aus: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 123 (1998) 213–231
... Wells reject and Pritchett accepts is based upon a false premise. They assume that the full moon normally falls on the 15th, and that a full moon on the 9th would be six days out of place. In other words, they assume that the Spartan calendar was astronomically precise, beginning each month at conju ...
... Wells reject and Pritchett accepts is based upon a false premise. They assume that the full moon normally falls on the 15th, and that a full moon on the 9th would be six days out of place. In other words, they assume that the Spartan calendar was astronomically precise, beginning each month at conju ...
A Tale of Two Cities? - VUW research archive
... Even the guides of the Argives themselves know that what they say is not all truth, but they say it nevertheless. For it is not easy to make everyone change their minds to the contrary. ...
... Even the guides of the Argives themselves know that what they say is not all truth, but they say it nevertheless. For it is not easy to make everyone change their minds to the contrary. ...
aus: Zeitschrift f¸r Papyrologie und Epigraphik 84 (1990) 231–295
... the Alliance the old ten damiorgoi of the Molossian state were replaced by ten hieromnemones, and the Molossian prostates is still eponymous. Then, with the death of the Molossian king about 232 BC the Alliance was transformed into a new organization, the Epirote Confederacy, in which the individual ...
... the Alliance the old ten damiorgoi of the Molossian state were replaced by ten hieromnemones, and the Molossian prostates is still eponymous. Then, with the death of the Molossian king about 232 BC the Alliance was transformed into a new organization, the Epirote Confederacy, in which the individual ...
- LSE Theses Online
... fundamental facts of life, which must be realized if we are to understand any moral problems. (1929: 15) As the Regius Professor of Greek at Oxford, the foremost interpreter of the Greek world to his generation, Murray was aware of life’s tragic elements (Wilson 2009a). Murray took from his distant ...
... fundamental facts of life, which must be realized if we are to understand any moral problems. (1929: 15) As the Regius Professor of Greek at Oxford, the foremost interpreter of the Greek world to his generation, Murray was aware of life’s tragic elements (Wilson 2009a). Murray took from his distant ...
Why Seize the Acropolis?
... same fate for himself (Hdt. 5.72.2). But even if the acropolis could provide a safe refuge for insurgents this would still not explain how seizing it contributed to establishing a tyranny in the first place. It is sometimes assumed that controlling the acropolis would also give one control of the ci ...
... same fate for himself (Hdt. 5.72.2). But even if the acropolis could provide a safe refuge for insurgents this would still not explain how seizing it contributed to establishing a tyranny in the first place. It is sometimes assumed that controlling the acropolis would also give one control of the ci ...
Ethnography and Empire: Homer and the Hippocratics in Herodotus
... that may beguile others, a manoeuvre which establishes at the outset his authority and his discernment, both of which in turn serving to encourage credibility (in some) regarding those wonders that he chooses to identify as such. At the same time, that an account of the Table of the Sun is provide ...
... that may beguile others, a manoeuvre which establishes at the outset his authority and his discernment, both of which in turn serving to encourage credibility (in some) regarding those wonders that he chooses to identify as such. At the same time, that an account of the Table of the Sun is provide ...
Rhetoric and the Architecture of Empire in the Athenian Agora
... of the ever-growing Ekklesia one was constructed outside of the agora on the Pnyx, not for reasons of topography, but apparently to separate that hierarchical form of oratory from the democratic agora. Though archaic Homer could conceive of a city as a group of men without defensive walls or aggress ...
... of the ever-growing Ekklesia one was constructed outside of the agora on the Pnyx, not for reasons of topography, but apparently to separate that hierarchical form of oratory from the democratic agora. Though archaic Homer could conceive of a city as a group of men without defensive walls or aggress ...
the pdf - Open Collections
... "This Croesus was the f i r s t of the barbarians of whom we know to have reduced certain of the Greeks to the position of tributaries, and to have made friendly alliances with others. He subdued the Ionians, Aeolians, and Dorians who were i n Asia and made friends with the Lacedaemonians* Before th ...
