Introduction 9 INTRODUCTION Circadian rhythms in physiology and
... advance or delay in the onset of behavioral activity. However, it has been observed that light-induced phase resetting of the activity offset shows different kinetics than that of the onset. This phenomenon is most obvious following light pulses that are administered during the late subjective night ...
... advance or delay in the onset of behavioral activity. However, it has been observed that light-induced phase resetting of the activity offset shows different kinetics than that of the onset. This phenomenon is most obvious following light pulses that are administered during the late subjective night ...
Neuronal sources of hedgehog modulate neurogenesis in the adult
... then found a smaller group of cells close to the flatworm’s brain that looked like dedicated neural stem cells. These cells can receive the hedgehog signals, and further experiments showed that flatworm’s brain requires hedgehog signaling to be able to produce new neurons at its normal level. The he ...
... then found a smaller group of cells close to the flatworm’s brain that looked like dedicated neural stem cells. These cells can receive the hedgehog signals, and further experiments showed that flatworm’s brain requires hedgehog signaling to be able to produce new neurons at its normal level. The he ...
The Integrative Role of Posterior Parietal Cortex and related Clinical S
... posterior parietal cortex critical for the spatial attention is in the intraparietal region. When this area is injured, the modality-specific channel of information related to the external space can remain intact, but cannot be recombined to generate an interactive and coherent representation necess ...
... posterior parietal cortex critical for the spatial attention is in the intraparietal region. When this area is injured, the modality-specific channel of information related to the external space can remain intact, but cannot be recombined to generate an interactive and coherent representation necess ...
Dorsal spinal cord stimulation obtunds the capacity of intrathoracic
... The indifferent electrode was attached to the mediastinum adjacent to that middle cervical ganglion. This ganglion was explored with the electrode tip placed from its ventral surface to its underlying regions such that the activity generated by neurons in various loci within that ganglion could be i ...
... The indifferent electrode was attached to the mediastinum adjacent to that middle cervical ganglion. This ganglion was explored with the electrode tip placed from its ventral surface to its underlying regions such that the activity generated by neurons in various loci within that ganglion could be i ...
Expectancies in decision making, reinforcement
... generate and evaluate potentially rich outcome expectancies. Animal learning studies indicate that expectancies may arise from different sources, including not only forward models but also Pavlovian associations, and the flexibility with which such representations impact behavior may depend on how t ...
... generate and evaluate potentially rich outcome expectancies. Animal learning studies indicate that expectancies may arise from different sources, including not only forward models but also Pavlovian associations, and the flexibility with which such representations impact behavior may depend on how t ...
The Nervous System - Fisiokinesiterapia
... • The result of a ruptured blood vessel supplying a region of the brain • Brain tissue supplied with oxygen from that blood source dies • Loss of some functions or death may result Slide 7.50 ...
... • The result of a ruptured blood vessel supplying a region of the brain • Brain tissue supplied with oxygen from that blood source dies • Loss of some functions or death may result Slide 7.50 ...
The Rat Ventromedial Thalamic Nucleus and Motor Control: Role of
... The rat ventromedial thalamic nucleus (VM) is a point of convergence of several pathways that are supposed to be involved in motor control. Cortical fibers terminating within this nucleus use an excitatory amino acid, possibly L-glutamate, as their transmitter. Excitatory amino acids are known to in ...
... The rat ventromedial thalamic nucleus (VM) is a point of convergence of several pathways that are supposed to be involved in motor control. Cortical fibers terminating within this nucleus use an excitatory amino acid, possibly L-glutamate, as their transmitter. Excitatory amino acids are known to in ...
BIOFEEDBACK AND YOGA
... he Swami's answer contrasted ironically with an opinion I got later from an esteemed friend, a "hardheaded" scientist. I asked if he would partic ipate in testing one of the Swami's more ('far-out" proposals, and he bluntly said no. When I asked why, he said that he did not want to be connected wit ...
