrontal Neuronal Activity after
... the prefrontal cortex after training to perform working memory (Hempel et al. 2004; Olesen et al. 2004; Moore et al. 2006; Dahlin et al. 2008; McNab et al. 2009) and other cognitive tasks (Fletcher et al. 1999; Nyberg et al. 2003). However, several studies have also revealed decreased BOLD activatio ...
... the prefrontal cortex after training to perform working memory (Hempel et al. 2004; Olesen et al. 2004; Moore et al. 2006; Dahlin et al. 2008; McNab et al. 2009) and other cognitive tasks (Fletcher et al. 1999; Nyberg et al. 2003). However, several studies have also revealed decreased BOLD activatio ...
Rules relating connections to cortical structure in primate prefrontal cortex H. Barbas
... The quantitative approaches to cortical architecture provided key insights into factors that de4ne cortical structure, which may justify the use of similar approaches to cortical mapping. Further, 4ndings based on quantitative approaches that combine structural features and connections are likely to ...
... The quantitative approaches to cortical architecture provided key insights into factors that de4ne cortical structure, which may justify the use of similar approaches to cortical mapping. Further, 4ndings based on quantitative approaches that combine structural features and connections are likely to ...
PDF file
... that the brain is not a cascade of brain areas, but a complex network of areas. Between any two connected areas, the connections are universally bi-directional, i.e., two unidirectional bundles, with few exceptions (e.g., there is no top-down connections from LGN to the retina in primates but not so ...
... that the brain is not a cascade of brain areas, but a complex network of areas. Between any two connected areas, the connections are universally bi-directional, i.e., two unidirectional bundles, with few exceptions (e.g., there is no top-down connections from LGN to the retina in primates but not so ...
Optogenetics in a transparent animal: circuit function in the larval
... the Tet activator (elavl3 (HuC) and Dlx4/6 were used in this study). This system has the additional feature that expression can be regulated pharmacologically by administering doxycycline. Larvae expressing ChR2 under Tet control were stimulated with blue light [35], which evoked distinct swimming b ...
... the Tet activator (elavl3 (HuC) and Dlx4/6 were used in this study). This system has the additional feature that expression can be regulated pharmacologically by administering doxycycline. Larvae expressing ChR2 under Tet control were stimulated with blue light [35], which evoked distinct swimming b ...
Spike-Timing-Dependent Hebbian Plasticity as
... The simplest example of a TD learning rule arises in the problem of predicting a scalar quantity z using a neuron with synaptic weights w(1), . . . , w(k) (represented as a vector w ). The neuron receives as presynaptic input the sequence of vectors x 1 , . . . , xP m . The output of the neuron at t ...
... The simplest example of a TD learning rule arises in the problem of predicting a scalar quantity z using a neuron with synaptic weights w(1), . . . , w(k) (represented as a vector w ). The neuron receives as presynaptic input the sequence of vectors x 1 , . . . , xP m . The output of the neuron at t ...
Reservoir properties from well logs using neural networks
... wireline and measurement while drilling (MWD) logs. The method is much more robust and accurate than a single network and the multiple linear regression method. The basic unit of a committee machine is a multilayer perceptron network (MLP) whose optimum architecture and size of training dataset has ...
... wireline and measurement while drilling (MWD) logs. The method is much more robust and accurate than a single network and the multiple linear regression method. The basic unit of a committee machine is a multilayer perceptron network (MLP) whose optimum architecture and size of training dataset has ...
Attractor concretion as a mechanism for the formation of context
... hence has a positive value, and the other that predicts punishment and has a negative value. The delivery of reward or punishment resets the AN to the wait state. The AN encodes the CS–US associations by making CS triggered transitions to the state that represents the value of the predicted US. The ...
... hence has a positive value, and the other that predicts punishment and has a negative value. The delivery of reward or punishment resets the AN to the wait state. The AN encodes the CS–US associations by making CS triggered transitions to the state that represents the value of the predicted US. The ...
