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... doing so they use structural and functional brain sys tems highly similar to those used by humans. The functions of these systems are revealed through depth electrode recording of single or multiple neuro nal unit activity and event-related field potentials, and the anatomical dis tributions of the ...
... doing so they use structural and functional brain sys tems highly similar to those used by humans. The functions of these systems are revealed through depth electrode recording of single or multiple neuro nal unit activity and event-related field potentials, and the anatomical dis tributions of the ...
Embryological origin for autism
... innervate the facial muscles, often associated with other cranial nerve symptoms (May, 1986); two had abnormal lacrimation, a failure of the neurons of the superior salivatory nucleus (cranial nerve VII) to innervate the lacrimal apparatus with subsequent misinnervation of the structure by neurons w ...
... innervate the facial muscles, often associated with other cranial nerve symptoms (May, 1986); two had abnormal lacrimation, a failure of the neurons of the superior salivatory nucleus (cranial nerve VII) to innervate the lacrimal apparatus with subsequent misinnervation of the structure by neurons w ...
Vocal communication in frogs
... surprising that we do not understand how androgens or AVT exert their effects on vocal behavior. However, it is assumed that at least part of the action occurs via the CNS where AVT-positive neurons and androgen receptors are found [35,36]. These hormonal effects are probably not independent; androg ...
... surprising that we do not understand how androgens or AVT exert their effects on vocal behavior. However, it is assumed that at least part of the action occurs via the CNS where AVT-positive neurons and androgen receptors are found [35,36]. These hormonal effects are probably not independent; androg ...
S013513518
... Cleveland Heart Diseases dataset. Further we have enhanced Sensitivity, Specificity and Accuracy of MLP, using Dagging approach. MLP with Dagging approach had showed good results and attained accuracy of 84.58%. So more applications would bring out the efficiency of this model over other models when ...
... Cleveland Heart Diseases dataset. Further we have enhanced Sensitivity, Specificity and Accuracy of MLP, using Dagging approach. MLP with Dagging approach had showed good results and attained accuracy of 84.58%. So more applications would bring out the efficiency of this model over other models when ...
Multiple roles for FGF-3 during cranial neural development in the
... FGFRs; reviewed by Mason, 1994). Fgf-3 expression has been detected in r5 and r6 of the mouse embryo hindbrain at 9 days of development, prompting speculation that FGF-3 might play a role in the development of the otocyst which invaginates adjacent to r5 and r6 (Wilkinson et al., 1988). Indeed, ther ...
... FGFRs; reviewed by Mason, 1994). Fgf-3 expression has been detected in r5 and r6 of the mouse embryo hindbrain at 9 days of development, prompting speculation that FGF-3 might play a role in the development of the otocyst which invaginates adjacent to r5 and r6 (Wilkinson et al., 1988). Indeed, ther ...
- Wiley Online Library
... et al., 1994), we found that CE was greatly expressed in both neurons and microglia from the aged rat brain, although it was barely detectable in the normal young rat brain. We also showed the alteration in immunostaining pattern of CE in neurons from a diffuse type to a granular type during the agi ...
... et al., 1994), we found that CE was greatly expressed in both neurons and microglia from the aged rat brain, although it was barely detectable in the normal young rat brain. We also showed the alteration in immunostaining pattern of CE in neurons from a diffuse type to a granular type during the agi ...
Olfaction in Invertebrates: Manduca. In: Squire LR (ed). Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, vol 7, pp 49-57. Oxford: Academic Press.
... learning of an odor leads to an increased response in those glomeruli that are activated by the learned odor, but not in those that respond to a specifically untrained odor. The odor-specific activity pattern was not changed qualitatively, but only quantitatively. Since glomerular activity can also ...
... learning of an odor leads to an increased response in those glomeruli that are activated by the learned odor, but not in those that respond to a specifically untrained odor. The odor-specific activity pattern was not changed qualitatively, but only quantitatively. Since glomerular activity can also ...
Bi150 (2005)
... Piriform cortex neurons receive projections from mitral cells corresponding to many glomeruli that receive input from ORNs expressing different receptors. Mitral cells also project to olfactory tubercle and other areas. Integration of odorant responses and odorant identification may take place in co ...
... Piriform cortex neurons receive projections from mitral cells corresponding to many glomeruli that receive input from ORNs expressing different receptors. Mitral cells also project to olfactory tubercle and other areas. Integration of odorant responses and odorant identification may take place in co ...