... he Swami's answer contrasted ironically with an opinion I got later from an esteemed friend, a "hardheaded" scientist. I asked if he would partic ipate in testing one of the Swami's more ('far-out" proposals, and he bluntly said no. When I asked why, he said that he did not want to be connected wit ...
learning, Memory, and Cognition: Animal Perspectives
... slave-making species as if it were its own species. The basis for this phenomenon may be olfactory imprinting by which the slave ants learn to recognize the slave makers as members of their own species. The mechanistic basis of olfactory imprinting has been studied in the fruit fly Drosophila melan ...
... slave-making species as if it were its own species. The basis for this phenomenon may be olfactory imprinting by which the slave ants learn to recognize the slave makers as members of their own species. The mechanistic basis of olfactory imprinting has been studied in the fruit fly Drosophila melan ...
Optimal Recall from Bounded Metaplastic Synapses: Predicting
... from more realistic synapses that suffer from a bounded dynamical range. Second, at the level of retrieval, there are also several aspects of hippocampal circuit dynamics of which we lack a theoretical account. For example, experimental work has long shown that synaptic plasticity is accompanied by ...
... from more realistic synapses that suffer from a bounded dynamical range. Second, at the level of retrieval, there are also several aspects of hippocampal circuit dynamics of which we lack a theoretical account. For example, experimental work has long shown that synaptic plasticity is accompanied by ...
Document
... Visceral Sensory Area – Located in the Insula – this cortex is involved in conscious awareness of a full bladder or upset stomach, etc. Vestibular Cortex – difficult to pin down its location – quite diffuse location but appears to be in posterior part to the insula – involved in conscious awareness ...
... Visceral Sensory Area – Located in the Insula – this cortex is involved in conscious awareness of a full bladder or upset stomach, etc. Vestibular Cortex – difficult to pin down its location – quite diffuse location but appears to be in posterior part to the insula – involved in conscious awareness ...
Failure of the oculomotor neural integrator from a discrete midline
... commissural fibers crossing the midline at the abducens level can reduce the time constant of the neural integrator by an order of magnitude. This result supports the hypothesis that integration is subserved by commissural interactions among MVN/NPH neurons. A leaky integrator will cause the eyes to ...
... commissural fibers crossing the midline at the abducens level can reduce the time constant of the neural integrator by an order of magnitude. This result supports the hypothesis that integration is subserved by commissural interactions among MVN/NPH neurons. A leaky integrator will cause the eyes to ...
Nervous System
... Electrochemical gradients: the sum of the chemical and electrical forces acting on a specific ion across the cell membrane ...
... Electrochemical gradients: the sum of the chemical and electrical forces acting on a specific ion across the cell membrane ...
Does spike-time dependant plasticity occurs in dorsal horn neurons
... Synaptic plasticity consists of any change in the synaptic connections between neurons, including strengthening and weakening of synapses, changes in the distribution of receptor proteins and postsynaptic signal transduction mechanisms, and even changes in the number and distribution of synapses for ...
... Synaptic plasticity consists of any change in the synaptic connections between neurons, including strengthening and weakening of synapses, changes in the distribution of receptor proteins and postsynaptic signal transduction mechanisms, and even changes in the number and distribution of synapses for ...
Pictures of pain: their contribution to the
... most strikingly on viewing abstract or other non-figurative art. These two approaches—one implicating mirror neurons, the other not—tend to be studied differently, by means of neuro-imaging and psychological techniques, respectively (see de Vignemont and Singer, 2006). Freedberg and Gallese (2007) fa ...
... most strikingly on viewing abstract or other non-figurative art. These two approaches—one implicating mirror neurons, the other not—tend to be studied differently, by means of neuro-imaging and psychological techniques, respectively (see de Vignemont and Singer, 2006). Freedberg and Gallese (2007) fa ...
Temporary inhibition of AMPA receptors induces a prolonged improvement
... Axiovision 4.6 software (Carl Zeiss UK Ltd, Welwyn Garden City, UK). All following analyses were performed with no previous knowledge of treatment. Assessment of GFAP and F4/80 staining was done with a semi-automated thresholding image analysis (Bible et al., 2004; Pontikis et al., 2004). Accordingl ...