PDF - Center for Neural Science
... et al., 2003; Tegnér et al., 2002; Wang, 1999). The same destabilization problem is present if negative feedback is instantiated by spike-frequency adaptation (McCormick, Connors, Lighthall, & Prince, 1985) or short-term synaptic depression (Abbott & Regehr, 2004; Markram, Wang, & Tsodyks, 1998). Su ...
... et al., 2003; Tegnér et al., 2002; Wang, 1999). The same destabilization problem is present if negative feedback is instantiated by spike-frequency adaptation (McCormick, Connors, Lighthall, & Prince, 1985) or short-term synaptic depression (Abbott & Regehr, 2004; Markram, Wang, & Tsodyks, 1998). Su ...
Neural Correlates of Learning in the Prefrontal Cortex of the Monkey
... In agreement with experimental data, two main types of activity contribute to the adaptive properties of the network. The first is transient activity time-locked to events of the task and its profile remains constant during successive training stages. The second is sustained activity that undergoes ...
... In agreement with experimental data, two main types of activity contribute to the adaptive properties of the network. The first is transient activity time-locked to events of the task and its profile remains constant during successive training stages. The second is sustained activity that undergoes ...
Click Here For
... To understand the applications of AI namely, Game Playing, Theorem Proving, Expert Systems, Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing Learning Outcome: Possess the ability to formulate an efficient problem space for a problem expressed in English Possess the ability to select a se ...
... To understand the applications of AI namely, Game Playing, Theorem Proving, Expert Systems, Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing Learning Outcome: Possess the ability to formulate an efficient problem space for a problem expressed in English Possess the ability to select a se ...
A Biologically Inspired Visuo-Motor Control Model based on a Deflationary
... actions, is a deflationary, intentionality-free interpretation Especially congenial to our proposed interpretation is Gallese’s hypothesis on the possible evolution of MSys from an ancient mechanism devoted to the improvement of action control (Gallese V., Goldman A. 1998). We conceive of the MSys o ...
... actions, is a deflationary, intentionality-free interpretation Especially congenial to our proposed interpretation is Gallese’s hypothesis on the possible evolution of MSys from an ancient mechanism devoted to the improvement of action control (Gallese V., Goldman A. 1998). We conceive of the MSys o ...
Millisecond-Timescale Optical Control of Neural Dynamics in the
... generation of ultraprecise neurological and psychiatric therapeutics via cell-type-specific optical neural control prosthetics. INTRODUCTION The rhesus macaque is an important model species for understanding neural computation, cognition, and behavior, as well as for probing the circuit-level basis ...
... generation of ultraprecise neurological and psychiatric therapeutics via cell-type-specific optical neural control prosthetics. INTRODUCTION The rhesus macaque is an important model species for understanding neural computation, cognition, and behavior, as well as for probing the circuit-level basis ...
What insights can fMRI offer into the structure and function of mid-tier visual areas?
... The need to rely on multiple sources of information to interpret fMRI (or any other neuronal or imaging) data is reflected in a recent growth of interest in encoding models. Encoding models represent an approach to data analysis similar to that previously discussed in Brouwer and Heeger (2011): a pr ...
... The need to rely on multiple sources of information to interpret fMRI (or any other neuronal or imaging) data is reflected in a recent growth of interest in encoding models. Encoding models represent an approach to data analysis similar to that previously discussed in Brouwer and Heeger (2011): a pr ...
Decoding Motor Commands in Cortico-Basal Ganglia Circuits for the
... The BehaviourGUI toolbox allows data to be synchronised so several data sets (such as a video recording and computed velocity) easily can be analysed simultaneously. This is of great help when trying to find when the rat is moving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A perievent time his ...
... The BehaviourGUI toolbox allows data to be synchronised so several data sets (such as a video recording and computed velocity) easily can be analysed simultaneously. This is of great help when trying to find when the rat is moving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A perievent time his ...