... "This Croesus was the f i r s t of the barbarians of whom we know to have reduced certain of the Greeks to the position of tributaries, and to have made friendly alliances with others. He subdued the Ionians, Aeolians, and Dorians who were i n Asia and made friends with the Lacedaemonians* Before th ...
chapter 1 OEDIPUS IN ATHENS - Beck-Shop
... The domestic crises at the start of the Peloponnesian War, then, may well have been reflected in Oedipus Tyrannus. Moreover, many of the issues under debate in Sophocles’ play would have had a decidedly contemporary ring. Oedipus’ and Jocasta’s responses to Tiresias and the Delphic oracle respective ...
... The domestic crises at the start of the Peloponnesian War, then, may well have been reflected in Oedipus Tyrannus. Moreover, many of the issues under debate in Sophocles’ play would have had a decidedly contemporary ring. Oedipus’ and Jocasta’s responses to Tiresias and the Delphic oracle respective ...
History of the Peloponnesian War
... Accordingly Attica, from the poverty of its soil enjoying from a very remote period freedom from faction, never changed its inhabitants. And here is no inconsiderable exemplification of my assertion that the migrations were the cause of there being no correspondent growth in other parts. The most po ...
... Accordingly Attica, from the poverty of its soil enjoying from a very remote period freedom from faction, never changed its inhabitants. And here is no inconsiderable exemplification of my assertion that the migrations were the cause of there being no correspondent growth in other parts. The most po ...
THUCYDIDES: THE PELOPONNESIAN WARS
... expeditions, so from the same cause even the one in question, more famous than its predecessors, may be pronounced on the evidence of what it effected to have been inferior to its renown and to the current opinion about it formed under the tuition of the poets. XII. Even after the Trojan war Hellas ...
... expeditions, so from the same cause even the one in question, more famous than its predecessors, may be pronounced on the evidence of what it effected to have been inferior to its renown and to the current opinion about it formed under the tuition of the poets. XII. Even after the Trojan war Hellas ...
Πολιτικός Ἔρως: Alcibiades` Love in Thucydides and Plato
... implications for the πόλις at the level of norms and at the level of history are staggering: we find a similar kind of ambiguity between Alcibiades and the δῆμος in Athens. This correspondence leads us to question whether we cannot judge Plato and Thucydides on an equal footing as political commenta ...
... implications for the πόλις at the level of norms and at the level of history are staggering: we find a similar kind of ambiguity between Alcibiades and the δῆμος in Athens. This correspondence leads us to question whether we cannot judge Plato and Thucydides on an equal footing as political commenta ...
The History of the Peloponnesian War
... a match for the detachment left behind. If they had brought plenty of supplies with them, and had persevered in the war without scattering for piracy and agriculture, they would have easily defeated the Trojans in the field, since they could hold their own against them with the division on service. ...
... a match for the detachment left behind. If they had brought plenty of supplies with them, and had persevered in the war without scattering for piracy and agriculture, they would have easily defeated the Trojans in the field, since they could hold their own against them with the division on service. ...
- MTSU - Walker Library - Open Access Journals
... the Parthenon can be traced even further to the Athenians selecting Athena as their goddess over Poseidon, a theme in the architecture of the Parthenon’s west pediment. Before construction was finished on the “Pre-Parthenon,” the Persians invaded once more in 480 B.C., aiming for the heart of Athens ...
... the Parthenon can be traced even further to the Athenians selecting Athena as their goddess over Poseidon, a theme in the architecture of the Parthenon’s west pediment. Before construction was finished on the “Pre-Parthenon,” the Persians invaded once more in 480 B.C., aiming for the heart of Athens ...
English A2 HL II
... The Athenian theater was financed by the Athenian state as an integral part of an Athenian religious festival in the city Dionysia. Three tragic poets were chosen to present their plays; each presented a tetralogy (a group of four plays), three tragedies and a satyr play (a comic entertainment to li ...
... The Athenian theater was financed by the Athenian state as an integral part of an Athenian religious festival in the city Dionysia. Three tragic poets were chosen to present their plays; each presented a tetralogy (a group of four plays), three tragedies and a satyr play (a comic entertainment to li ...
Demosthenes on Distrust of Tyrants
... fought many wars, both against democracies and against oligarchies. This is a fact you know well without any prompting, but perhaps none of you considers the stakes for which you fight wars in either case. What are these then? Your wars against democracies are fought either over private claims, when ...
