Sten Grillner
... intact animals or the need to use animals under anesthesia. We then could show that subthreshold activation of MLR indeed released reflex discharges similar to that of DOPA and a suppression of other shortlatency responses. We then suggested that the MLR indeed caused locomotion by releasing the spi ...
... intact animals or the need to use animals under anesthesia. We then could show that subthreshold activation of MLR indeed released reflex discharges similar to that of DOPA and a suppression of other shortlatency responses. We then suggested that the MLR indeed caused locomotion by releasing the spi ...
Human Facial Expression Recognition using Gabor
... Dahmane M. et al. (2011) developed a system to implement the general expression model (even when a person poses at different time). They used Histrograms of oriented gradients (HOG) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The baseline method was used. HOG is used to extract the appearance feature by gradi ...
... Dahmane M. et al. (2011) developed a system to implement the general expression model (even when a person poses at different time). They used Histrograms of oriented gradients (HOG) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The baseline method was used. HOG is used to extract the appearance feature by gradi ...
Visuomotor development
... Secondly, recruitment of neural populations from these areas for computation of motor commands involves both serial and parallel mechanisms (Caminiti et al., 1996; MacKay, 1996). Thirdly, the parieto–frontal network has a gradient architecture which favors the link of sensory and motor signals into ...
... Secondly, recruitment of neural populations from these areas for computation of motor commands involves both serial and parallel mechanisms (Caminiti et al., 1996; MacKay, 1996). Thirdly, the parieto–frontal network has a gradient architecture which favors the link of sensory and motor signals into ...
Feedforward, horizontal, and feedback processing
... right eye-column to right eye-column) predominates, but interactions between functionally different regions do take place [13]. A well established property of horizontal fibers is that they interconnect cells with similar orientation preferences [4,5,14]. It has recently been shown that these connec ...
... right eye-column to right eye-column) predominates, but interactions between functionally different regions do take place [13]. A well established property of horizontal fibers is that they interconnect cells with similar orientation preferences [4,5,14]. It has recently been shown that these connec ...
BACOFUN_2016 Meeting Booklet - Barrel Cortex Function 2016
... Vibrissal somatosensory cortex (vS1) and vibrissal motor cortex (vM1) are the two key structures involved in somatosensation in rodents. Although we know the vertical and horizontal organizational principles of vS1, very little is known about the organizational principles of vM1 at single cell level ...
... Vibrissal somatosensory cortex (vS1) and vibrissal motor cortex (vM1) are the two key structures involved in somatosensation in rodents. Although we know the vertical and horizontal organizational principles of vS1, very little is known about the organizational principles of vM1 at single cell level ...
Activity 1 - Web Adventures
... One student found himself/herself out on the court in the final seconds of the game. His/her team was behind by one point. They needed a basket to win. Suddenly the student found that the basketball had somehow ended up in his/her hands. The whole world went into slow motion. Despite what some might ...
... One student found himself/herself out on the court in the final seconds of the game. His/her team was behind by one point. They needed a basket to win. Suddenly the student found that the basketball had somehow ended up in his/her hands. The whole world went into slow motion. Despite what some might ...
Stochastic dynamics as a principle of brain function
... spiking noise. We show that the spiking noise is a significant contribution to the outcome that is reached, in that this noise is a factor in a network with a finite (i.e., limited) number of neurons. The spiking noise can be described as introducing statistical fluctuations into the finite-size system. ...
... spiking noise. We show that the spiking noise is a significant contribution to the outcome that is reached, in that this noise is a factor in a network with a finite (i.e., limited) number of neurons. The spiking noise can be described as introducing statistical fluctuations into the finite-size system. ...
Neurophysiological investigation of the basis of the fMRI signal
... responses were the only signal that signi®cantly correlated with the haemodynamic response. Linear systems analysis on a trialby-trial basis showed that the impulse response of the neurovascular system is both animal- and site-speci®c, and that LFPs yield a better estimate of BOLD responses than the ...
... responses were the only signal that signi®cantly correlated with the haemodynamic response. Linear systems analysis on a trialby-trial basis showed that the impulse response of the neurovascular system is both animal- and site-speci®c, and that LFPs yield a better estimate of BOLD responses than the ...
Imitating others by composition of primitive actions: a neuro
... realized by continuous time recurrent neural network model (CTRNN) [18, 19]. The output of a corresponding local network can be selected externally among others, for example, by utilizing a winner-take-all dynamics (WTA) type gating mechanism [20, 21]. On the other hand in the distributed representa ...
