BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF BEHAVIOR
... one case, physical damage to Gage’s brain changed his thinking and behavior so radically that a psychologically different person emerged. The death of the young woman suggests the possibility that her psychological belief that she was doomed brought about biological changes so profound that they kil ...
... one case, physical damage to Gage’s brain changed his thinking and behavior so radically that a psychologically different person emerged. The death of the young woman suggests the possibility that her psychological belief that she was doomed brought about biological changes so profound that they kil ...
Top-down influence in early visual processing: a Bayesian perspective
... scenes. These features include location, line orientation, stereo disparity, movement direction, color and spatial frequency [1,2]. It is also known that V1 neurons are also influenced by the surrounding context of the stimuli [3– 6]. The interpretations of the contextual modulations in these studie ...
... scenes. These features include location, line orientation, stereo disparity, movement direction, color and spatial frequency [1,2]. It is also known that V1 neurons are also influenced by the surrounding context of the stimuli [3– 6]. The interpretations of the contextual modulations in these studie ...
repo
... Non neural cells in CNS and PNS with ectodermic or hematopoietic origin, with the homeostasis function Glia: Neuron ...
... Non neural cells in CNS and PNS with ectodermic or hematopoietic origin, with the homeostasis function Glia: Neuron ...
Growth/differentiation factor 15 promotes EGFR
... expression in neural precursors. For example, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2 and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 4 have been shown to promote and downregulate EGFR expression in cultured neural precursors, respectively (Ciccolini and Svendsen, 1998; Lillien and Raphael, 2000). In addition, stroma ...
... expression in neural precursors. For example, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2 and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 4 have been shown to promote and downregulate EGFR expression in cultured neural precursors, respectively (Ciccolini and Svendsen, 1998; Lillien and Raphael, 2000). In addition, stroma ...
2. Blastogenesis. Implantation. Gastrulation. Notochord. Somites.
... − the proper development of the primitive streak and primitive node is essential for: o further development of axial structures, such as notochord, neural tube, primitive gut o induction of brain vesicles (namely prosencephalon dividing into telencephalon and diencephalon) o establishing the right-t ...
... − the proper development of the primitive streak and primitive node is essential for: o further development of axial structures, such as notochord, neural tube, primitive gut o induction of brain vesicles (namely prosencephalon dividing into telencephalon and diencephalon) o establishing the right-t ...
notes as
... and bind to receptor molecules in the membrane of the postsynaptic neuron thus changing their shape. – This opens up holes that allow specific ions in or out. • The effectiveness of the synapse can be changed – vary the number of vesicles of transmitter – vary the number of receptor molecules. • Syn ...
... and bind to receptor molecules in the membrane of the postsynaptic neuron thus changing their shape. – This opens up holes that allow specific ions in or out. • The effectiveness of the synapse can be changed – vary the number of vesicles of transmitter – vary the number of receptor molecules. • Syn ...
CHAPTER 5 SIGNALLING IN NEURONS
... 5.1. SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION One of the main functions of neurons is to communicate with other neurons. An individual neuron may receive information from many different sources. Its job is to evaluate this information and "make a decision" as to whether to send out information to all of its target neu ...
... 5.1. SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION One of the main functions of neurons is to communicate with other neurons. An individual neuron may receive information from many different sources. Its job is to evaluate this information and "make a decision" as to whether to send out information to all of its target neu ...
Inducing factors and the control of mesodermal pattern in Xenopus
... (XbFGF). Animal caps were dissected from embryos at the midblastula stage and cultured in inducing factor until sibling embryos reached the swimming tadpole stage. In order that all the cell types present could be recognized, and to preserve the three-dimensional structure of the explants, the speci ...
... (XbFGF). Animal caps were dissected from embryos at the midblastula stage and cultured in inducing factor until sibling embryos reached the swimming tadpole stage. In order that all the cell types present could be recognized, and to preserve the three-dimensional structure of the explants, the speci ...
Optimal decision making theories - Bristol CS
... pressure has been promoting animals that make fast and accurate choices. Although optimality is not always achieved, these theories provide interpretation for existing data and further experimental predictions that can guide empirical research. The optimal decision making strategies are often precis ...