Bayesian Retrieval In Associative Memories With Storage Errors
... between the number of stored pattern components and the number of required synapses . However, this patternsper-neuron ratio (sometimes called the critical capacity) does not allow a fair evaluation for sparse training patterns, each of which contains far fewer bits of information than its number of ...
... between the number of stored pattern components and the number of required synapses . However, this patternsper-neuron ratio (sometimes called the critical capacity) does not allow a fair evaluation for sparse training patterns, each of which contains far fewer bits of information than its number of ...
Organization of Cortical and Thalamic Input to Pyramidal Neurons in
... For anatomical experiments, we quantified the fluorescence in given target regions (see Fig. 11) and corrected for background. Because background fluorescence varied with anatomical structures, the cutoff for background value used was the mode value of the fluorescence histogram for that anatomical ...
... For anatomical experiments, we quantified the fluorescence in given target regions (see Fig. 11) and corrected for background. Because background fluorescence varied with anatomical structures, the cutoff for background value used was the mode value of the fluorescence histogram for that anatomical ...
Composite Social Network for Predicting Mobile Apps Installation
... In this section, we describe our novel model for capturing Our software is able to capture all call logs in the exthe app installation behaviors in networks. In the following periment period. We therefore obtained a call log network content, G denotes the adjacency matrix for graph G. Each between a ...
... In this section, we describe our novel model for capturing Our software is able to capture all call logs in the exthe app installation behaviors in networks. In the following periment period. We therefore obtained a call log network content, G denotes the adjacency matrix for graph G. Each between a ...
Estimating Fast Neural Input Using Anatomical and
... the signal measurement but they also differ in the type of signal being measured. For example, unselective recording of all neurons in the source population encompasses more indirect pathways to the target population than if one selectively record from the neurons that project to the target populati ...
... the signal measurement but they also differ in the type of signal being measured. For example, unselective recording of all neurons in the source population encompasses more indirect pathways to the target population than if one selectively record from the neurons that project to the target populati ...
Development and function of human cerebral cortex neural networks
... inhibition playing an important modulatory role. A number of other neurotransmitters are important for cortical function, including serotonin, acetylcholine and dopamine (McCormick, 1992). RT-PCR was used to determine which glutamate neurotransmitter receptors were expressed in stem cell-derived cor ...
... inhibition playing an important modulatory role. A number of other neurotransmitters are important for cortical function, including serotonin, acetylcholine and dopamine (McCormick, 1992). RT-PCR was used to determine which glutamate neurotransmitter receptors were expressed in stem cell-derived cor ...
Multiplicative Gain Changes Are Induced by Excitation or Inhibition
... voltage-dependent increase of the NMDA conductance. However, when we simulated the iontophoresis of AMPA by opening a constant 1.0 nS AMPA conductance, we observed a similar increase in firing rates. The maximum firing rate increased to 48 Hz, and the firing rate at C ⫽ 0.0 increased to 0.81 Hz. The ...
... voltage-dependent increase of the NMDA conductance. However, when we simulated the iontophoresis of AMPA by opening a constant 1.0 nS AMPA conductance, we observed a similar increase in firing rates. The maximum firing rate increased to 48 Hz, and the firing rate at C ⫽ 0.0 increased to 0.81 Hz. The ...
Computational Psychiatry Seminar: Spring 2014 Week 11: The
... informed that his or her correct response on the previous trial was not correct. ...
... informed that his or her correct response on the previous trial was not correct. ...
Emergence of Mirror Neurons in a Model of Gaze Following
... system of mirror neurons in humans. What is currently unclear, however, is how mirror neurons arrive at their specific response properties. We find it very unlikely that a sophisticated mirror system could be innate, in the sense of a detailed pre-specified connection pattern for every neuron. Rath ...
... system of mirror neurons in humans. What is currently unclear, however, is how mirror neurons arrive at their specific response properties. We find it very unlikely that a sophisticated mirror system could be innate, in the sense of a detailed pre-specified connection pattern for every neuron. Rath ...