... realized by continuous time recurrent neural network model (CTRNN) [18, 19]. The output of a corresponding local network can be selected externally among others, for example, by utilizing a winner-take-all dynamics (WTA) type gating mechanism [20, 21]. On the other hand in the distributed representa ...
Monitoring and switching of cortico-basal ganglia loop
... Large, distinct sets of projections to, and relatively focused projections from, the CM–Pf complex to the basal ganglia and cerebral cortex have been identified. The inputs were shown to originate in the thalamic reticular nucleus (Royce et al., 1991; Steriade et al., 1994), cholinergic and non-chol ...
... Large, distinct sets of projections to, and relatively focused projections from, the CM–Pf complex to the basal ganglia and cerebral cortex have been identified. The inputs were shown to originate in the thalamic reticular nucleus (Royce et al., 1991; Steriade et al., 1994), cholinergic and non-chol ...
Depth Perception
... and then see how accomodation may be used cooperatively to improve the depth estimates provided by a stereo-based system. The Correspondence Problem: To match corresponding points on the 2 retinas to be able to infer depth of the stimulus of which both features are the image. Why is it a problem? "G ...
... and then see how accomodation may be used cooperatively to improve the depth estimates provided by a stereo-based system. The Correspondence Problem: To match corresponding points on the 2 retinas to be able to infer depth of the stimulus of which both features are the image. Why is it a problem? "G ...
Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging: Technique review and Models
... membrane area of all stained elements under each measuring pixel. ”All elements” means all neuronal cells present in the cortex but also all nonneuronal cells, like glial cells (see section 2.1 for more details). Moreover, neuronal cells include excitatory cells and inhibitory cells, whose morpholog ...
... membrane area of all stained elements under each measuring pixel. ”All elements” means all neuronal cells present in the cortex but also all nonneuronal cells, like glial cells (see section 2.1 for more details). Moreover, neuronal cells include excitatory cells and inhibitory cells, whose morpholog ...
Neural Coding and Auditory Perception
... of reverberation across the population of low-frequency neurons. Neurons in the IC also display a wide variety of temporal response patterns to tones and noise. Notably, many neurons fire more action potentials in the earlier portions of the stimulus than in later portions, a feature termed spike ra ...
... of reverberation across the population of low-frequency neurons. Neurons in the IC also display a wide variety of temporal response patterns to tones and noise. Notably, many neurons fire more action potentials in the earlier portions of the stimulus than in later portions, a feature termed spike ra ...
Enhanced cholinergic suppression of previously strengthened synapses enables the formation of
... storage process have shown that the memory capacity of a realistic cortical network can be greatly enhanced if cholinergic modulation blocks transmission at synaptic connections of the association fibers during the learning process. We here present experimental data from an olfactory cortex brain sli ...
... storage process have shown that the memory capacity of a realistic cortical network can be greatly enhanced if cholinergic modulation blocks transmission at synaptic connections of the association fibers during the learning process. We here present experimental data from an olfactory cortex brain sli ...
Computational Intelligence
... biomedical engineering without relying on outside computer science expertise such as that required to build knowledge bases for classical expert systems. Furthermore, innovative ways to combine CI tools are cropping up every day. For example, tools have been developed that incorporate knowledge elem ...
... biomedical engineering without relying on outside computer science expertise such as that required to build knowledge bases for classical expert systems. Furthermore, innovative ways to combine CI tools are cropping up every day. For example, tools have been developed that incorporate knowledge elem ...
Analyzing Neural Responses to Natural Signals: Maximally
... are relevant for setting the probability of generating a single spike at one moment in time. From an information-theoretic point of view, asking for stimulus features that capture the mutual information between the stimulus and the arrival times of single spikes is a well-posed question even if succ ...
... are relevant for setting the probability of generating a single spike at one moment in time. From an information-theoretic point of view, asking for stimulus features that capture the mutual information between the stimulus and the arrival times of single spikes is a well-posed question even if succ ...
A Neural Mass Model to Simulate Different Rhythms in a Cortical
... interneurons, inhibitory interneurons with slow synaptic kinetics (GABAA,slow ), and inhibitory interneurons with faster synaptic kinetics (GABAA,fast ). In the following, a quantity which belongs to a neural population will be denoted with the subscripts p (pyramidal), e (excitatory interneuron), s ...