... pressure has been promoting animals that make fast and accurate choices. Although optimality is not always achieved, these theories provide interpretation for existing data and further experimental predictions that can guide empirical research. The optimal decision making strategies are often precis ...
self-organising map
... fashion. •Each output neuron is fully connected to all the source nodes in the input layer. •This network represents a feedforward structure with a single computational layer consisting of neurons arranged in a 2D or 1D grid. Higher dimensions > 2D are possible but not used very often. Grid topology ...
... fashion. •Each output neuron is fully connected to all the source nodes in the input layer. •This network represents a feedforward structure with a single computational layer consisting of neurons arranged in a 2D or 1D grid. Higher dimensions > 2D are possible but not used very often. Grid topology ...
The prechordal region lacks neural inducing ability
... pouch; the prechordal plate proper is directly adjacent to this pouch and to the future oropharyngeal region that will perforate to form the stomodaeum (Hamilton et al., 1962; Smith et al., 1994). It is believed, based mainly on circumstantial evidence, that these mesodermal, endodermal and ectoderm ...
... pouch; the prechordal plate proper is directly adjacent to this pouch and to the future oropharyngeal region that will perforate to form the stomodaeum (Hamilton et al., 1962; Smith et al., 1994). It is believed, based mainly on circumstantial evidence, that these mesodermal, endodermal and ectoderm ...
lecture 1 () - Stanford Department of Mathematics
... The brain has a very large but topologically simple circuitry The shown cerebellar network has ~1011 granule (Gr) cells and ~2.5 107 Purkinje (Pr) cells. There are around 105 synapses between T-shaped axons of Gr cells and the dendrites of a single Pr cell. ...
... The brain has a very large but topologically simple circuitry The shown cerebellar network has ~1011 granule (Gr) cells and ~2.5 107 Purkinje (Pr) cells. There are around 105 synapses between T-shaped axons of Gr cells and the dendrites of a single Pr cell. ...
PDF
... A complete analysis of the organization of the adult ovary in Xenopus females shows that it consists of about 140,000 oocytes larger than 50 /tim; 80 % of these cells are previtellogenic and constitute a large oocyte stock in the ovary. This pool is built up by the beginning of the 2nd year of the a ...
... A complete analysis of the organization of the adult ovary in Xenopus females shows that it consists of about 140,000 oocytes larger than 50 /tim; 80 % of these cells are previtellogenic and constitute a large oocyte stock in the ovary. This pool is built up by the beginning of the 2nd year of the a ...
Bio. Unit 10 Invertebrates Test
... _____ 9. One of the two main forms of cnidarians. a. worm-like b. polyp c. asymmetrical ...
... _____ 9. One of the two main forms of cnidarians. a. worm-like b. polyp c. asymmetrical ...
Sialoconjugates and development of the tail bud
... N-acetylglucosamine. Treatment of embryos with Limulus polyphemus lectin (LPL), which also binds to sialic acid, produced results similar to those of WGA. Treatments using lectins with other sugar-binding specificities, including succinylated WGA (with Nacetylglucosamine specificity only) produced d ...
... N-acetylglucosamine. Treatment of embryos with Limulus polyphemus lectin (LPL), which also binds to sialic acid, produced results similar to those of WGA. Treatments using lectins with other sugar-binding specificities, including succinylated WGA (with Nacetylglucosamine specificity only) produced d ...
a r t I C l e S
... During the development of peripheral ganglia, 50% of the neurons that are generated undergo apoptosis. How the massive numbers of corpses are removed is unknown. We found that satellite glial cell precursors are the primary phagocytic cells for apoptotic corpse removal in developing mouse dorsal roo ...
... During the development of peripheral ganglia, 50% of the neurons that are generated undergo apoptosis. How the massive numbers of corpses are removed is unknown. We found that satellite glial cell precursors are the primary phagocytic cells for apoptotic corpse removal in developing mouse dorsal roo ...
nips2.frame - /marty/papers/drotdil
... copy with artificial networks. We are just beginning to understand how biological networks are wired up during development and during learning in the adult. Even at this stage, however, it is clear that explicit error signals and the apparatus for propagating them backwards across layers are probabl ...
... copy with artificial networks. We are just beginning to understand how biological networks are wired up during development and during learning in the adult. Even at this stage, however, it is clear that explicit error signals and the apparatus for propagating them backwards across layers are probabl ...