Neural Basis of Emotion - Caltech Division of Humanities and Social
... Animals are built with neural systems that enable them to evaluate which environmental stimuli, whether learned or not, are rewarding and punishing, that is will produce emotions and will be worked for or avoided. Sensory stimuli are normally processed through several stages of cortical processing t ...
... Animals are built with neural systems that enable them to evaluate which environmental stimuli, whether learned or not, are rewarding and punishing, that is will produce emotions and will be worked for or avoided. Sensory stimuli are normally processed through several stages of cortical processing t ...
Visuomotor development
... sensorimotor pathways in computational neuroethology, Cliff, 1995). The concept of a unitary sensorimotor cycle as a motor primitive for the generation of adaptive behavior in animals (and humans) is not recent. For a long time in biology, the reflex arc was assumed to play a central role in the pro ...
... sensorimotor pathways in computational neuroethology, Cliff, 1995). The concept of a unitary sensorimotor cycle as a motor primitive for the generation of adaptive behavior in animals (and humans) is not recent. For a long time in biology, the reflex arc was assumed to play a central role in the pro ...
Fundamentals of the Nervous System, Part 2
... • Less common than chemical synapses – Neurons are electrically coupled (joined by gap junctions) – Communication is very rapid, and may be unidirectional or bidirectional – Are important in: • Embryonic nervous tissue • Some brain regions ...
... • Less common than chemical synapses – Neurons are electrically coupled (joined by gap junctions) – Communication is very rapid, and may be unidirectional or bidirectional – Are important in: • Embryonic nervous tissue • Some brain regions ...
Physiology SENSORY PHYSIOLOGY Sensory Receptors Martin Paré
... Sensory transduction converts stimuli into graded potentials. Such changes in receptor membrane potential are known as the receptor potential and the generator potential. ...
... Sensory transduction converts stimuli into graded potentials. Such changes in receptor membrane potential are known as the receptor potential and the generator potential. ...
The visual cortex - Neuroscience Network Basel
... projection, in primates and human mainly for saccadic eye movements and head movements - The suprachiasmatic nucleus (hypothalamus) for day night rhythm - The pretectal nuclei: for pupillary reflex and eye movements. The lateral geniculate nucleus: As for most sensory pathways, a part of the thalamu ...
... projection, in primates and human mainly for saccadic eye movements and head movements - The suprachiasmatic nucleus (hypothalamus) for day night rhythm - The pretectal nuclei: for pupillary reflex and eye movements. The lateral geniculate nucleus: As for most sensory pathways, a part of the thalamu ...
CNS*2004 July 18-22, 2004 Baltimore, Maryland
... surrounding areas are included on the following pages along with lists of local activities and restaurants. Registration: Meeting registration will be open in the foyer of the Calvert Ballroom beginning Saturday, July 17th from 5:00-7:00 pm. From Sunday, July 18th to Wednesday, July 21st the Regisra ...
... surrounding areas are included on the following pages along with lists of local activities and restaurants. Registration: Meeting registration will be open in the foyer of the Calvert Ballroom beginning Saturday, July 17th from 5:00-7:00 pm. From Sunday, July 18th to Wednesday, July 21st the Regisra ...
Chapter 5 Development
... • Synaptic specificity – neurite identification of the correct target cell • Movement of receptors to the synaptic site is guided by presynaptic and postsynaptic ...
... • Synaptic specificity – neurite identification of the correct target cell • Movement of receptors to the synaptic site is guided by presynaptic and postsynaptic ...
Full Article - CIHR Research Group in Sensory
... trials for both monkeys and is consistent with a bottom-up (i.e. involuntary) bias. When the delay was increased to 650 ms, one monkey continued to show faster responses to the Invalid location whereas the other monkey showed faster responses to the Valid location, consistent with a top-down (i.e. v ...
... trials for both monkeys and is consistent with a bottom-up (i.e. involuntary) bias. When the delay was increased to 650 ms, one monkey continued to show faster responses to the Invalid location whereas the other monkey showed faster responses to the Valid location, consistent with a top-down (i.e. v ...
The caudal part of the frontal cortex is strongly involved - LIRA-Lab
... motor invariance also during observation of actions made by others. Although the learning process described above should mainly occur during development, we postulated that also in adult animals some vestigial residuals of this visuomotor coupling could have resisted in F5 motor neurons (generally c ...
... motor invariance also during observation of actions made by others. Although the learning process described above should mainly occur during development, we postulated that also in adult animals some vestigial residuals of this visuomotor coupling could have resisted in F5 motor neurons (generally c ...