... Axiovision 4.6 software (Carl Zeiss UK Ltd, Welwyn Garden City, UK). All following analyses were performed with no previous knowledge of treatment. Assessment of GFAP and F4/80 staining was done with a semi-automated thresholding image analysis (Bible et al., 2004; Pontikis et al., 2004). Accordingl ...
A first-principle for the nervous system
... Figure 3. A framework for the functional organization of the nervous system using the basic structure-function unit and its modifications. On the left upper corner, the cue stimulus induces its percept at the corresponding sensory cortex. Further propagation of activity to the location of its previo ...
... Figure 3. A framework for the functional organization of the nervous system using the basic structure-function unit and its modifications. On the left upper corner, the cue stimulus induces its percept at the corresponding sensory cortex. Further propagation of activity to the location of its previo ...
Transgenic Targeting of Recombinant Rabies Virus Reveals
... by performing three distinct kinds of control injections (see supplemental Table S1, available at www.jneurosci.org as supplemental material, for a summary of all injections). Wild-type injections were into animals genetically incapable of expressing any viral proteins (i.e., TVAG⫺/tTA⫺ and TVAG⫺/tT ...
... by performing three distinct kinds of control injections (see supplemental Table S1, available at www.jneurosci.org as supplemental material, for a summary of all injections). Wild-type injections were into animals genetically incapable of expressing any viral proteins (i.e., TVAG⫺/tTA⫺ and TVAG⫺/tT ...
The Human Mirror Neuron System and Embodied
... (action production); on others, the animal would observe the experimenter manipulate the object (action observation) or view the object passively as a visual control (Gallese et al., 1996). These studies revealed two distinct classes of neurons: canonical neurons and mirror neurons. Canonical neuron ...
... (action production); on others, the animal would observe the experimenter manipulate the object (action observation) or view the object passively as a visual control (Gallese et al., 1996). These studies revealed two distinct classes of neurons: canonical neurons and mirror neurons. Canonical neuron ...
HUMAN BRAIN EVOLUTION IN AN ECOLOGICAL CONTEXT^
... Hence. Jerison's quotient values for individual species are approximately one-third of the index values given by Bauchot and Stephan's ...
... Hence. Jerison's quotient values for individual species are approximately one-third of the index values given by Bauchot and Stephan's ...
Glossary - Baars and Gage
... Korbinian Brodmann, originally based on the microscopic anatomy of neurons in different patches of the cortex. They are still widely used for cortical localization, and Brodmann‘s areas generally have distinctive functions. See Chapter 5, ‘Introduction’. Buber, Martin (1878–1965): An Austrian-born J ...
... Korbinian Brodmann, originally based on the microscopic anatomy of neurons in different patches of the cortex. They are still widely used for cortical localization, and Brodmann‘s areas generally have distinctive functions. See Chapter 5, ‘Introduction’. Buber, Martin (1878–1965): An Austrian-born J ...
Neuronal Interaction Dynamics in Cat Primary Visual Cortex
... Neuronal interactions are an intricate part of cortical information processing generating internal representations of the environment beyond simple one-to-one mappings of the input parameter space. Here we examined functional ranges of interaction processes within ensembles of neurons in cat primary ...
... Neuronal interactions are an intricate part of cortical information processing generating internal representations of the environment beyond simple one-to-one mappings of the input parameter space. Here we examined functional ranges of interaction processes within ensembles of neurons in cat primary ...
Adaptive Gain and Optimal Performance
... By decision processes, we mean those processes responsible for mapping task-relevant stimuli onto the corresponding response. As we discuss further below, there is growing evidence that, for simple tasks, such processes may be implemented relatively early in the processing stream, distinct from and ...
... By decision processes, we mean those processes responsible for mapping task-relevant stimuli onto the corresponding response. As we discuss further below, there is growing evidence that, for simple tasks, such processes may be implemented relatively early in the processing stream, distinct from and ...