Objectives 35 - U
... Globus Pallidus (pallidum) – external segment (GPe) and internal segment (GPi) - Putamen and globus pallidus make up lenticular nucleus Substantia Nigra Subthalamic nucleus Nucleus Accumbens –related to caudate and putamen - caudate nucleus, putamen, and nucleus accumbens have similar but parallel c ...
... Globus Pallidus (pallidum) – external segment (GPe) and internal segment (GPi) - Putamen and globus pallidus make up lenticular nucleus Substantia Nigra Subthalamic nucleus Nucleus Accumbens –related to caudate and putamen - caudate nucleus, putamen, and nucleus accumbens have similar but parallel c ...
Layer-Specific Markers as Probes for Neuron Type Identity in
... appropriate panels of markers, it is now possible to map cortical layers and areas with remarkable precision in mice (20, 40Y42). Eventually, it seems likely that molecular markers will be used to define all cortical neuron types, although that capability is still a distant goal. Many different fami ...
... appropriate panels of markers, it is now possible to map cortical layers and areas with remarkable precision in mice (20, 40Y42). Eventually, it seems likely that molecular markers will be used to define all cortical neuron types, although that capability is still a distant goal. Many different fami ...
"Touch". In: Encyclopedia of Life Sciences (ELS)
... 1985). Sensory receptors in the skin provide information to the brain about the size and shape of objects held in the hand. These receptors allow us to perceive whether objects appear hard or soft, smooth or rough in texture, heavy or light in weight, hot, cold or neutral in temperature and whether ...
... 1985). Sensory receptors in the skin provide information to the brain about the size and shape of objects held in the hand. These receptors allow us to perceive whether objects appear hard or soft, smooth or rough in texture, heavy or light in weight, hot, cold or neutral in temperature and whether ...
The evolution of vertebrate gastrulation
... marks most cells specified to become dorsal mesoderffi, including notochord and muscle, but that as gastrulation proceeds only those cells forming the prechordal plate continue to express goo secoid. Xbra is expressed in all mesoderm progenitors at early gastrula, but at later stages becomes restric ...
... marks most cells specified to become dorsal mesoderffi, including notochord and muscle, but that as gastrulation proceeds only those cells forming the prechordal plate continue to express goo secoid. Xbra is expressed in all mesoderm progenitors at early gastrula, but at later stages becomes restric ...
The Nervous System
... - nerve fibers in nerves; bundles called fascicles - nerve fibers inside the brain and spinal cord; bundles called tracts - bundles of nerve fibers linking the two halves of the brain called commissures ...
... - nerve fibers in nerves; bundles called fascicles - nerve fibers inside the brain and spinal cord; bundles called tracts - bundles of nerve fibers linking the two halves of the brain called commissures ...
Human Embryonic Stem Cells as a Powerful Tool for Studying
... model system to study early lineage determination and organogenesis was further confirmed by examining the temporal expression of specific gene cascades that are known to be involved in a given developmentally regulated pathway and are active in succession. One such example is the expression of the ...
... model system to study early lineage determination and organogenesis was further confirmed by examining the temporal expression of specific gene cascades that are known to be involved in a given developmentally regulated pathway and are active in succession. One such example is the expression of the ...
PDF
... marks most cells specified to become dorsal mesoderffi, including notochord and muscle, but that as gastrulation proceeds only those cells forming the prechordal plate continue to express goo secoid. Xbra is expressed in all mesoderm progenitors at early gastrula, but at later stages becomes restric ...
... marks most cells specified to become dorsal mesoderffi, including notochord and muscle, but that as gastrulation proceeds only those cells forming the prechordal plate continue to express goo secoid. Xbra is expressed in all mesoderm progenitors at early gastrula, but at later stages becomes restric ...
Human embryonic stem cells as a powerful tool for studying human
... There is by now substantial evidence to show that in vitro differentiation of mouse and HESC can recapitulate, at least to some extent, early embryonic development. In an attempt to determine how well differentiation of developing EB correlates with embryogenesis, the expression of several developme ...
... There is by now substantial evidence to show that in vitro differentiation of mouse and HESC can recapitulate, at least to some extent, early embryonic development. In an attempt to determine how well differentiation of developing EB correlates with embryogenesis, the expression of several developme ...