... fought many wars, both against democracies and against oligarchies. This is a fact you know well without any prompting, but perhaps none of you considers the stakes for which you fight wars in either case. What are these then? Your wars against democracies are fought either over private claims, when ...
Life and So ciety in
... Thc rcason that wc cannot do this satisfactorilyis not so much the absenc cvidencc as its conccntration on two unrepresentativeexamples. Only Atl offcrs a sulllcient variety of material for us to be able to understand in detail way people lived; and from that evidence we seethat Athens was funda unt ...
... Thc rcason that wc cannot do this satisfactorilyis not so much the absenc cvidencc as its conccntration on two unrepresentativeexamples. Only Atl offcrs a sulllcient variety of material for us to be able to understand in detail way people lived; and from that evidence we seethat Athens was funda unt ...
document
... He was a pacifist, a free thinker, and a humanitarian (which in Athens at that time was bad) Of the three great tragic poets of Greece, Euripides was by far the most modern. As the first of the "realists" he brought realism in clothes, conversation and character to the Greek stage. He was a pioneer ...
... He was a pacifist, a free thinker, and a humanitarian (which in Athens at that time was bad) Of the three great tragic poets of Greece, Euripides was by far the most modern. As the first of the "realists" he brought realism in clothes, conversation and character to the Greek stage. He was a pioneer ...
Plutarch, Charinus, and the Megarian Decree
... which Plutarch knew from some source, perhaps Craterus (Per. 30.23). I shall return to this explanation shortly. The second, the Megarian story, blamed the origin of the decree, and hence Pericles' refusal to repeal it, on his anger over the theft of two of Aspasia's harlots by Megarian youths (30.4 ...
... which Plutarch knew from some source, perhaps Craterus (Per. 30.23). I shall return to this explanation shortly. The second, the Megarian story, blamed the origin of the decree, and hence Pericles' refusal to repeal it, on his anger over the theft of two of Aspasia's harlots by Megarian youths (30.4 ...
T H E S E U S Θ Η Σ Ε Υ Σ
... After Theseus had been a prisoner of Pluto for some time, Hercules happened to be travelling in Epirus, and he stopped to visit Pluto. In the course of their conversation, Pluto casually mentioned what had happened to Theseus and Perithous. Horrified, Hercules asked Pluto to do him the favor of rele ...
... After Theseus had been a prisoner of Pluto for some time, Hercules happened to be travelling in Epirus, and he stopped to visit Pluto. In the course of their conversation, Pluto casually mentioned what had happened to Theseus and Perithous. Horrified, Hercules asked Pluto to do him the favor of rele ...
Demosthenes and the Great man in `Against Conon`
... in actuality, his severity was merely an act to cover up his radical lifestyle of wickedness, which is evil beyond belief. While Demosthenes never substantiates these accusations, these attacks achieve two purposes- positioning Conon as an enemy of the nonelites and demonstrating that Conon lacks an ...
... in actuality, his severity was merely an act to cover up his radical lifestyle of wickedness, which is evil beyond belief. While Demosthenes never substantiates these accusations, these attacks achieve two purposes- positioning Conon as an enemy of the nonelites and demonstrating that Conon lacks an ...
Mark scheme - Unit F391 - Greek history from original
... qualifications to meet the needs of candidates of all ages and abilities. OCR qualifications include AS/A Levels, Diplomas, GCSEs, Cambridge Nationals, Cambridge Technicals, Functional Skills, Key Skills, Entry Level qualifications, NVQs and vocational qualifications in areas such as IT, business, l ...
... qualifications to meet the needs of candidates of all ages and abilities. OCR qualifications include AS/A Levels, Diplomas, GCSEs, Cambridge Nationals, Cambridge Technicals, Functional Skills, Key Skills, Entry Level qualifications, NVQs and vocational qualifications in areas such as IT, business, l ...
The Lesser Mysteries of Eleusis
... Johann Michael Wittmer, View of Athens from the River Ilissos, 1833, Benaki Museum, Athens. ...
... Johann Michael Wittmer, View of Athens from the River Ilissos, 1833, Benaki Museum, Athens. ...