... interneurons, inhibitory interneurons with slow synaptic kinetics (GABAA,slow ), and inhibitory interneurons with faster synaptic kinetics (GABAA,fast ). In the following, a quantity which belongs to a neural population will be denoted with the subscripts p (pyramidal), e (excitatory interneuron), s ...
A Stereoscopic Look at Visual Cortex
... scopic perception seemed too limited to grant attention as a potential alternative. This evidence mainly came from one published study (Janssen et al. 2003) demonstrating that neurons in macaque IT discard anti-correlated signals and from a preliminary report (Fujita et al. 2003) that signals in IT ...
... scopic perception seemed too limited to grant attention as a potential alternative. This evidence mainly came from one published study (Janssen et al. 2003) demonstrating that neurons in macaque IT discard anti-correlated signals and from a preliminary report (Fujita et al. 2003) that signals in IT ...
Dynamic traffic splitting to parallel wireless networks with partial information: a Bayesian approach
... part of the requested data in a separate TCP session. Previous work has indicated that downloading from multiple networks concurrently may not always be beneficial [12], but in general significant performance improvements can be realized [13, 17, 19]. Under these circumstances of using a combination ...
... part of the requested data in a separate TCP session. Previous work has indicated that downloading from multiple networks concurrently may not always be beneficial [12], but in general significant performance improvements can be realized [13, 17, 19]. Under these circumstances of using a combination ...
Activity of Bipolar Potential Generation in Paramecium
... system controlled by stable timing clock established in neural group [1-4]. A single neuron operates as an active device for amplification of reception potentials (signals) and/or generation of positive potential pulses [5,6]. Principle of operations in living neural system still remains unknown exc ...
... system controlled by stable timing clock established in neural group [1-4]. A single neuron operates as an active device for amplification of reception potentials (signals) and/or generation of positive potential pulses [5,6]. Principle of operations in living neural system still remains unknown exc ...
Chunking of Action Sequences in the Cortex
... There is a plethora of different models that try to better mimic the function of the basal ganglia. The level of detail has increased over time. Houk et al. (1995) presented one of the first models. The problem with it was that it did not account for the timed depression of dopamine when an expected r ...
... There is a plethora of different models that try to better mimic the function of the basal ganglia. The level of detail has increased over time. Houk et al. (1995) presented one of the first models. The problem with it was that it did not account for the timed depression of dopamine when an expected r ...
A model for experience-dependent changes in the responses of inferotemporal neurons
... excitation from interfering with self-organization (Hasselmo and Cekic 1996). For this reason, we included cholinergic modulation, described below. 2.5. Role of cholinergic modulation IT cortex receives cholinergic innervation from the nucleus basalis of the substantia innominata region (also known ...
... excitation from interfering with self-organization (Hasselmo and Cekic 1996). For this reason, we included cholinergic modulation, described below. 2.5. Role of cholinergic modulation IT cortex receives cholinergic innervation from the nucleus basalis of the substantia innominata region (also known ...
Spike-timing dependent plasticity and the cognitive map
... has also demonstrated that STDP can provide a putative homeostatic function by reducing synaptic currents in response to an increase in input firing rate, and thus provide global stability for local Hebbian learning rules (Song et al., 2000; Song and Abbott, 2001). However, these emergent dynamics d ...
... has also demonstrated that STDP can provide a putative homeostatic function by reducing synaptic currents in response to an increase in input firing rate, and thus provide global stability for local Hebbian learning rules (Song et al., 2000; Song and Abbott, 2001). However, these emergent dynamics d ...
Knowledge acquisition and processing: new methods for
... for the data vectors with the „I do not know” decision in the 1st stage. The NF network in the 2nd stage is reduced to the components associated with the Versicolor and Virginica classes. ...
... for the data vectors with the „I do not know” decision in the 1st stage. The NF network in the 2nd stage is reduced to the components associated with the Versicolor and Virginica classes. ...
Visuomotor neurons: ambiguity of the discharge or `motor` perception?
... towards the stimulus ŽB2.. This last condition is the critical one that allows to determine whether F4 visual receptive fields are coded in a non-retinotopic coordinate system: In the case of a retinotopically coded visual receptive field, the gaze deviation towards the visual stimulus should be acc ...
... towards the stimulus ŽB2.. This last condition is the critical one that allows to determine whether F4 visual receptive fields are coded in a non-retinotopic coordinate system: In the case of a retinotopically coded visual receptive field, the gaze deviation towards the visual stimulus should be acc ...