Systems memory consolidation in Drosophila
... to be acquired, encoded, stored, maintained and retrieved. As time passes after training, memories become less easily retrieved, but also become progressively more stable in the face of experimental perturbations. This process is referred to as consolidation. But the term has been used to describe t ...
... to be acquired, encoded, stored, maintained and retrieved. As time passes after training, memories become less easily retrieved, but also become progressively more stable in the face of experimental perturbations. This process is referred to as consolidation. But the term has been used to describe t ...
Composition and Organization of the SCZ: A Large Germinal Layer
... differentiate into granule neurons in the DG (Altman and Das 1965; Kaplan and Bell 1984; Cameron and others 1993). Work in the neonatal rodent brain has shown that, in addition to neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes are also formed in the SVZ (Levison and Goldman 1993; Luskin 1993). More recent ...
... differentiate into granule neurons in the DG (Altman and Das 1965; Kaplan and Bell 1984; Cameron and others 1993). Work in the neonatal rodent brain has shown that, in addition to neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes are also formed in the SVZ (Levison and Goldman 1993; Luskin 1993). More recent ...
What is brain dynamics - Brain Dynamics Laboratory
... occurring in ever changing contexts greatly exceeds the number of available neuronal groups (or even single neurons), thus causing a combinatorial explosion. • Third, convergence does not allow for dynamic (‘on-the-fly') conjunctions in response to novel, previously unencountered stimuli. ...
... occurring in ever changing contexts greatly exceeds the number of available neuronal groups (or even single neurons), thus causing a combinatorial explosion. • Third, convergence does not allow for dynamic (‘on-the-fly') conjunctions in response to novel, previously unencountered stimuli. ...
Chapter 11 - Nervous Tissue
... always measured between two points – the inside versus the outside of the cell referred to as a potential - since the charges (ions) are separated there is a potential for the charges (ions) to move along the charge gradient ...
... always measured between two points – the inside versus the outside of the cell referred to as a potential - since the charges (ions) are separated there is a potential for the charges (ions) to move along the charge gradient ...
Dopamine Neurons Mediate a Fast Excitatory Signal
... reward (Schultz, 1998), whereas reward uncertainty appears to be encoded by a crescendo of DA neuron activity between the conditioned stimulus and reward (Fiorillo et al., 2003). DA responses, which are typically slow (Benoit-Marand et al., 2001) and modulatory, do not mediate direct excitatory or i ...
... reward (Schultz, 1998), whereas reward uncertainty appears to be encoded by a crescendo of DA neuron activity between the conditioned stimulus and reward (Fiorillo et al., 2003). DA responses, which are typically slow (Benoit-Marand et al., 2001) and modulatory, do not mediate direct excitatory or i ...
Brain Anatomy and Histology of Orange Spotted Grouper
... coming from Zangi creek of the Persian Gulf. There were 15 different tanks exposed to different concentrations of methylmercury and 3 control tanks. Each tank contained 15 fish (2 years old, weighing about 60 grs). The water was changed every other day and the fish were fed with fish meal pellet bef ...
... coming from Zangi creek of the Persian Gulf. There were 15 different tanks exposed to different concentrations of methylmercury and 3 control tanks. Each tank contained 15 fish (2 years old, weighing about 60 grs). The water was changed every other day and the fish were fed with fish meal pellet bef ...
HIPPOCAMPUS
... expressing basket, axo-axonic, bistratified and O-LM cells. The cells have differential temporal firing patterns during theta and ripple oscillations.The spike probability plots show that during different network oscillations representing two distinct brain states, interneurones of the same connecti ...
... expressing basket, axo-axonic, bistratified and O-LM cells. The cells have differential temporal firing patterns during theta and ripple oscillations.The spike probability plots show that during different network oscillations representing two distinct brain states, interneurones of the same connecti ...
Cell Bio 5- SDL Spinal Reflexes Circuits A neuron never works
... • The main input to the spinal cord is through afferent sensory axons in the dorsal root • Sensory signals travel to two destinations 1. One branch of the sensory nerve synapses locally for cord reflex 2. Another branch transmits signals to higher levels of the nervous system • There are three types ...
... • The main input to the spinal cord is through afferent sensory axons in the dorsal root • Sensory signals travel to two destinations 1. One branch of the sensory nerve synapses locally for cord reflex 2. Another branch transmits signals to higher levels of the nervous system • There are three types ...