Ancient Greece Project - Teaching and Technology Ideas
... c) A source sheet for recording all the resources you use. You must fill this sheet in accurately with all the sources you use (books and internet). Reminders: q Read topics carefully. If you are uncertain about what to do ask the teacher for clarification. q Before beginning a topic, look over th ...
... c) A source sheet for recording all the resources you use. You must fill this sheet in accurately with all the sources you use (books and internet). Reminders: q Read topics carefully. If you are uncertain about what to do ask the teacher for clarification. q Before beginning a topic, look over th ...
Ancient Greek warfare
The Greek 'Dark Age' drew to a close as a significant increase in population allowed urbanized culture to be restored, and the rise of the city-states (Poleis). These developments ushered in the Archaic period (800-480 BC). They also restored the capability of organized warfare between these Poleis (as opposed to small-scale raids to acquire livestock and grain, for example). The fractious nature of Ancient Greek society seems to have made continuous conflict on this larger scale inevitable.Concomitant with the rise of the city-state was the evolution of a new way of warfare - the hoplite phalanx. When exactly the phalanx developed is uncertain, but it is thought to have been developed by the Spartans. The chigi vase, dated to around 650 BC, is the earliest depiction of a hoplite in full battle array. The hoplite was a well-armed and armored citizen-soldier primarily drawn from the middle classes. Every man had to serve at least two years in the army. Fighting in the tight phalanx formation maximised the effectiveness of his armor, large shield and long spear, presenting a wall of armor and spearpoints to the enemy. They were a force to be reckoned with.With this evolution in warfare, battles seem to have consisted mostly of the clash of hoplite phalanxes from the city-states in conflict. Since the soldiers were citizens with other occupations, warfare was limited in distance, season and scale. Neither side could afford heavy casualties or sustained campaigns, so conflicts seem to have been resolved by a single set-piece battle.The scale and scope of warfare in Ancient Greece changed dramatically as a result of the Greco-Persian Wars. To fight the enormous armies of the Achaemenid Empire was effectively beyond the capabilities of a single city-state. The eventual triumph of the Greeks was achieved by alliances of many city-states (the exact composition changing over time), allowing the pooling of resources and division of labour. Although alliances between city states occurred before this time, nothing on this scale had been seen before. The rise of Athens and Sparta as pre-eminent powers during this conflict led directly to the Peloponnesian War, which saw further development of the nature of warfare, strategy and tactics. Fought between leagues of cities dominated by Athens and Sparta, the increased manpower and financial resources increased the scale, and allowed the diversification of warfare. Set-piece battles during the Peloponnesian war proved indecisive and instead there was increased reliance on attritionary strategies, naval battle and blockades and sieges. These changes greatly increased the number of casualties and the disruption of Greek society.Following the eventual defeat of the Athenians in 404 BC, and the disbandment of the Athenian-dominated Delian League, Ancient Greece fell under the hegemony of Sparta. However, it was soon apparent that the hegemony was unstable, and the Persian Empire sponsored a rebellion by the combined powers of Athens, Thebes, Corinth and Argos, resulting in the Corinthian War (395-387 BC). After largely inconclusive campaigning, the war was decided when the Persians switched to supporting the Spartans, in return for the cities of Ionia and Spartan non-interference in Asia Minor. This brought the rebels to terms, and restored the Spartan hegemony on a more stable footing. The Spartan hegemony would last another 16 years, until, at the Battle of Leuctra (371) the Spartans were decisively defeated by the Theban general Epaminondas.In the aftermath of this, the Thebans acted with alacrity to establish a hegemony of their own over Greece. However, Thebes lacked sufficient manpower and resources, and became overstretched in attempting to impose itself on the rest of Greece. Following the death of Epaminondas and loss of manpower at the Battle of Mantinea, the Theban hegemony ceased. Indeed, the losses in the ten years of the Theban hegemony left all the Greek city-states weakened and divided. As such, the city-states of southern Greece would shortly afterwards be powerless to resist the rise of the Macedonian kingdom in the north. With revolutionary tactics, King Phillip II brought most of Greece under his sway, paving the way for the conquest of ""the known world"" by his son Alexander the Great. The rise of the Macedonian Kingdom is generally taken to signal the end of the Greek Classical period, and certainly marked the end of the distinctive hoplite battle in Ancient Greece.